Novel Isoforms of N16 and N19 Families Implicated for the Nacreous Layer Formation in the Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumito Ohmori ◽  
Shigeharu Kinoshita ◽  
Daisuke Funabara ◽  
Hiroki Koyama ◽  
Kiyohito Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Pinctada Fucata ◽  
Nacreous Layer ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
Novel Isoforms

scholarly journals A new matrix protein family related to the nacreous layer formation of Pinctada fucata

FEBS Letters ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 462 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Samata ◽  
Nakanobu Hayashi ◽  
Makiko Kono ◽  
Kyoko Hasegawa ◽  
Chie Horita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Protein Family ◽  
Pinctada Fucata ◽  
Nacreous Layer ◽  
Layer Formation

scholarly journals A cDNA Cloning of a Novel Alpha-Class Tyrosinase of Pinctada fucata: Its Expression Analysis and Characterization of the Expressed Protein

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryousuke Takgi ◽  
Tomoyuki Miyashita
Keyword(s):  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Pinctada Fucata ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Nacreous Layer ◽  
Copper Binding ◽  
Copper Proteins ◽  
Shell Matrix

Tyrosinase plays an important role in the formation of the shell matrix and melanin synthesis in mollusks shells. A cDNA clone encoding a 47 kDa protein was isolated from the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata. The cDNA was 1,957 base pairs long and encodes a 417 residue protein that has extensive sequence identity with tyrosinase (polyphenol oxidase: EC 1.14.18.1). This tyrosinase-like protein, termed PfTy, contains an N-terminal signal sequence and the two copper-binding domain signatures (CuA and CuB), suggesting that PfTy belongs to the α-subclass of type-3 copper proteins. Enzyme activity of PfTy was examined by a spectrophotometric method using the translation product derived from an S30 T7 high-yield protein expression system. Tyrosinase activity was seen in this recombinant product. RT-PCR analysis showed that PfTy mRNA was expressed in the mantle pallial, but not in the mantle edge. Therefore, PfTy may participate in insoluble shell matrix formation of the nacreous layer. PfTy expression was also observed in the foot, liver, and adductor muscle, suggesting that PfTy participates in the synthesis of melanins, which are effective scavengers of free radicals formed in multiple intracellular oxidative processes. This is the first report of a novel α-class tyrosinase from the pearl oyster P. fucata.

scholarly journals Identification of methionine -rich insoluble proteins in the shell of the pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kintsu ◽  
Ryo Nishimura ◽  
Lumi Negishi ◽  
Isao Kuriyama ◽  
Yasushi Tsuchihashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Pinctada Fucata ◽  
Nacreous Layer ◽  
Solid Complex ◽  
Prismatic Layer ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Organic Matrices ◽  
Aggregation Activity ◽  
Main Components

Abstract The molluscan shell is a biomineral that comprises calcium carbonate and organic matrices controlling the crystal growth of calcium carbonate. The main components of organic matrices are insoluble chitin and proteins. Various kinds of proteins have been identified by solubilizing them with reagents, such as acid or detergent. However, insoluble proteins remained due to the formation of a solid complex with chitin. Herein, we identified these proteins from the nacreous layer, prismatic layer, and hinge ligament of Pinctada fucata using mercaptoethanol and trypsin. Most identified proteins contained a methionine-rich region in common. We focused on one of these proteins, NU-5, to examine the function in shell formation. Gene expression analysis of NU-5 showed that NU-5 was highly expressed in the mantle, and a knockdown of NU-5 prevented the formation of aragonite tablets in the nacre, which suggested that NU-5 was required for nacre formation. Dynamic light scattering and circular dichroism revealed that recombinant NU-5 had aggregation activity and changed its secondary structure in the presence of calcium ions. These findings suggest that insoluble proteins containing methionine-rich regions may be important for scaffold formation, which is an initial stage of biomineral formation.

scholarly journals Evolution and functional analysis of the Pif97 gene of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotong Wang ◽  
Xiaorui Song ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Qihui Zhu ◽  
Guoying Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crassostrea Gigas ◽  
Pacific Oyster ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Pinctada Fucata ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Nacreous Layer ◽  
Shell Formation ◽  
Shell Matrix ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Functional Components

Abstract Mollusc shell matrix proteins (SMPs) are important functional components embedded in the shell and play a role in shell formation. A SMP (Pif177) was identified previously from the nacreous layer of the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata, and its cleavage products (named pfPif97 and pfPif80 proteins) were found to bind to the chitin framework and induce aragonite crystal formation and orient the c axis. In this study, a homologue of pfPif177 was cloned from the mantle of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, containing the homologue of pfPif97 only and not pfPif80. This finding hints at the large divergence in gene structure between the two species. This homologue (cgPif97) shares characteristics with pfPif97, and suggests that the biological functions of these two proteins may be similar. The expression pattern of cgPif97 in different tissues and development stages indicates that it may play an important role in shell formation of the adult oyster. The morphology of the inner shell surface was affected by injected siRNA of cgPif97 and the calcite laths of the shell became thinner and narrower when the siRNA dose increased, suggesting that the cgPif97 gene plays an important role in calcite shell formation in C. gigas. In conclusion, we found evidence that the Pif177 gene evolved very fast but still retains a similar function among species.

Establishment and genetic analysis of complete diallel cross families of pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata)

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Long-chun GU ◽  
Jin-bi LI ◽  
Da-hui YU ◽  
Gui-ju HUANG ◽  
Jian-ye LIU
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Pinctada Fucata ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross
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