Computational Tools for the Reliability Assessment and the Engineering Design of Procedures and Devices in Bariatric Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 2466-2483 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Salmaso ◽  
I. Toniolo ◽  
C. G. Fontanella ◽  
P. Da Roit ◽  
A. Albanese ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Xudong Zhang ◽  
Hong-Zhong Huang ◽  
Shengkui Zeng ◽  
Zhili Wang

Reliability Based Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (RBMDO) has received increasing attention to reach high reliability and safety in complex and coupled systems. In early design of such systems, however, information is often not sufficient to construct the precise probabilistic distributions required by the RBMDO and consequently RBMDO can not be carried out effectively. The present work proposes a method of Possibility Based Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (PBMDO) within the framework of the Sequential Optimization and Reliability Assessment (PBMDO-SORA). The proposed method enables designers to solve MDO problems without sufficient information on the uncertainties associated with variables, and also to efficiently decrease the computational demand. The efficiency of the proposed method is illustrated with an engineering design.


Author(s):  
GEORGE A. BOHORIS

In this paper a new generalization of the Wilcoxon test is proposed for the comparative reliability evaluation of alternative engineering designs. Using Monte Carlo simulations the performance of the new test is assessed against the results provided by four other two-sample tests for censored reliability data, i.e., the Gehan-Wilcoxon, Peto-Prentice, Logrank and modified Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. The results of the simulations suggest that the Wilcoxon alternatives based on weight functions that are reliability function estimates, such as the Peto-Prentice and the Bohoris-Wilcoxon, are the most preferable for routine use.


Author(s):  
K. L. Wood ◽  
E. K. Antonsson

Abstract The primary goal of this research is to provide computational tools, or aids, to engineering designers, particularly for the preliminary phase of design. Such aids will be particularly useful in choosing between alternative technologies. Design choices of this nature are perhaps the most critical, and likely to be the most costly if in error. Our approach has been to aid preliminary design decisions with analysis tools developed for computations on imprecise parameters. Contemporary computers and algorithms are not well suited for manipulating imprecise descriptions of objects. To provide these basic tools, we are applying the mathematics of fuzzy sets. This approach (along with “data-driven programming”) appears to be well suited to our problem and has been applied to similar problems in analyzing civil engineering structures and failures.


Author(s):  
Zhaofeng Huang ◽  
Yan Jin

Bayesian reliability analysis (BRA) technique has been actively used in reliability assessment for engineered systems. However, there are two key controversies surrounding the BRA, that is, the reasonableness of the prior, and the consistency among all data sets. These issues have been debated in Bayesian analysis for many years, and as we observed, they have not been resolved satisfactorily. These controversies have seriously hindered the applications of BRA as a useful reliability analysis tool to support engineering design. In this paper, a Bayesian reliability analysis methodology with a prior and data validation and adjustment scheme (PDVAS) is developed to address these issues. In order to do that, a consistency measure is defined first that judges the level of consistency among all data sets including the prior. The consistency measure is then used to adjust either the prior or the data or both to the extent that the prior and the data are statistically consistent. This prior and data validation and adjustment scheme is developed for Binomial sampling with Beta prior, called Beta-Binomial Bayesian model. The properties of the scheme are presented and discussed. Various forms of the adjustment formulas are shown and a selection framework of a specific formula, based on engineering design and analysis knowledge, is established. Several illustrative examples are presented which show the reasonableness, effectiveness and usefulness of PDVAS. General discussion of the scheme is offered to enhance the Bayesian Reliability Analysis in engineering design for reliability assessment.


Author(s):  
Briana Lucero ◽  
Peter Ngo ◽  
Julie Linsey ◽  
Cameron J. Turner

Computational tools for aiding design-by-analogy have so far focused on function- and keyword-based retrieval of analogues. Given the critical role of performance and benchmarking in design, there is a need for performance metrics-driven analogy retrieval that is currently unmet. Towards meeting this need, a study has been done to investigate and propose frameworks for organizing the myriad technical performance metrics in engineering design, such as measures of efficiency. Such organizational frameworks are needed for the implementation of a computational tool which can retrieve relevant analogies using performance metrics. The study, which takes a deductive approach, defines a hierarchical taxonomy of performance metrics akin to the functional basis vocabulary of function and flow terms. Its derivation follows from bond graphs, control theory, and Design for X guidelines.


Author(s):  
Kevin Schmaltz ◽  
Christopher Moore ◽  
Joel Lenoir

The Mechanical Engineering faculty at Western Kentucky University have developed and implemented a Professional Plan to assure that graduates of the program have experienced key areas of the engineering profession and demonstrated their abilities to perform in a professional manner. The Professional Components within the plan include Engineering Design, Professional Communications, Professional Tools and Engineering Ethics; students receive instruction in at least one course per academic year and are expected to develop within each component. This paper will detail the Professional Tools component, which provides students with computational design tools and prototype realization skills supporting the Engineering Design demands placed on them. Computational tools include software for traditional communication and data processing, solid modeling and analysis, engineering computation and project management. Prototype realization skills encompass the typical metal machining operations necessary to create a functioning reciprocating air-powered engine and activities required for electro-mechanical device construction and testing. Higher level prototyping skills, such as rapid prototyping and CNC machining, are presented to students who can choose to become proficient with these activities or can engage other trained students to assist with their design project needs. The foundation of the four-year Professional Plan is centered on engineering design and problem solving. By exposing freshmen to hands-on projects, sophomores to design-analyze-and-build internal projects, and juniors to team-based prototype realization and external projects, a meaningful senior capstone design sequence involving external customers can validate and refine professional competencies of graduates, rather than introducing students to project activities. Professional tools instruction is interwoven with the other Professional Component instruction. While prototyping training is structured to provide a safe and efficient environment for the students at all times, computational tools are sometimes introduced as required for a project, and at other times well before needed for projects. Refinement to the Professional Plan has been guided by ongoing assessment, which is performed at course level at the end of a semester, and through program outcome assessment reviewed on an annual basis. The paper will detail the Western Kentucky University Professional Tools component of the overall Professional Plan, which provides a framework developing necessary student competencies, building upon previous coursework, assessing student progress, and adjusting course coverage based on prior assessments to assure that departing graduates will be capable of immediately contribute in their professional careers.


Author(s):  
STEVEN J. FENVES

The article is an extended version of the verbal summary presented at the concluding lunch of the workshop on “Computing Futures in Engineering Design.” In the paper, the first person is used to differentiate my observations or reactions from the summaries of the speakers' presentations. The common themes that emerge during the workshop are: the need to set the discipline-specific context before computational tools are used; the incompatibilities between point tools that hinder their use; the paramount importance of teamwork; and the need to understand and treat design as a social process.


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