Inhibition of lindane-induced toxicity using alpha-lipoic acid and vitamin E in the brain of Mus musculus

Introduction: Tinnitus is the false perception of sound. Normally it is considered to be developed due to oxidative stress to the inner ear. This study was conducted to test the efficacy and safety for the combination of Alpha lipoic acid, Gingko biloba, Vitamin C, Zinc, Magnesium, Vitamin B6, Methylcobalamin, Vitamin E and Chromium Picolinate in the patients of tinnitus. Method: The study was conducted on 165 patients out of which 142 completed the study. Efficacy was evaluated by tinnitus symptom score (TSS). Patients were asked to rate the TSS ranging from 0 to 10 where 0 means no symptom and 10 means maximum tolerable symptoms. Safety assessment was made by analysing the adverse events reported by the patient. Efficacy and safety evaluation was done on day 0, 10 and 22. Results: Patients had TSS 6.26 on baseline visit which was reduced to 4.50 at day 10 and was further reduced to 2.47 at day 22. Also, in the clinical trial duration of 22 days, only 5 episodes of the adverse drug reactions were reported by the patient and all of them were of non-serious in nature and mild in intensity. Conclusion: The fixed dose combination of Alpha lipoic acid 200 mg, Gingko biloba 120 mg, Vitamin C 30 mg, Zinc 12 mg, Magnesium 10 mg, Vitamin B6 3 mg, Methylcobalamin 1500 mcg, Vitamin E 10 IU and Chromium Picolinate 1.66 mg equivalent to elemental chromium 200 mcg was found to be efficacious and safe for the treatment of Tinnitus.

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Acute Exercise and Thioredoxin-1 in Rat Brain, and Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein Response, in Diabetes

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.20.3.206 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 206-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zekine Lappalainen ◽

Jani Lappalainen ◽

David E. Laaksonen ◽

Niku K.J Oksala ◽

Savita Khanna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipoic Acid ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Exhaustive Exercise ◽

Favorable Effect ◽

Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽

Interacting Protein ◽

Protein Response ◽

Response To Exercise ◽

The Brain

Thioredoxin (TRX) is a protein disulfide reductase that plays an important role in many thiol-dependent cellular reductive processes, antioxidant protection, and signal transduction. Moreover, TRX reduces and maintains the function of many proteins during oxidative stress, which is increased in diabetes. The authors recently reported that diabetes impairs brain redox status and TRX response to exercise training. As a continuation of their studies, they hypothesized that alpha-lipoic acid, a natural thiol antioxidant, has a favorable effect on the brain TRX and glutathione (GSH) system in diabetes. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes was used as a chronic model and exhaustive exercise as an acute model for disrupted redox balance. Half the diabetic and nondiabetic animals were subjected to a bout of exhaustive exercise after 8 wk with or without lipoic acid and analyzed for key thiol antioxidants. Lipoic acid neither altered diabetes-induced oxidative stress as assessed by the increased ratio of oxidized to total GSH nor had any impact on the antioxidant protein response to exercise. However, lipoic acid increased mRNA of TRX-interacting protein, an inhibitor of TRX-1, and glutaredoxin-1 in diabetes. Exercise increased TRX-1 mRNA in both diabetic and nondiabetic animals but had no effect on TRX-1 protein. Cytosolic superoxide dismutase mRNA was only increased in diabetes, whereas exercise increased the protein levels in nondiabetic animals. The findings suggest that exhaustive exercise induces mRNA of TRX-1 in the brain and that lipoic acid cannot prevent diabetes-induced disturbances in GSH homeostasis. Because lipoic acid increased TRX-interacting protein transcription in diabetes, high doses may impair TRX-1 homeostasis.

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