Post-transcriptional regulation of genes of iron metabolism in mammalian cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 494-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Rouault ◽  
Richard D. Klausner
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Rhythmic post-transcriptional regulation of the circadian clock protein mPER2 in mammalian cells: A real-time analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 401 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keigo Nishii ◽  
Iori Yamanaka ◽  
Maya Yasuda ◽  
Yota B. Kiyohara ◽  
Yoko Kitayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Clock Protein

scholarly journals Post-transcriptional regulation of the content of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase by N1N12-bis(ethyl)spermine

1995 ◽  
Vol 305 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Parry ◽  
R Balaña Fouce ◽  
A E Pegg
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Untranslated Regions ◽  
Translation Regulation ◽  
Polyamine Analogues ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Ssat Activity

Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) is the rate-limiting enzyme for the degradation and excretion of polyamines in mammalian cells, and its activity is known to be increased enormously on exposure to polyamines and polyamine analogues. The mechanism by which such an analogue, BESM [N1N12-bis(ethyl)spermine], increases the content of SSAT was investigated by transfecting COS-7 cells with plasmids containing SSAT cDNA in the pEUK expression vector. Despite a large increase in mRNA production, there was only a very small increase in SSAT activity in the transfected cells. When BESM was added at 36 h after transfection, there was a large and very rapid increase in SSAT protein amounting to 380-fold in 12 h without any increase in the mRNA. SSAT protein turned over very rapidly, with a half-life of about 20 min. In the presence of BESM, this turnover was greatly reduced, and the half-life increased to more than 13 h. However, this increase was not sufficient to account for all of the increase in SSAT protein, suggesting that there is also regulation of the translation of the mRNA by BESM. Further evidence for such translation regulation was obtained by studying the polysomal distribution of the SSAT mRNA. In the absence of BESM, most of the mRNA was present in fractions which sedimented more slowly than the monoribosome peak. In BESM-treated cells, a significant proportion of the SSAT mRNA was moved into the small-polysome region of the gradient. The expression of SSAT and the effects of BESM on the polysomal distribution of SSAT mRNA were not affected by the 5′- or 3′-untranslated regions of the mRNA, since constructs which lacked all of these regions gave similar results to constructs containing the entire mRNA sequence. These results show that the increased transcription of the SSAT gene that occurs in the presence of polyamine analogues such as BESM is not sufficient for SSAT expression and that post-transcriptional regulation is critical for the control of SSAT content.

scholarly journals Comprehensive analysis of mRNA poly(A) tail reveals complex and conserved regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusheng Liu ◽  
Hu Nie ◽  
Yiwei Zhang ◽  
Falong Lu ◽  
Jiaqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Full Length ◽  
New Method ◽  
Full Length Cdna ◽  
Simultaneous Evaluation ◽  
Eukaryotic Species ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Non-templated poly(A) tails are added to the 3′-end of most mRNAs, which have important roles in post-transcriptional regulation. Recent studies have revealed that poly(A) tails are not composed purely of A residues, but also contain U, C and G residues internally and at their 3′-ends, revealing new levels of complexity. However, no method is able to analyze these internal and terminal non-A residues simultaneously. Here, we developed a new method called PAIso-seq2 which captures RNA 3′-ends by direct 3′ adaptor ligation and rRNA removal by CRISPR/Cas9. This method allows simultaneous evaluation of the poly(A) tail length and 5′-end, internal, and 3′-end non-A residues together with the full-length cDNA for a transcript. Applying this method, we achieved the first complete transcriptome-wide 3′ tail map of mRNA within the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments of mammalian cells, uncovering differences in poly(A) tail length and non-A residues between these two mRNA populations. A survey of diverse eukaryotic species revealed the conservation of a subset of poly(A) tails containing consecutive U residues in the internal positions, whereas those with consecutive C or G residues were of much lower abundance. Together, we established the first method to be able to comprehensively analyze poly(A) tail 5′-end, internal and 3′-end non-A residues in addition to the length simultaneously, and reveal the first complete mRNA 3′ tail map, providing rich insights into the regulatory roles of poly(A) tails.

scholarly journals Post-Transcriptional Circadian Regulation in Macrophages Organizes Temporally Distinct Immunometabolic States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J Collins ◽  
Mariana P Cervantes-Silva ◽  
George A Timmons ◽  
James R O’Siorain ◽  
Annie M Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Circadian Regulation ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYOur core timekeeping mechanism, the circadian clock, regulates an astonishing amount of cellular physiology and behavior, playing a vital role in organismal fitness. While the mechanics of circadian control over cellular regulation can in part be explained by the transcriptional activation stemming from the positive arm of the clock’s transcription-translation negative feedback loop, research has shown that extensive circadian regulation occurs beyond transcriptional activation in fungal species and data suggest that this post-transcriptional regulation may also be preserved in mammals. To determine the extent to which circadian output is regulated post-transcriptionally in mammalian cells, we comprehensively profiled the transcriptome and proteome of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages in a high resolution, sample rich time course. We found that only 15% of the circadian proteome had corresponding oscillating mRNA and this regulation was cell intrinsic. Ontological analysis of oscillating proteins revealed robust temporal enrichment for protein degradation and translation, providing potential insights into the source of this extensive post-transcriptional regulation. We noted post-transcriptional temporal-gating across a number of connected metabolic pathways. This temporal metabolic regulation further corresponded with rhythms we observed in ATP production, mitochondrial morphology, and phagocytosis. With the strong interconnection between cellular metabolic states and macrophage phenotypes/responses, our work demonstrates that post-transcriptional circadian regulation in macrophages is broadly utilized as a tool to confer time-dependent immune function and responses. As macrophages coordinate many immunological and inflammatory functions, an understanding of this regulation provides a framework to determine the impact of circadian regulation on a wide array of disease pathologies.

43-OR: Post-transcriptional Regulation of Slc16a1 mRNA Is Essential for Maintaining Normal ß-Cell Function

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 43-OR
Author(s):  
DINA MOSTAFA ◽  
AKINORI TAKAHASHI ◽  
TADASHI YAMAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation
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