scholarly journals A computational framework for modeling cell–matrix interactions in soft biological tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas F. Eichinger ◽  
Maximilian J. Grill ◽  
Iman Davoodi Kermani ◽  
Roland C. Aydin ◽  
Wolfgang A. Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Mechanical Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions ◽  
Short Time

AbstractLiving soft tissues appear to promote the development and maintenance of a preferred mechanical state within a defined tolerance around a so-called set point. This phenomenon is often referred to as mechanical homeostasis. In contradiction to the prominent role of mechanical homeostasis in various (patho)physiological processes, its underlying micromechanical mechanisms acting on the level of individual cells and fibers remain poorly understood, especially how these mechanisms on the microscale lead to what we macroscopically call mechanical homeostasis. Here, we present a novel computational framework based on the finite element method that is constructed bottom up, that is, it models key mechanobiological mechanisms such as actin cytoskeleton contraction and molecular clutch behavior of individual cells interacting with a reconstructed three-dimensional extracellular fiber matrix. The framework reproduces many experimental observations regarding mechanical homeostasis on short time scales (hours), in which the deposition and degradation of extracellular matrix can largely be neglected. This model can serve as a systematic tool for future in silico studies of the origin of the numerous still unexplained experimental observations about mechanical homeostasis.

scholarly journals Imaging and Analysis of Cellular Locations in Three-Dimensional Tissue Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren Colomb ◽  
Matthew Osmond ◽  
Charles Durfee ◽  
Melissa D. Krebs ◽  
Susanta K. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions ◽  
Tissue Models ◽  
Alginate Matrix

AbstractThe absence of quantitative in vitro cell–extracellular matrix models represents an important bottleneck for basic research and human health. Randomness of cellular distributions provides an opportunity for the development of a quantitative in vitro model. However, quantification of the randomness of random cell distributions is still lacking. In this paper, we have imaged cellular distributions in an alginate matrix using a multiview light sheet microscope and developed quantification metrics of randomness by modeling it as a Poisson process, a process that has constant probability of occurring in space or time. We imaged fluorescently labeled human mesenchymal stem cells embedded in an alginate matrix of thickness greater than 5 mm with $\sim\! {\rm 2}{\rm. 9} \pm {\rm 0}{\rm. 4}\,\mu {\rm m}$ axial resolution, the mean full width at half maximum of the axial intensity profiles of fluorescent particles. Simulated randomness agrees well with the experiments. Quantification of distributions and validation by simulations will enable quantitative study of cell–matrix interactions in tissue models.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Traction Force Microscopy: A New Tool for Quantifying Cell-Matrix Interactions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e17833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Franck ◽  
Stacey A. Maskarinec ◽  
David A. Tirrell ◽  
Guruswami Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Traction Force Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions

scholarly journals Cell–Matrix Entanglement and Mechanical Anchorage of Fibroblasts in Three-dimensional Collagen Matrices

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 5070-5076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Jiang ◽  
Frederick Grinnell
Keyword(s):  
Tight Binding ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Collagen Matrices ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
3D Collagen ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions

Fibroblast-3D collagen matrix culture provides a physiologically relevant model to study cell–matrix interactions. In tissues, fibroblasts are phagocytic cells, and in culture, they have been shown to ingest both fibronectin and collagen-coated latex particles. Compared with cells on collagen-coated coverslips, phagocytosis of fibronectin-coated beads by fibroblasts in collagen matrices was found to be reduced. This decrease could not be explained by integrin reorganization, tight binding of fibronectin beads to the collagen matrix, or differences in overall bead binding to the cells. Rather, entanglement of cellular dendritic extensions with collagen fibrils seemed to interfere with the ability of the extensions to interact with the beads. Moreover, once these extensions became entangled in the matrix, cells developed an integrin-independent component of adhesion. We suggest that cell–matrix entanglement represents a novel mechanism of cell anchorage that uniquely depends on the three-dimensional character of the matrix.

Three-dimensional cancer models mimic cell-matrix interactions in the tumour microenvironment

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1671-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Herrmann ◽  
J. R. W. Conway ◽  
C. Vennin ◽  
A. Magenau ◽  
W. E. Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions

scholarly journals Modulation of Fibroblast Morphology and Adhesion during Collagen Matrix Remodeling

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3915-3929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Tamariz ◽  
Frederick Grinnell
Keyword(s):  
Wound Repair ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions

When fibroblasts are placed within a three-dimensional collagen matrix, cell locomotion results in translocation of the flexible collagen fibrils of the matrix, a remodeling process that has been implicated in matrix morphogenesis during development and wound repair. In the current experiments, we studied formation and maturation of cell–matrix interactions under conditions in which we could distinguish local from global matrix remodeling. Local remodeling was measured by the movement of collagen-embedded beads towards the cells. Global remodeling was measured by matrix contraction. Our observations show that no direct relationship occurs between protrusion and retraction of cell extensions and collagen matrix remodeling. As fibroblasts globally remodel the collagen matrix, however, their overall morphology changes from dendritic to stellate/bipolar, and cell–matrix interactions mature from punctate to focal adhesion organization. The less well organized sites of cell–matrix interaction are sufficient for translocating collagen fibrils, and focal adhesions only form after a high degree of global remodeling occurs in the presence of growth factors. Rho kinase activity is required for maturation of fibroblast morphology and formation of focal adhesions but not for translocation of collagen fibrils.

scholarly journals Dynamic Endothelial Stalk Cell–Matrix Interactions Regulate Angiogenic Sprout Diameter

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Y. Wang ◽  
Evan H. Jarman ◽  
Daphne Lin ◽  
Brendon M. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stalk Cell ◽  
Sprouting Angiogenesis ◽  
Surrounding Matrix ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions ◽  
Bidirectional Interactions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sufficient Space

Angiogenesis is a complex, multicellular process that involves bidirectional interactions between extracellular matrix (ECM) and collectively invading endothelial cell (EC) sprouts that extend the microvasculature during development, wound healing, and disease processes. While many aspects of angiogenesis have been well studied, the relationship between endothelial sprout morphology and subsequent neovessel function remains relatively unknown. Here, we investigated how various soluble and physical matrix cues that regulate endothelial sprouting speed and proliferation correspond to changes in sprout morphology, namely, sprout stalk diameter. We found that sprout stalk cells utilize a combination of cytoskeletal forces and proteolysis to physically compact and degrade the surrounding matrix, thus creating sufficient space in three-dimensional (3D) ECM for lateral expansion. As increasing sprout diameter precedes lumenization to generate perfusable neovessels, this work highlights how dynamic endothelial stalk cell–ECM interactions promote the generation of functional neovessels during sprouting angiogenesis to provide insight into the design of vascularized, implantable biomaterials.

scholarly journals Advances in multicellular spheroids formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (127) ◽  
pp. 20160877 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Cui ◽  
Y. Hartanto ◽  
H. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Multicellular Spheroids ◽  
Fundamental Building Block ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Cell

Three-dimensional multicellular spheroids (MCSs) have a complex architectural structure, dynamic cell–cell/cell–matrix interactions and bio-mimicking in vivo microenvironment. As a fundamental building block for tissue reconstruction, MCSs have emerged as a powerful tool to narrow down the gap between the in vitro and in vivo model. In this review paper, we discussed the structure and biology of MCSs and detailed fabricating methods. Among these methods, the approach in microfluidics with hydrogel support for MCS formation is promising because it allows essential cell–cell/cell–matrix interactions in a confined space.

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