Forest land-use in Sabah, Malaysia: an introduction to Danum Valley

1992 ◽  
Vol 335 (1275) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
The State ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Leading Role

The Malaysian state of Sabah occupies an area of 73 371 km 2 which is about 10% of the island of Borneo. A bout 60% of the land area is forested and 48% is gazetted as Permanent Forest Reserve or State or National Parks. The largest agent of forest disturbance is the timber industry, which plays a leading role in the state economy. A statutory body, the Sabah Foundation, holds a 100-year timber concession of 973 000 ha (9730 km 2 ) in the southeast of the state. Of this concession 9.7% has been reserved for conservation, including 43 800 ha (438 km 2 ) of uninhabited, mostly lowland forest in an area called Danum Valley. Since 1986, this has been the site of a field centre and a collaborative research programme devoted to comparative study of primary forest ecology and the impacts of selective logging. The paper includes a summary account of the ecology of the Danum Valley Conservation Area.

The consequences of selective logging for Bornean lowland forest birds

1992 ◽  
Vol 335 (1275) ◽  
pp. 443-457 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Bird Conservation ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Dipterocarp Forest ◽  
Logged Forest ◽  
Lowland Dipterocarp Forest

In lowland dipterocarp forest in Sabah, Malaysia, most primary forest bird species were present in areas selectively logged eight years previously. However, certain taxa, notably flycatchers, woodpeckers, trogons and wren-babblers, became comparatively rare. In contrast, nectarivorous and opportunistic frugivorous species were significantly more abundant. Few species appeared to change foraging height, but netting rates suggest that the activity of some species had increased, or that some birds ranged over larger areas after logging. Although there is still much to be learned about the survival of birds in logged forest, large areas of this habitat are important for bird conservation. However, the susceptibility of logged forest to fire, and our present incomplete understanding of bird behaviour and population dynamics in logged forests mean that they should not be considered by conservationists as alternatives to reserves of primary forest.

scholarly journals Habitat and population estimates of some threatened lowland forest bird species in Tambopata, south-east Peru

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUW LLOYD
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Floodplain Forest ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Forest Bird ◽  
Madre De Dios ◽  
Forest Habitats

Surveys of threatened lowland forest bird species and forest habitats were conducted during a 21-month census of lowland bird communities in Tambopata, Department of Madre de Dios, south-east Peru. A combination of distance sampling census methods and direct counts was used for the census in five sites located along the Rio Madre de Dios and Rio Tambopata. All five sites consisted of different forest types with significantly different habitat components. Three of these sites were classified as primary forest habitats whilst the remaining two were classified as disturbed forests. Population densities were calculated for eight of the threatened species recorded during the census. Density estimates of non-bamboo specialists were higher in primary forest habitats than in disturbed forest habitats. Density estimates of most bamboo specialists were higher in primary Old Floodplain forest with extensive bamboo understorey than in primary Middle/Upper Floodplain forest with smaller, patchy areas of bamboo understorey. Calculation of regional population estimates based on the amount of forest cover from satellite photographs shows that only two of the threatened bird species have substantial populations currently protected by the Parque Nacional Bahuaja-Sonene and Reservada Nacional de Tambopata. Selective logging operations that reduce overall tree biomass and remove a large proportion of palm tree species from primary forest habitats will have an adverse affect on local populations of four of the threatened bird species in the region.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Growth patterns of Shorea leprosula and Dryobalanops lanceolata in Borneo’s forest managed with Selective Cutting with Line Replanting System

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1160-1165
Author(s):  
MOHAMAD TAUFAN TIRKAAMIANA ◽  
RUHYAT PARTASASMITA ◽  
LEGOWO KAMARUBAYANA
Keyword(s):  
Line Width ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Selective Cutting ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Dryobalanops Lanceolata ◽  
Shorea Leprosula

Abstract. Tirkaamiana MT, Partasasmita R. Kamarubayana L. 2019. Growth patterns of Shorea leprosula and Dryobalanops lanceolata in Borneo’s forest managed with Selective Cutting with Line Replanting System. Biodiversitas 20: 1160-1165. Dryobalanops lanceolata is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae, which indigenous of Borneo. It is found in at least five protected areas (Kabilli-Sepilok Forest Reserve, Danum Valley Conservation Area, Ulu Temburong, Lambir, and Gunung Mulu National Parks), but is threatened elsewhere due to habitat loss. The demand for its timber is very high, so it requires conservation efforts while at the same time maintaining its productivity to meet the timber demand. One of the efforts to increase productivity of production forest in Indonesia is implementing Selective Logging with Line Replanting System (TPTJ). In this system superior species are planted in the planting lines. This study aimed to determine the growth of Shorea leprosula and Dryobalanops lanceolata planted in different planting line widths. Data of diameter increment of S. leprosula and D. lanceolata were obtained by observing 4 permanent sample plots (PUP) at concession areas of PT Balikpapan Forest Industries in Penajam Paser Utara, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The results showed that the average diameter increment of S. leprosula and D. lanceolata at the planting line width of 3 meters was 1.47cm/yr and 0.74 cm/yr respectively, and at the planting line width of 6 meters was 2.08 cm/yr and 1.14 cm/yr respectively. The differences in planting line width had very significant effect on the growth and diameter increment of S. leprosula, presumably due to the increase of light intensity to optimal level which accelerates stomata opening and transpiration rate, thus affecting the rate of photosynthesis.

The Royal Society’s South-east Asian Rain Forest Research Programme: an introduction

1992 ◽  
Vol 335 (1275) ◽  
pp. 327-330 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Forest Research ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
Patterns And Processes

This symposium reports some of the major findings to date of the Royal Society’s South-east Asian Rain Forest Research Programme initiated in 1985 on ‘The recovery of tropical forest following disturbance: patterns and processes’. The objective is to gain an understanding of the influence of the creation of gaps of various sizes and kinds, both natural and man-made, upon the flora and fauna of closed-canopy forest, and of the processes whereby these gaps will eventually be filled. Major studies in the first six years have examined spatial dynamics of trees, regeneration dynamics, the role of colonization species and of mycorrhiza, forest hydrology and geomorphic processes, arthropods as decomposers and predators, and the effects of selective logging upon animal populations. Research is concentrated at the Danum Valley Field Centre in Sabah in Malaysian Borneo, but associated projects have been undertaken elsewhere in Malesia. At Danum, British input in the first six years has involved ten scientists in long-term residence and 98 short-term visits. Fundamental to the programme has been collaboration between British participants from a variety of disciplines belonging to ten universities and five research institutes, and between British and overseas scientists. Also fundamental has been the provision of training in rain forest ecology; to date, this has involved 12 Doctoral and four Masters students of which six and three respectively are from South-east Asia.

scholarly journals Negative Effects of Logging on Bird Dispersed Plants in Northern Papuan Lowland Forest, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 194008292110311
Author(s):  
Margaretha Pangau-Adam ◽  
Jolanta Slowik ◽  
Jan-Niklas Trei ◽  
Matthias Waltert
Keyword(s):  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Logged Forest ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Habitat Parameters

Many plants in New Guinean rainforest have relatively larger fruits than those in other tropical forests and may depend on large animal dispersers, but little is known about the impacts of forest disturbance, especially logging, on the species composition and abundance of these trees. In order to provide a baseline for the understanding of their vulnerability, we counted fruiting plants and measured habitat parameters in primary and human-altered habitats in the little studied lowland forest of northern Papua, Indonesia. During the surveys coinciding with peak fruit season, eighty-nine species were recorded in fruit, with 71 species in 24 families known to be consumed by birds, and most of them (97%) were trees. The diversity of bird-consumed fruiting plants differed among the habitat types and was highest in undisturbed primary forest and hunted primary forest. Secondary forests still had a high number of species and individuals but were dominated by light demanding plants and a low number of uniquely found species. Logged forest and agricultural habitats showed only a low abundance of bird-consumed fruiting plants, being about 2-3 times lower than in primary forests. Plants with large sized fruits (diam. > 20 mm) were mainly found in primary forests, confirming their importance for maintaining interactions between large frugivorous birds and plants that are of relevance for forest regeneration.

scholarly journals Termite assemblages, forest disturbance and greenhouse gas fluxes in Sabah, East Malaysia

1999 ◽  
Vol 354 (1391) ◽  
pp. 1791-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Eggleton ◽  
R. Homathevi ◽  
D. T. Jones ◽  
J. A. MacDonald ◽  
D. Jeeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Methane Fluxes ◽  
Composition Changes

A synthesis is presented of sampling work conducted under a UK government–funded Darwin Initiative grant undertaken predominantly within the Danum Valley Conservation Area (DVCA), Sabah, East Malaysia. The project concerned the assemblage structure, gas physiology and landscape gas fluxes of termites in pristine and two ages of secondary, dipterocarp forest. The DVCA termite fauna is typical of the Sunda region, dominated by Termes –group soil–feeders and Nasutitermitinae. Selective logging appears to have relatively little effect on termite assemblages, although soil–feeding termites may be moderately affected by this level of disturbance. Species composition changes, but to a small extent when considered against the background level of compositional differences within the Sunda region. Physiologically the assemblage is very like others that have been studied, although there are some species that do not fit on the expected body size–metabolic rate curve. As elsewhere, soil–feeders and soil–wood interface–feeders tend to produce more methane. As with the termite assemblage characteristics, gross gas and energy fluxes do not differ significantly between logged and unlogged sites. Although gross methane fluxes are high, all the soils at DVCA were methane sinks, suggesting that methane oxidation by methanotrophic bacteria was a more important process than methane production by gut archaea. This implies that methane production by termites in South–East Asia is not contributing significantly to the observed increase in levels of methane production worldwide. Biomass density, species richness, clade complement and energy flow were much lower at DVCA than at a directly comparable site in southern Cameroon. This is probably due to the different biogeographical histories of the areas.

scholarly journals Keragaman Burung Pemakan Buah (Avian Frugivora) di Hutan Dataran Rendah Jayapura, Papua

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Margaretha Z. Pangau ◽  
Supeni Sufaati
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Forest Garden ◽  
Avian Frugivores ◽  
High Diversity

Frugivorous birds or avian frugivores play important role in seed dispersal cycle and forest regeneration in forest ecosystem of Papua. Despite the high diversity of avian frugivores dwelling in Papuan rainforest, and the fact that this region faces  alarming rate of forest disturbance, little is known of their current presence in the lowland forest habitat. We surveyed the variety of frugivorous birds in three different habitats of lowland forest in Cyclop Mountains Nature Reserve and Nimbokrang District. The methods used were line and point transects and identification was done during the survey. A total of 36 frugivorous birds from eight families was found in both sites.  There were 33 species of 8 families in Nimbokrang forest and 16 species of 7 families were encountered in the Nature Reserve. The primary forest has high diversity of frugivorous birds compared to that in secondary forest and forest garden. It was found that several species of Family Columbidae such as Macropygia amboinensis, Ducula pinon dan Reindwaedtoena reinwardtii  moved and foraged along the forest edge and also visited degraded areas that still provided vegetation trees and perches. These findings might have importance for forest management and reforestation programmes in Papuan lowland forest.Key words: Frugivorous birds, diversity, lowland forest, Mountain Cyclops Nature Reserve, Nimbokrang.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NATIONAL ARCHIVE FUND FOR CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2417-2425
Author(s):  
Peter Peikov ◽  
Borana Hadjieva
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
National Archive ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The Individual

The present paper reveals the significance of the National Archival Fund for preservation of the historical and cultural memory of the Bulgarian nation and the formation of historical consciousness. The National Archives Fund is defined as the largest collection of documents with historical, scientific, social, economic, cultural significance as an essential part of the cultural and historical heritage of Bulgaria.It treasures documents about the history of thousands of institutions and prominent figures of the state, economy, culture and art, of ordinary citizens whose activity is historically important in one respect or another.The emphasis of the study is on the main factors determining the daily enrichment of the National Archival Fund with new documents. Among these key factors are development of documentaristics and archivistics, trends in social development, ideological and political climate, financial stability and attitude of the society as a whole, of the istitutional leaders and administrative heads, creating documents, in particular, of the non-governmental organizations and even of the individual citizen to the problems in the field of archivistics.In the focus of the paper as well is the leading role of the state archives for the formation of the National Archival Fund of Bulgaria and the opportunities for cooperation with museums, libraries, community centers and other institutions of memory working with the same purpose and vision.

Idiosyncratic responses of Amazonian birds to primary forest disturbance

Oecologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 903-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nárgila G. Moura ◽  
Alexander C. Lees ◽  
Alexandre Aleixo ◽  
Jos Barlow ◽  
Erika Berenguer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Primary Forest

MODERN PROBLEMS OF FORMING THE DISCOURSE IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SOCIAL SECURITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
S. Kononov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Discussion ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of a social security modern discourse formation in the framework of a philosophical discussion of the transformation processes of the formation vector of the state security policy. The task of the article, according to the author, is to present the problem of security in conditions when it ceases to be understood, as a concept associated with the idea of preserving the integrity of a state or nation, and functions as a phenomenon with the broadest possible social parameters. Using the methodology of phenomenological, hermeneutic and comparative analysis, the new areas of security research, common difference of which is social and personal orientation are analyzed. The author pays attention to the features of the methodology of works reflecting the point of view of the modern state, works related to the development of a systematic approach to security, works based on an axiological approach and concludes that, despite the expansion of security interpretations, all these approaches retain a common ideological foundation. presupposing the need to preserve the leading role of the state in the field of social security, including the security of the individual and society and the state. All these approaches are based on the policy of responding to emerging threats to the Russian state and do not reflect the needs of a comprehensive strategic goal-setting covering the sphere of socio-economic development of the social system. This circumstance, according to the author, leads to the formation of a security strategy that exists only in the name of protecting the state and does not imply feedback between the state and the social institutions that the state is going to protect, which leads to the ineffectiveness of modern protection measures and the need to find new ways to justify the need for this protection, a new definition of its content and essence

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