A consecutive centrifugal method for concentration of human enteric viruses in water samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 161 (12) ◽  
pp. 3323-3330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yuan ◽  
ChunYu Zhao ◽  
ZhenYu Wang ◽  
HaiHua Xia ◽  
Ruihai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Centrifugal Method ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses

scholarly journals Detection of human enteric viruses from shellfish, vegetable and water samples collected in Sicily

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
G. Purpari ◽  
S. Di Bella ◽  
F. Gucciardi ◽  
G. Macaluso ◽  
F. Mira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses

scholarly journals Effects of Contamination of Freshwater Habitat With Common Heavy Metals and Anions on the Prevalence of Human Adenoviruses and Enteroviruses

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Opere Wasonga ◽  
John Maingi ◽  
Ombori Omwoyo
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Human Adenoviruses ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses

The occurrence and survival of enteric viruses in open surface waters can be impacted by a host of factors including fecal emission levels, seasonal variations, virus stability and the physicochemical parameters. In this research, we aimed to document the association between contaminations of water samples with human enteric viruses (adenoviruses and enteroviruses) from a freshwater lake with variations in chemical contaminants. We collected 216 water samples from October 2010 to April 2012, from a 4 km stretch along Lake Victoria (LV) basin in Homa Bay town located in the western region of Kenya. The samples were analyzed for the existence of human adenoviruses (HAdV) and human enteroviruses (HEV), using the nested PCR (nPCR). We also assessed in the water samples the levels of twelve chemical contaminants consisting of six heavy metal elements and six anions. About 8.3 % of the samples were found to be contaminated with the enteric viruses. The concentrations of the 12 chemical contaminants were found to be largely within the WHO suggested limits. Most of the chemical contaminants were not related to the detection rates of the viruses from the statistical analysis. However, some positive and negative associations between the viral genome's detection and the chemical concentrations were established for only three metals (Fe, Pb, Cd) and the PO43− Radical. Cd had a weak positive significant relationship with HAdV (rho = 0.146, p = 0.032) while Pb and Fe had a weak positive significant relationship with HEV genome detection (rho = 0.156, p = 0.022) and (rho = 0.148 and p = 0.029) respectively. There was a modest negative relationship between phosphate ions and HEV (rho = −0.174, p = 0.010). The results of our study do not provide support for the hypothesis of an association between the presence of human enteric viruses and the levels of twelve chemical contaminants.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of human enteric viruses in food, water samples, and surface swabs in Sicily

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppa Purpari ◽  
Giusi Macaluso ◽  
Santina Di Bella ◽  
Francesca Gucciardi ◽  
Francesco Mira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses

Detection of animal and human enteric viruses in water from the Assomption River and its tributaries

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 967-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Payment ◽  
Florentin Affoyon ◽  
Michel Trudel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Immune Serum Globulin ◽  
Serum Globulin ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses

Animal enteroviruses, reoviruses, and human enteric viruses were detected in water samples (20 L) from a major river system, the Assomption River in the province of Quebec. Animal enteroviruses, probably of porcine origin (this region is a major producer of pork), were isolated on porcine cell cultures and were found in 29 to 60% of water samples from the different sites on the river and in 19 to 48% of the water samples from the tributaries. The average concentration of these animal enteroviruses in water from the Assomption River was 2 to 7 mpniu/L (most probable number of infectious units per litre), and that from the tributaries varied from 3 to 24 mpniu/L. Reoviruses were detected in infected cell cultures by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Their origin is probably avian (broiler chicken farms) or human (untreated domestic waste waters) and they were detected in 19 to 52% of the water samples from the Assomption River at an average concentration of 3 to 12 mpniu/L. In water samples from the tributaries, 5 to 71% of the samples were positive at an average concentration of 5 to 24 mpniu/L. Human enteric viruses were detected in MA-104 cells by an immunoperoxidase assay using human immune serum globulin. They were detected in 13 to 72% of water samples from the Assomption River and 14 to 71 % of the water samples from the tributaries. The average concentration of these human enteric viruses in Assomption River water varied from 1 to 12 and from 2 to 145 mpniu/L in water samples from the tributaries. Seasonal patterns were observed for all viruses with an increase in viral concentration in early fall.

Monitoring of human enteric viruses and coliform bacteria in waters after urban flood in Jakarta, Indonesia

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Phanuwan ◽  
S. Takizawa ◽  
K. Oguma ◽  
H. Katayama ◽  
A. Yunika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses ◽  
Flooded Areas

Floodwaters in Kampung Melayu village, Jakarta, Indonesia, as well as river water and consumable water (including groundwater and tap water) samples in flooded and non-flooded areas, were quantitatively analysed to assess occurrence of viruses and total coliforms and E. coli as bacterial indicators after flooding event. High numbers of enterovirus, hepatitis A virus, norovirus (G1, G2) and adenovirus were detected at high concentration in floodwaters and waters sampled from Ciliwung River which runs across metropolitan Jakarta and is used widely for agriculture and domestic purposes by poor residents. One out of three groundwater wells in the flooded area was contaminated with all viruses tested while no viruses were found in groundwater samples in non-flooded areas and tap water samples. The results revealed that human enteric viruses, especially hepatitis A virus and adenovirus, were prevalent in Jakarta, Indonesia. This study suggested that flooding posed a higher risk of viral infection to the people through contamination of drinking water sources or direct contact with floodwaters.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Human Enteric Viruses in Surface Water and Drinking Water Resources in Southern Ghana

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen E. Gibson ◽  
Yayi Guo ◽  
James T. Schissler ◽  
Melissa C. Opryszko ◽  
Kellogg J. Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Drinking Water Resources ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses ◽  
Southern Ghana

Virus occurrence in municipal groundwater sources in Quebec, Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Locas ◽  
Christine Barthe ◽  
Benoit Barbeau ◽  
Annie Carrière ◽  
Pierre Payment
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Historic Data ◽  
Human Enteric Viruses

A 1 year study was undertaken on groundwater that was a source of drinking water in the province of Quebec, Canada. Twelve municipal wells (raw water) were sampled monthly during a 1 year period, for a total of 160 samples. Using historic data, the 12 sites were categorized into 3 groups: group A (no known contamination), group B (sporadically contaminated by total coliforms), and group C (historic and continuous contamination by total coliforms and (or) fecal coliforms). Bacterial indicators (total coliform, Escherichia coli , enteroccoci), viral indicators (somatic and male-specific coliphages), total culturable human enteric viruses, and noroviruses were analyzed at every sampling site. Total coliforms were the best indicator of microbial degradation, and coliform bacteria were always present at the same time as human enteric viruses. Two samples contained human enteric viruses but no fecal pollution indicators (E. coli, enterococci, or coliphages), suggesting the limited value of these microorganisms in predicting the presence of human enteric viruses in groundwater. Our results underline the value of historic data in assessing the vulnerability of a well on the basis of raw water quality and in detecting degradation of the source. This project allowed us to characterize the microbiologic and virologic quality of groundwater used as municipal drinking water sources in Quebec.

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