scholarly journals Host species, age and sex as factors affecting the susceptibility of the African Tephritid fruit fly species, Ceratitis capitata, C. cosyra and C. fasciventris to infection by Metarhizium anisopliae

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dimbi ◽  
N. K. Maniania ◽  
S. A. Lux ◽  
J. M. Mueke
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Diversity of entomopathogenic fungi associated with Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)) in Moroccan Argan forests and nearby area: impact of soil factors on their distribution

BMC Ecology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayoub Hallouti ◽  
Mohamed Ait Hamza ◽  
Abdelaziz Zahidi ◽  
Rachid Ait Hammou ◽  
Rachid Bouharroud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Factors Affecting

Abstract Background Studying the ecology of biocontrol-agents is a prerequisite to effectively control medfly (Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)) with entomopathogenic fungi. In this context, factors affecting the occurrence and distribution of medfly-associated entomopathogenic-fungi were studied. Soil samples (22) were collected from natural and cultivated areas of Souss-region Morocco. Results A total of 260 fungal isolates belonging to 22 species and 10 genera were obtained by using medfly pupae as bait. Medfly-associated fungi were detected in all studied soils and pupae infection percentages ranged from 3.33% to 48%. Two genera, Fusarium and Beauveria were the most frequent with 83 isolates (32%) and 50 isolates (19.23%) respectively. Pathogenicity test of isolated species against medfly pupae showed high mortality rates up to 91% for some strains. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated a strong influence of origin, physical, and chemical properties of soil on the abundance of these fungi. In general, medfly-associated fungi were more abundant in soils with moderate pH (7.5 to 8) having high sand and organic content. High relative humidity negatively influenced the abundance of these fungi. Both factors directly affected the fungal infection percentages in pupae. The response of fungi to these parameters varied among species. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the soils of argan fields and forests were more suitable for the development of medfly-associated fungi than citrus orchards. Conclusions These results guide identifying suitable soils for the effective application of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents. In summary, isolated indigenous strains seem to be a promising option to control C. capitata.

scholarly journals Parasitism of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) on two fruit fly species

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Pacheco Sá ◽  
Clarice Diniz Alvarenga ◽  
Zenobia Cardoso dos Santos ◽  
Maria das Dores da Cruz Souza ◽  
Carlos Gustavo da Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus ◽  
Diachasmimorpha Longicaudata ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
The One ◽  
Chi Square Tests

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to investigate the parasitism of two fruit fly species by different Diachasmimorpha longicaudata strains. Females of two parasitoid strains were reared on Ceratitis capitata or Anastrepha fraterculus that were conditioned in adapted containers. Individual parasitoids were offered 20 larvae for 1 h, using no-choice (20 C. capitata or 20 A. fraterculus) or free-choice (10 of each species) assays. Parasitism was verified by counting scars, and the pupae were classified as non-parasitized (no scars), parasitized (one scar), or superparasitized (multiple scars). Parasitism intensity was compared by evaluating the proportions of non-parasitized, parasitized, and superparasitized larvae. Parasitism intensity and scar frequency were analyzed as functions of host species and parasitoid strain, using chi-square tests. In the non-choice tests, females of both parasitoid strains parasitized the larvae, regardless of host species. However, when the parasitoids had a choice, they preferred to superparasitize A. fraterculus larvae, which are larger than C. capitata larvae. In addition, the female parasitoids parasitized most of the host larvae, regardless of parasitoid strain or host species. However, the frequency of non-parasitized pupae was higher when the offered host species was different from the one in which the parasitoid was reared, and the frequency of superparasitized pupae was higher when the offered host species was the same as the one in which the parasitoid was reared.

scholarly journals Diversity of entomopathogenic fungi associated with Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)) in Moroccan Argan forests and nearby area: impact of soil factors on their distribution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayoub HALLOUTI ◽  
Mohamed AIT HAMZA ◽  
Abdelaziz ZAHIDI ◽  
Rachid AIT HAMMOU ◽  
Rachid BOUHARROUD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Factors Affecting

Abstract Background: Studying the ecology of biocontrol-agents is a prerequisite to effectively control medfly (Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)) with entomopathogenic fungi. In this context, factors affecting the occurrence and distribution of medfly-associated entomopathogenic-fungi were studied. Soil samples (22) were collected from natural and cultivated areas of Souss-region Morocco.Results: A total of 260 fungal isolates belonging to 22 species and 10 genera were obtained by using medfly pupae as bait. Medfly-associated fungi were detected in all studied soils and pupae infection percentages ranged from 3.33% to 48%. Two genera, Fusarium and Beauveria were the most frequent with 83 isolates (32%) and 50 isolates (19.23%) respectively. Pathogenicity test of isolated species against medfly pupae showed high mortality rates up to 91% for some strains. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated a strong influence of origin, physical, and chemical properties of soil on the abundance of these fungi. In general, medfly-associated fungi were more abundant in soils with moderate pH (7.5 to 8) having high sand and organic content. High relative humidity negatively influenced the abundance of these fungi. Both factors directly affected the fungal infection percentages in pupae. The response of fungi to these parameters varied among species. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the soils of argan fields and forests were more suitable for the development of medfly-associated fungi than citrus orchards.Conclusions: These results guide identifying suitable soils for the effective application of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents. In summary, isolated indigenous strains seem to be a promising option to control C. capitata.

scholarly journals Control of Mediterranean Fruit Fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) with the Parasitoid Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in Vineyards

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1400-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Pierre Kapongo ◽  
P.G. Kevan ◽  
J.H. Giliomee
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Poultry Houses

The control of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) has been mostly done with chemical insecticides and some selected natural enemies. However, these control methods are not popular because of the adverse effects of chemical controls and the unreliability of some natural enemies (Spalangia sp. and Pachycrepoideus sp.: Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). The generalist parasitoid, Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), has been used successfully for biological control of the house fly [Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)] pupae in poultry houses. Our study investigated the use of this parasitoid to control C. capitata in a vineyard. Parasitoids were released at rate of 5, 10, and 20 per m2 in a vineyard and in laboratory cages to parasitize pupae of C. capitata and M. domestica, respectively, for 2 days. The number of killed pupae of both host pests increased with the number of released parasitoids in the field. The highest rate of 20 released M. raptor resulted in 23.52% (±0.30 se) killed pupae, respectively, for house fly and fruit fly. M. raptor parasitized indiscriminately host species of pupae and the daily oviposition rate was 4.9 (±0.07 se) eggs per female. The parasitoid laid the same number of eggs as when released in poultry houses for the control of M. domestica. We conclude that M. raptor constitutes a promising biocontrol agent for the control of C. capitata in vineyards.

scholarly journals Diversity of entomopathogenic fungi associated with Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)) in Moroccan Argan forests and nearby area: impact of soil factors on their distribution 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayoub HALLOUTI ◽  
Mohamed AIT HAMZA ◽  
Abdelaziz ZAHIDI ◽  
Rachid AIT HAMMOU ◽  
Rachid BOUHARROUD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Factors Affecting

Abstract Background: Studying the ecology of biocontrol-agents is a prerequisite to effectively control medfly (Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)) with entomopathogenic fungi. In this context, factors affecting the occurrence and distribution of medfly-associated entomopathogenic-fungi were studied. Soil samples (22) were collected from natural and cultivated areas of Souss-region Morocco. Results: A total of 260 fungal isolates belonging to 22 species and 10 genera were obtained by using medfly pupae as bait. Medfly-associated fungi were detected in all studied soils and pupae infection percentages ranged from 3.33% to 48%. Two genera, Fusarium and Beauveria were the most frequent with 83 isolates (32%) and 50 isolates (19.23%) respectively. Pathogenicity test of isolated species against medfly pupae showed high mortality rates up to 91% for some strains. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated a strong influence of origin, physical, and chemical properties of soil on the abundance of these fungi. In general, medfly-associated fungi were more abundant in soils with moderate pH (7.5 to 8) having high sand and organic content. High relative humidity negatively influenced the abundance of these fungi. Both factors directly affected the fungal infection percentages in pupae. The response of fungi to these parameters varied among species. According to principal component analysis (PCA), the soils of argan fields and forests were more suitable for the development of medfly-associated fungi than citrus orchards. Conclusions: These results guide identifying suitable soils for the effective application of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents. In summary, isolated indigenous strains seem to be a promising option to control C. capitata.

Effectiveness of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Against Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Pupae and Nematode Compatibility with Chemical Insecticides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maguintontz Cedney Jean-Baptiste ◽  
Andressa Lima de Brida ◽  
Daniel Bernardi ◽  
Sérgio da Costa Dias ◽  
Juliano de Bastos Pazini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Pupal Mortality

Abstract The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is among the main pests of fruit crops worldwide. Biological control using entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) may be an alternative to suppress populations of this pest. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pathogenicity and virulence of six EPN isolates (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HB, H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47, and S. brazilense IBCB-n06) against C. capitata pupae. The compatibility of EPNs with different chemical insecticides that are registered for management of C. capitata was also assessed. Isolates of H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06 at a concentration of 1,000 infective juveniles (IJ)/ml proved to be most pathogenic to C. capitata (70 and 80% mortality, respectively). In contrast, the isolates H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47 provided pupal mortality of less than 60%. Bioassays to determine lethal concentrations indicated that concentrations of 600 IJ/ml (H. bacteriophora HB) and 1,000 IJ/ml (S. brazilense IBCB-n06) showed the highest virulence against C. capitata pupae. In contrast, the highest numbers of IJs emerged at concentrations of 1,200 and 200 IJ/ml. In compatibility bioassays, malathion, spinetoram, phosmet, acetamiprid, and novaluron were considered compatible with and harmless (Class 1) to H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06, according to IOBC/WPRS. This information is important for implementing integrated management programs for C. capitata, using biological control with EPNs, whether alone or in combination with chemical insecticides.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of medfly populations in an area of sterile insect technique applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Sancho ◽  
Ana Guillem-Amat ◽  
Elena López-Errasquín ◽  
Lucas Sánchez ◽  
Félix Ortego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Genetic Sexing ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Genetic Sexing Strains

AbstractThe sterile insect technique (SIT) is widely used in integrated pest management programs for the control of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata. The genetic interactions between the released individuals from the genetic sexing strains (GSS), used for SIT applications worldwide, and wild individuals have not been studied. Under the hypothesis that a number of Vienna GSS individuals released to the field might not be completely sterile and may produce viable offspring, we have analyzed medfly Spanish field populations to evaluate the presence of Vienna strain genetic markers. To this goal, we have used contrasted nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers, and two novel sets of nuclear polymorphisms with the potential to be markers to discriminate between Vienna and wild individuals. Nuclear Vienna markers located on the 5th chromosome of Vienna males have been found in 2.2% (19 from 875) of the Spanish wild medfly females captured at the area where SIT is applied. In addition, a female-inherited mitochondrial Vienna marker has been found in two from the 19 females showing nuclear Vienna markers. The detection of several of these markers in single individuals represents evidence of the introgression of Vienna strain into natural populations. However, alternative explanations as their presence at low frequency in wild populations in the studied areas cannot be fully discarded. The undesired release of non-fully sterile irradiated GSS individuals into the field and their interactions with wild flies, and the potential environmental implications should be taken into account in the application of the SIT.

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