Isolation and identification of entomopathogenic fungi and their evaluation against Tribolium confusum, Sitophilus zeamais, and Rhyzopertha dominica in stored maize

The present research is aimed at a formulation of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Bal.) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metch.) Sorokin, in two types of diatomaceous earth dusts, fossil shield and Silico-Sec, are then applied against the adults of three species of stored-grain insects: Sitophilus oryzae L., Rhyzopertha dominica Fab. and Tribolium castaneum Herbs. Effect of the treatment was assessed by comparing the mortality percentage of the adults of the three insect species exposed to the formulated fungi with that of the adults exposed to the unformulated fungi or the diatomaceous earth dusts or the undisturbed control. Results obtained from these exposures have indicated that treatment of the adults with the formulated fungi resulted in a significantly higher mean mortality percentage compared to the treatment with the unformulated fungi or the diatomaceous earth dusts or the undisturbed control. A synergistic interaction between the effect of fungal species and the diatomaceous earth dusts was shown. Viability of conidia of both fungal species in diatomaceous earth dusts was assessed by calculating the germination percentage of the conidia over time. Results indicated a small loss of mean germination percentage for formulated conidia of both fungal species versus a high loss of mean germination percentage for the unformulated conidia, thus the diatomaceous earth dusts used in the formulation of both fungi demonstrated a negligible effect on the viability of formulated conidia compared to the unformulated.

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The isolation and identification of pathogenic fungus from the diseased Tessaratomapapillosa Drury (Hemiptera: Tessaratomidae) and their pathogenicity

10.7287/peerj.preprints.2851v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Xiang Meng ◽

Junjie Hu ◽

Gecheng Ouyang

Keyword(s):

Beauveria Bassiana ◽

Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽

Southern China ◽

Pathogenic Fungus ◽

Lethal Effect ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Lc50 Value ◽

Rdna Its ◽

Major Pest

Background. Litchi stink-bug, Tessaratoma papillosa Drury (Hemiptera: Tessaratomidae) is a major pest on litchi and longan in Southern China. It is urgent to develop valid biological agent for control the pest and improve IPM strategy on orchard farming. Entomopathogenic fungi was regarded as avital ecological factor pressing pest populations in field, however, there were fewer searches conducted on entomopathogenic fungi against litchi stink-bug. Methods & Results. In this study, two pathogenic fungus were isolated from the adult diseased T. papillosa by normal methods and rDNA-ITS homogeneous analysis, they are identified as Paecilomyces lilacinus and Beauveria bassiana. Laboratory tests showed that the two entomopathogenic fungi both had a good lethal effect to young nymph and old nymph of T. papillosa. The toxicity determination showed that the LC50 value for Beauveria bassiana was higher than P. lilacinus. Conclusion.These pathogenic fungus did not have the risk of pollution or residue, and they can be a alternative option for integrated pest management approache.

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Resíduos de fenitrotion e esfenvalerato em grãos de milho e trigo, em alguns de seus produtos processados e sua ação residual sobre Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763), Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.,1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) e Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabr.,1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

10.11606/t.11.2006.tde-06022007-161154 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Javier Alberto-Vásquez Castro

Keyword(s):

Sitophilus Oryzae ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

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The Effective Insecticidal Activity of the two Extracts Ethyl Acetate and Hexan of Trichilia gilgiana against Sitophilus zeamaïs

International Journal of Biology ◽

10.5539/ijb.v8n2p23 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aba-Toumnou Lucie ◽

Wango Solange Patricia ◽

Kosh-Komba Ephrem ◽

Namkosséréna Salomon ◽

Bolevane-Ouatinam Serge Florent ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Pest Management ◽

Insecticidal Activity ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Measured Variable ◽

Botanical Pesticides ◽

Critical Constraints

Post-harvest losses are recognized to be one of the critical constraints upon food security among farmers of poor resource in Africa.The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce multiple side-effects on human health and environment. Insecticidal activity of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of bark of Trichilia gilgiana was tested on Sitophilus zeamaïs, Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica. The mortality rate was measured variable. The results of analysis showed that the mortality rate has a very highly significant variation following extracts, doses, insects and time considered (P < 0.001). Extracts with ethyl acetate and hexane of Trichilia gilgiana are effective against S. zeamais at the highest doses (1 g/ 10 mL and 0.5 g/10 mL of solvent). These effective extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecules such as 2-Oxazalidone; thiocyanic acid; Methanethioamide, N,N-dimethyl; 2-Coumaranone and other were characterizated. These results may consolidate traditional use of Trichilia gilgiana in pest management.

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Products derived from the leaves of Ocimum kilimandscharicum (Labiatae) as post-harvest grain protectants against the infestation of three major stored product insect pests

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300036099 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 361-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

B. Jembere ◽

D. Obeng-Ofori ◽

A. Hassanali ◽

G.N.N Nyamasyo

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Feeding Activity ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Adult Survival ◽

Sitotroga Cerealella ◽

Pest Species ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Oil Extract

AbstractThe bioactivity of materials from the leaves of Ocimum kilimandscharicum was tested against Sitophilus zeamais Mots chulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in maize and sorghum grains in the laboratory. Exposure of adults of the three insect species to dried ground leaves and essential oil extract of O. kilimandscharicum induced 100% mortality after 48 h. Fresh and dried whole leaves were not toxic to Sitophilus zeamais or R. dominica. Grains treated with dried ground leaves and essential oil extract caused significant reductions in the number of progeny and survival rate of all three pest species tested. There was no adult survival or progeny production in grains treated separately with each of the two materials at doses of 25.0 g (dried ground leaves) and 0.3 g (essential oil) per 250 g of grain, respectively. Unlike R. dominica and Sitotroga cerealella, grains treated with fresh leaves enhanced the feeding activity of Sitophilus zeamais. Ground leaves and the essential oil, however, protected the grains against feeding by all three species, resulting in lower weight loss and number of damaged seeds compared with untreated grains. All the plant materials were repellent to S. zeamais with the essential oil extract applied at 0.3 g/250 g of grain evoking the highest repellent action. There was, however, considerable variation in the repellency of the materials against R. dominica and Sitotroga cerealella. The results are discussed in terms of the efficacy of O. kilimandscharicum for protection against loss due to insects in traditional grain storage in developing countries.

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