scholarly journals The Effective Insecticidal Activity of the two Extracts Ethyl Acetate and Hexan of Trichilia gilgiana against Sitophilus zeamaïs

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aba-Toumnou Lucie ◽  
Wango Solange Patricia ◽  
Kosh-Komba Ephrem ◽  
Namkosséréna Salomon ◽  
Bolevane-Ouatinam Serge Florent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Measured Variable ◽  
Botanical Pesticides ◽  
Critical Constraints

<p class="1Body">Post-harvest losses are recognized to be one of the critical constraints upon food security among farmers of poor resource in Africa.The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce multiple side-effects on human health and environment. Insecticidal activity of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of bark of <em>Trichilia gilgiana</em> was tested on <em>Sitophilus zeamaïs</em>, <em>Tribolium castaneum </em>and <em>Rhyzopertha dominica</em>. The mortality rate was measured variable. The results of analysis showed that the mortality rate has a very highly significant variation following extracts, doses, insects and time considered (<em>P </em>&lt; 0.001). Extracts with ethyl acetate and hexane of <em>Trichilia gilgiana</em> are effective against <em>S. zeamais </em>at the highest doses (1 g/ 10 mL and 0.5 g/10 mL of solvent). These effective extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecules such as 2-Oxazalidone; thiocyanic acid; Methanethioamide, N,N-dimethyl; 2-Coumaranone and other were characterizated. These results may consolidate traditional use of <em>Trichilia gilgiana</em> in pest management<em>.</em></p>

scholarly journals Larvicidal, leishmanicidal, insecticidal and anthelmintic effects of Sterculia diversifolia stem bark and leaf

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazle Rabbi ◽  
Amir Zada ◽  
Amna Nisar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Full Screen

The present study was conducted to evaluate the stem bark and leaf of Sterculia diversifolia for larvicidal, leishmanicidal, insecticidal and anthelmintic activities. In the larvicidal activity, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions of both stem bark and leaf showed significant results, while the ethyl acetate fraction showed mild activity (IC50: 70.09 ± 0.09 μg/mL; 71.25 ± 0.01 μg/mL). In the insecticidal activity of the stem bark, n-hexane fraction showed mild activity (20-40% mortality) against all three subjects, while the insecticidal activity of leaf, methanolic extract and n-hexane fractions showed moderate activity (60% mortality) against Rhyzopertha dominica and Callosobruchus analis. In the anthelmintic activity of stem bark and leaf, ethyl acetate fraction exhibited activity in a dose-dependent manner giving time of paralysis and death shorter followed by dichloromethane fraction with 200 mg/mL concentration. Hence, it is clear that S. diversifolia stem bark and leaf possess larvicidal, leishmanicidal, insecticidal and anthelmintic agents. Video Clip of Methodology: Anthelmintic Activity: 5 min 29 sec:  Full Screen   Alternate  

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Northeast Algerian Marrubium vulgare

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S119-S129
Author(s):  
I. Namoune ◽  
B. Khettal ◽  
A.M. Assaf ◽  
S. Elhayek ◽  
L. Arrar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae) is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat many illnesses from ancient times. Its beneficial effects include antibacterial, antioedematogenic, and analgesic activities. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of organic and aqueous extracts of the leaves, the flowers, the stems, and the roots of Marrubium vulgare. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts have been investigated by using different in-vitro methods. It was found that the ethyl acetate extract from Marrubium vulgare stems had the highest total phenolic content, while the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves yielded a high concentration of flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract from the stems exhibited the highest activity in scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as in protecting erythrocytes. The leaves aqueous extract exhibited the highest ferrous chelating activity and its methanolic extract was found to be the strongest inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in β-carotene bleaching assay. The leaves chloroform extracts as well as the flowers methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were found to decrease the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, the flowers methanolic extract and the leaves methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts decreased the interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β) release. It was also found that the methanol extract from the flowers and the chloroform extract from the stems of Marrubium vulgare inhibited interleukin-8 (IL-8) release. This study provides a scientific basis for the traditional use of Marrubium vulgare as an anti-inflammatory agent and for the plant to be considered as an important resource of natural antioxidants.

Insecticidal activity of the ether extract from the lichen Ramalina complanata and an isolated metabolite (divaricatic acid) against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 102049
Author(s):  
André Severino da Silva ◽  
Camila Soledade de Lira Pimentel ◽  
Fábio Henrique Galdino dos Santos ◽  
Hallysson Douglas Andrade de Araújo ◽  
Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Ether Extract

scholarly journals Insecticidal and repellent activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) and Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J Presl. var. hosyo (Hon-Sho) on Sitophilus zeamaisMots. (Coleoptera, Curculionedae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. CANSIAN ◽  
V. ASTOLFI ◽  
R.I. CARDOSO ◽  
N. PAROUL ◽  
S.S. ROMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
Lethal Doses ◽  
Repellency Activity

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal and repellency activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) and Cinnamomumcamphora (L.) J Presl.var. hosyo (Hon-Sho), against the Sitophilus zeamais in maize grains. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS.The insecticidal activity was determined by the toxicity of different concentrations of essential oils during 24 hours of contact with the insects, in the absence of feed substrate. The Bioassays of repellency were conducted with lethal doses (LD50,LD25,and LD12.5) obtained from insecticidal bioassay. In order to compare the treatments the preference index (PI) was employed. The analysis of the essential oils of Cinnamomum camphora leaves indicated 68% of camphor and 9% of linalool for the variation Hon-Sho and 95% of linalool to the variation Ho-Sho. The variation Ho-Sho presented greatest insecticidal activity than the variation Hon-Sho against the Sitophiluszeamais, with LD50 of 0.35 μL/cm2, whereas in the variation Hon-Sho the ratewas 0.48 μL/cm2. However, considering only the concentrations of linalool and camphor of Ho-Sho and Hon-Sho, the lethal doses’ evaluation of these compounds were similar. The values of the preference index ranged from -0.3 to -0.8 for thevariation Ho-Sho and -0.2 to -0.7 for the variation Hon-Sho. The essential oils evaluated in this work showed repellent activity against Sitophiluszeamais in vitro and in trials performed in mini-silos.

scholarly journals Prospects of botanical pesticides for the future in pest management.

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
hala mahfouz ◽  
Mawahab Mahmoud ◽  
Rasha Essam
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Botanical Pesticides ◽  
The Future

Exploring cytotoxic and antioxidant properties of Heliotropium calcareum in polar and non-polar extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Uzair ◽  
Faisal Rashid ◽  
Hamid Saeed Shah ◽  
Jamshed Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Cell Cycle Analysis ◽  
G1 Phase ◽  
Traditional Use

Background: Plants are a vital source of natural drugs as the traditional use of plants as therapeutic agents for a variety of ailments has been traced back to thousands of years. The utilization of Heliotropium calcareum has been evident since ancient times for treating various disease states like inflammation associated with gout and rheumatism, poisonous bites, and other skin disorders. The current research work was carried out to determine the phytochemistry and biological activities of the crude methanolic extract obtained through maceration from the aerial parts of Heliotropium calcareum. Methods: The plant was collected from district Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan. Maximum phenolic (74.5 µg GAE/mg) and flavonoid content (58.99 µg QE/mg) were observed in ethyl acetate fraction. Significant antioxidant potential was observed in ethyl acetate fraction with the highest free radical hunting activity of 92.6 ± 6.7 µM. Results: Cytotoxicity assay using MTT dye was performed where non-polar (n-hexane) and polar (ethyl acetate) fractions displayed excellent cytotoxicity against HeLa cells (IC50 = 79.95 ± 3.718 & 164 ± 4 µg/mL respectively). Furthermore, the above fractions showed momentous results in cell cycle analysis and promising proapoptotic effect against cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. An n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction were selected for cell cycle analysis to determine the quantitative measurement of the degree of apoptosis. According to the results given below in the figure, the cervical (HeLa) cancer cells were treated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions at various concentrations. An increase in the cell population at G0/G1 phase and a decrease in the S-phase population concerning untreated cells suggested the G0/G1 phase arrest in n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions treated HeLa cells. Conclusion: Overall, , n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions were found to be the most promising and active elements of H. calcareum and may be utilized to explore their cytotoxic effects further in the animal model.

Molecular Identification And Insecticidal Activity of Albifimbria Verrucaria Isolated from Cucurbit Plants And Soil in Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Lazgeen Haji Assaf
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
Myrothecium Verrucaria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Albifimbria (=Myrothecium) verrucaria (Alb. & Schwein.) L. Lombard & Crous. has been involved as promising bio-pesticides for wide range of weeds and nematodes. Furthermore, has a promising insecticidal activity because of its ability to produce many enzymes as lipase, protease and kinase that have the ability to degrading the cuticles of insects. Seven isolates of A. verrucaria were isolated from cucurbit plants and the soil. The identification was based on molecular (ITS-rDNA) and morphological analyses. Laboratory bioassays to evaluate the insecticidal activity of A. verrucaria (cgh-38) against different stages of squash beetle, Epilachna chrysomelina (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were conducted. Three days post treatment, 87.5% mortality rate was obtained when the 1st instar larvae treated, compared to 31.45 for 4th instar larvae. The highest mortality percent was 25 % for adults after 9 days of treatment.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the essential oils of Crateva Adansonii dc. Leaf on Sitophilus Zeamais and Callosobrunchus Maculatus

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
N. O Sanyaolu ◽  
E. B Agboyinu ◽  
S. T Yussuf ◽  
O. I. Sonde ◽  
O. N Avoseh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais

scholarly journals A preliminary study on the antimicrobial activities and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala G. Baker seeds

Bio-Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1094-1102
Author(s):  
UF Babaiwa ◽  
SO Eraga ◽  
EO Ojugo ◽  
O Erharuyi ◽  
JO Akerele
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Dennettia Tripetala

The study investigated the antimicrobial properties and the chemical composition of ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala (pepper fruit) seeds. Crude extract obtained by maceration of pulverized seeds in ethyl acetate was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger using standard agar-well diffusion method. GC-MS method was used to determine the chemical constituents of the extract. The extract was oily, yellowish-brown with a yield of 1.66 % and had activity against most of the test microorganisms, with inhibition zone diameters ranging between 10 to 25 mm. About 41 chemical constituents were present in the extract with formic acid methyl esters and fatty acids accounting for 57.23 and 18.49 % respectively. Ethyl acetate extract of Dennettia tripetala seeds possessed antimicrobial activity against bacteria but not fungi. The observed activity may be due to the presence of formic and fatty acid esters in the seed. The study further established a scientific proof for the traditional use of Dennettia tripetala seed extracts in treating microbial infections.  

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