Oral tongue leukoplakia: analysis of clinicopathological characteristics, treatment outcomes, and factors related to recurrence and malignant transformation

Abstract Objectives The tongue is identified as a high-risk site for oral leukoplakia and malignant transformation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes of tongue leukoplakia and assess the factors related to recurrence and malignant transformation. Materials and methods One hundred and forty-four patients who received carbon dioxide laser surgery for tongue leukoplakia from 2002 to 2019 were analyzed statistically. Results The follow-up period was 54.90 ± 54.41 months. Thirty patients showed postoperative recurrence (20.83%), and 12 patients developed malignant transformation (8.33%). The annual transformation rate was 2.28%. Univariate analysis showed that a history of head and neck cancer, size of lesion area, clinical appearance, and pathology were significant factors for both recurrence and malignant transformation. In the multivariate logistic regression, a history of head and neck cancer and size of lesion area were independent prognostic factors for recurrence, and a history of head and neck cancer was the only independent factor for postoperative malignant change. Conclusions Clinicians should adopt more aggressive strategies for tongue leukoplakia patients with a history of head and neck cancer. Clinical relevance These results may help clinicians gain a better understanding of oral tongue leukoplakia.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Late complications and long-term quality of life for survivors (>5 years) with history of head and neck cancer.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717952796.793457670 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Giulio Cantu ◽

Madia Pompilio ◽

Paolo Formillo

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Late Complications ◽

History Of

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Case-control study of oral disease indexes in individuals with head and neck cancer after antineoplastic therapy

Einstein (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/s1679-45082018ao4245 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Reyna Aguilar Quispe ◽

Adrielle Lindolpho Cremonesi ◽

Jeanne Kelly Gonçalves ◽

Cassia Maria Fischer Rubira ◽

Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Periodontal Index ◽

Community Periodontal Index ◽

History Of ◽

Antineoplastic Treatment

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the oral health of patients with head and neck cancer after antineoplastic treatment, and to compare them with patients with no history of cancer. Methods A total of 75 patients, divided into Study Group, composed of individuals after antineoplastic treatment (n=30), and Control Group, with individuals with no history of cancer (n=45), aged 37 to 79 years. The oral health status was evaluated through the index of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth (DMFT), community periodontal index and evaluation of the use and need of prosthesis. All of these items were evaluated according to the criteria recommended by the World Health Organization. The statistical analysis was descriptive and used the Pearson’s χ2 test. Results The community periodontal index was higher in the Study Group when compared to the Control Group (p<0.0001). The need for an upper (p<0.001) and lower (p<0.0001) prostheses was higher in the Study Group. Also, the use of upper prosthesis was higher in the Study Group (p<0.002). The missing or filled permanent teeth index between the two groups (p>0.0506) and the use of lower prosthesis (p>0.214) did not present a relevant statistical difference. Conclusion Periodontal disease and edentulism are the most significant changes in individuals who received antineoplastic therapy for head and neck cancer as well as greater need for oral rehabilitation.

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Patterns of failure, treatment outcomes and late toxicities of head and neck cancer in the current era of IMRT

Oral Oncology ◽

10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.09.011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

pp. 225-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dorothy M. Gujral ◽

Christopher M. Nutting

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Patterns Of Failure ◽

Failure Treatment

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Analyzing the effects of depression among patients with head and neck cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e18038-e18038

Author(s):

Muhammad Usman Zafar ◽

Zahid Tarar ◽

Ghulam Ghous ◽

Umer Farooq ◽

Masood Anwar

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Length Of Stay ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Hospital Length ◽

Hospital Length Of Stay ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Prior History ◽

Lower Odds ◽

History Of

e18038 Background: Patients with head and neck cancer carry the prospect of facial disfigurement in addition to the effects on speech, smell, sight, and taste. As such they are at a higher risk of acquiring emotional distress. Despite this, depression is underreported in this population. We review the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) to understand the effects of depression in patients admitted with any diagnosis of head and neck cancer. Methods: We designed a retrospective study and utilized NIS data for the year 2018. We identified patients with any history of Head and Neck cancer using their specific ICD-10 codes. We also identified codes for depressive disorders. Primary outcome was effect of depression on comorbidities. Secondary outcome was hospital length of stay. Utilizing STATA MP 16.1 we performed multivariate logistic regression analysis. Various comorbidities including previous history of coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, stroke, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and chemotherapy were incorporated into the analysis. Results: The study population included 15,689 patients that were 18 years or older. Mean age was 64 years. Only 28% of the population was females. The mean hospital length of stay was approximately 7 days. In this group of patients, 12% had a history of depression. Among the different types of head and neck cancers oropharyngeal cancers had the highest percentage of depression rates (14%). In multivariable analysis, patients with depression had a higher comorbidity index but this result did not reach statistical significance (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.02, p = 0.054, 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) 0.999 – 1.045). Patients had higher odds of having depression if they also had a history of stroke (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.13 – 1.73), prior history of chemotherapy (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.09 – 1.43), history of hyperlipidemia (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.16 – 1.48) or were admitted over the weekend (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07 – 1.38). Younger age was associated with lower odds of depression (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.98 – 0.99). Women had higher odds of having depression (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.51 – 1.88). When compared with white people, people from the following demographics had lower odds of depression – Black (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.47 – 0.68), Hispanic (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.49 – 0.83), Asian (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.17 – 0.43), and others (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.35 – 0.79). Hospital length of stay was higher among patients with depression (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.2 – 1.15). Conclusions: Among patients with head and neck cancer, odds of having depression are higher in the white population, older patients, females and patients with prior history of chemotherapy. Depression is associated with higher hospital length of stay. These findings help understand the effect of depression on this susceptible population and identify at risk patients for appropriate screening.

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Effect of tumor burden and growth rate on treatment outcomes of nivolumab in head and neck cancer

International Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1007/s10147-020-01669-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (7) ◽

pp. 1270-1277 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Suzuki ◽

N. Kiyota ◽

Y. Imamura ◽

J. Rikitake ◽

S. Sai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Tumor Burden

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Effects of Lingual Effort on Swallow Pressures Following Radiation Treatment

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2015_jslhr-s-14-0210 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 687-697 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kerry Lenius ◽

Julie Stierwalt ◽

Leonard L. LaPointe ◽

Michelle Bourgeois ◽

Giselle Carnaby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Radiation Treatment ◽

External Beam Radiotherapy ◽

Upper Esophageal Sphincter ◽

Oral Tongue ◽

Esophageal Sphincter ◽

Therapeutic Activities ◽

Swallow Function

Purpose This article investigated the effects of increased oral lingual pressure on pharyngeal pressures during swallowing in patients who have undergone radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. It was hypothesized that increased oral lingual pressure would result in increased pharyngeal pressures. Method A within-subject experimental design was used with 20 participants who were status post external beam radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Participants completed typical swallows and swallows with increased lingual force during manofluoroscopic swallow studies. The swallow condition order was randomized across participants. Results Manometric data revealed significant differences in swallow pressure by condition at the base of tongue and upper esophageal sphincter sensor locations without significant pressure differences in the lower pharynx. The effortful lingual swallows resulted in higher mean pressures at all locations. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that use of a maneuver designed to increase oral tongue effort can also increase pharyngeal tongue base pressure. Therefore, therapeutic activities used to generate greater pressure of the oral tongue may also alter pharyngeal response. Further research is needed to determine the direct clinical effect on swallow function for individuals with head and neck cancer.

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