GmPGIP3 enhanced resistance to both take-all and common root rot diseases in transgenic wheat

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important staple crop. Sharp eyespot and common root rot are destructive diseases of wheat. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In this study, we synthesized the DmAMP1W gene, encoding Dahlia merckii DmAMP1, and investigated the antifungal role of DmAMP1W in vitro and in transgenic wheat. Protein electrophoresis analysis and in vitro inhibition results demonstrated that the synthesized DmAMP1W correctly translated to the expected peptide DmAMP1W, and the purified peptide inhibited growths of the fungi Rhizoctonia cerealis and Bipolaris sorokiniana, the pathogenic causes of wheat sharp eyespot and common root rot. DmAMP1W was introduced into a wheat variety Zhoumai18 via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The molecular characteristics indicated that DmAMP1W could be heritable and expressed in five transgenic wheat lines in T1–T2 generations. Average sharp eyespot infection types of these five DmAMP1W transgenic wheat lines in T1–T2 generations decreased 0.69–1.54 and 0.40–0.82 compared with non-transformed Zhoumai18, respectively. Average common root rot infection types of these transgenic lines and non-transformed Zhoumai18 were 1.23–1.48 and 2.27, respectively. These results indicated that DmAMP1W-expressing transgenic wheat lines displayed enhanced-resistance to both sharp eyespot and common root rot. This study provides new broad-spectrum antifungal resources for wheat breeding.

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Effects of tillage systems and crop rotations on root and foliar diseases of wheat, flax, and peas in Saskatchewan

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps92-073 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 583-591 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

K. L. Bailey ◽

K. Mortensen ◽

G. P. Lafond

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Root Rot ◽

Tan Spot ◽

Common Root ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Foliar Diseases ◽

Common Root Rot ◽

Summer Fallow ◽

Take All

The dynamics of root and foliar diseases were studied in spring and winter wheat, peas, and flax and under zero, minimum, and conventional tillage at Indian Head, Saskatchewan, from 1987 to 1990. No disease was observed on flax during the 4 yr. Year-to-year variation was more important than tillage systems in explaining the incidence of bacterial leaf spot and foot rot of peas. Tan spot and septoria leaf blotch were the most important foliar diseases of wheat. Disease ratings (0–9) of the leaf spots were greater on winter wheat (average 2.2) than on spring wheat (average 1.9) and also greater on spring wheat following a cereal (average 2.0) than following peas or summer fallow (average 1.7). Hot and dry weather did not enhance development of foliar diseases, and no consistent effects of tillage on leaf disease ratings were observed. However, take-all and common root rot were affected by crop management. Incidence of take-all was greater on winter wheat (8%) than on spring wheat (1%) and also greater on winter wheat under conventional (11%) than minimum (8%) or zero tillage (6%). Severity of common root rot of spring wheat was greater following either spring (24%) or winter wheat (25%) than peas (22%) and summer fallow (15%). The severity of common root rot varied from year to year. In 3 of the 4 years, minimum-till and zero-till reduced the severity of the disease.Key words: Zero till, minimum till, conventional till, crop rotation, disease, spring wheat, winter wheat

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The epidemiology of common root rot in Manitou wheat: disease progression during the growing season

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b74-227 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 52 (7) ◽

pp. 1757-1764 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

P. R. Verma ◽

R. A. A. Morrall ◽

R. D. Tinline

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Plant Development ◽

Root Rot ◽

Growing Season ◽

Cochliobolus Sativus ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Common Root ◽

Common Root Rot ◽

Disease Rating

Common root rot in Triticum aestivum cultivar Manitou caused primarily by Cochliobolus sativus was followed during plant development in 1969, 1970, and 1971 at Matador, Saskatchewan. Plants were sampled at intervals, and three variables based mainly on the occurrence of lesions on subcrown internodes were studied: number of diseased plants per square meter; percentage of diseased plants; and disease rating which integrated percentage of diseased plants and disease severity on each plant. All variables increased with time, and the progression curves in all 3 years were hyperbolic, indicating that the increases were like those of a simple interest disease as described by Van der Plank. In two of the years, almost 100% of the plants were diseased considerably before the end of the season. The transformation proposed by Van der Plank for simple interest diseases, log10[1/(1 − x)], was applied to the percentages of diseased plants, and regressions were calculated. The slopes of these lines (infection rates) were as follows: 1969, 0.99% plants per day; 1970, 1.32%; and 1971, 1.96%. In 1969 the onset of disease was later than in 1970 and 1971, and there was correspondingly less disease at the end of the growing season.

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Effect of imazalil seed treatment on common root rot and grain yields of cereal cultivars

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1080/07060668109501357 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 239-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P.R. Verma ◽

S.H.F. Chinn ◽

W.L. Crowle ◽

D.T. Spurr ◽

R.D. Tinline

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Common Root ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Common Root Rot ◽

Cereal Cultivars

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Antagonistic Strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens XZ34-1 for Controlling Bipolaris sorokiniana and Promoting Growth in Wheat

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10111526 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1526

Author(s):

Yanjie Yi ◽

Youtian Shan ◽

Shifei Liu ◽

Yanhui Yang ◽

Yang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Root Rot ◽

Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Common Root ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Common Root Rot

Common root rot, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, is one of the most prevalent diseases of wheat and has led to major declines in wheat yield and quality worldwide. Here, strain XZ34-1 was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on the morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence. Culture filtrate (CF) of strain XZ34-1 showed a high inhibition rate against B.sorokiniana and had a broad antifungal spectrum. It also remarkably inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of B. sorokiniana. In pot control experiments, the incidence and disease index of common root rot in wheat seedlings were decreased after treatment with CF, and the biological control efficacy was significant, up to 78.24%. Further studies showed XZ34-1 could produce antifungal bioactive substances and had the potential of promoting plant growth. Lipopeptide genes detection with PCR indicated that strain XZ34-1 may produce lipopeptides. Furthermore, activities of defense-related enzymes were enhanced in wheat seedlings after inoculation with B.sorokiniana and treatment with CF, which showed induced resistance could be produced in wheat to resist pathogens. These results reveal that strain XZ34-1 is a promising candidate for application as a biological control agent against B.sorokiniana.

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Genetic Determinants of Wheat Resistance to Common Root Rot (Spot Blotch), Fusarium Crown Rot, and Sharp Eyespot

10.1101/2020.07.30.228932 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jun Su ◽

Jiaojie Zhao ◽

Shuqing Zhao ◽

Mengyu Li ◽

Xiaofeng Shang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Spot Blotch ◽

Crown Rot ◽

Genetic Determinants ◽

Common Root ◽

Fusarium Crown Rot ◽

Common Root Rot ◽

Sharp Eyespot ◽

Root And Crown Rot ◽

Moderate Resistance

Due to the field soil changes, high density planting, and straw-returning methods, wheat common root rot (spot blotch), Fusarium crown rot (FCR), and sharp eyespot have become severe threatens to global wheat productions. Only a few wheat genotypes show moderate resistance to these root and crown rot fungal diseases, and the genetic determinants of wheat resistance to these devastating diseases have been poorly understood. This review summarizes the recent progress of genetic studies on wheat resistance to common root rot, Fusarium crown rot, and sharp eyespot. Wheat germplasms with relative higher resistance are highlighted and genetic loci controlling the resistance to each of the disease are summarized.

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