Higher phylogenetic diversity prevents loss of functional diversity caused by successive drying and rewetting cycles

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Bononi ◽  
Rodrigo Gouvêa Taketani ◽  
Danilo Tosta Souza ◽  
Marta Alves Moitinho ◽  
Vanessa Nessner Kavamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Drying And Rewetting

scholarly journals Agricultural extensification enhances functional diversity but not phylogenetic diversity in Mediterranean olive groves: A case study with ant and bird communities

2022 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 107708
Author(s):  
Vicente García-Navas ◽  
Carlos Martínez-Núñez ◽  
Rubén Tarifa ◽  
Antonio J. Manzaneda ◽  
Francisco Valera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
Agricultural Extensification

scholarly journals Composition, richness and nestedness of gallery forest bird assemblages in an Amazonian savanna landscape: lessons for conservation

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12529
Author(s):  
Joandro Pandilha ◽  
José Júlio de Toledo ◽  
Luis Cláudio Fernandes Barbosa ◽  
William Douglas Carvalho ◽  
Jackson Cleiton de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Species Assemblages ◽  
Gallery Forest ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Bird Assemblages ◽  
Forest Bird ◽  
Gallery Forests

Gallery forests are important to the maintenance of a substantial portion of the biodiversity in neotropical savanna regions, but management guidelines specific to this forest type are limited. Here, we use birds as study group to assess if: (1) functional traits can predict the abundance and occupancy of forest species within a savanna landscape, (2) habitat structures influence the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of forest assemblages, and (3) less diverse gallery forest assemblages are a nested subset of more diverse assemblages living near continuous forests. Then, we propose strategies on how gallery forests can be managed to maintain their species assemblages amidst the fast expansion of human activities across tropical savanna landscapes. We studied 26 sites of gallery forests in an Amazonian savanna landscape and found that: (1) habitat specificity is the only functional trait that predicts species abundance and occupancy across a landscape; (2) phylogenetic diversity is negatively correlated with understory foliage density; (3) the percentage of forests and savannas around sites is positively correlated with both phylogenetic and functional diversity; (4) increasing human activities around gallery forest negatively influences taxonomic and functional diversity; and (5) forest bird assemblages are not distributed at random across the landscape but show a nested pattern caused by selective colonization mediated by habitat filtering. Our combined findings have three implications for the design of conservation strategies for gallery forest bird assemblages. First, maintaining the connectivity between gallery forests and adjacent continuous forests is essential because gallery forest bird assemblages are derived from continuous forest species assemblages. Second, because most species use the savanna matrix to move across the landscape, effectively managing the savanna matrices where gallery forests are embedded is as important to maintaining viable populations of forest bird species as managing the gallery forest themselves. Third, in savanna landscapes planned to be used for agriculture production, protecting gallery forests alone is not enough. Instead, gallery forests should be protected with surrounding savanna buffers to avoid the detrimental effects (edge effects and isolation) of human activities on their biodiversity.

scholarly journals Reply to: “Global conservation of phylogenetic diversity captures more than just functional diversity”

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Mazel ◽  
Matthew W. Pennell ◽  
Marc W. Cadotte ◽  
Sandra Diaz ◽  
Giulio Valentino Dalla Riva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Global Conservation

scholarly journals Plant Diversity and Agroecosystem Function in Riparian Agroforests: Providing Ecosystem Services and Land-Use Transition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serra W. Buchanan ◽  
Megan Baskerville ◽  
Maren Oelbermann ◽  
Andrew M. Gordon ◽  
Naresh V. Thevathasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
Riparian Systems ◽  
Functionally Diverse ◽  
Herbaceous Community

Achieving biologically diverse agricultural systems requires a commitment to changes in land use. While in-field agrobiodiversity is a critical route to such a transition, riparian systems remain an important, yet understudied, pathway to achieve key diversity and ecosystem services and targets. Notably, at the interface of agricultural landscapes and aquatic systems, the diversification of riparian buffers with trees reduces the non-point source pollution in waterways. However, in riparian agroforestry systems, little is known about herbaceous community patterns and, importantly, the herbaceous community’s role in governing carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. Our study investigated herbaceous community taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity patterns in riparian (i) grasslands (GRASSLAND), (ii) rehabilitated agroforests (AGROFOREST-REHAB), and (iii) remnant forests (AGROFOREST-NATURAL). We then determined the biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships between community functional diversity metrics, C and N cycling, and greenhouse gas fluxes. We observed significant differences in taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity among riparian buffer types. We found that herbaceous plant communities in riparian agroforestry systems expressed plant trait syndromes associated with fast-growing, resource acquiring strategies, while grassland buffer plants exhibited slow-growing, resource conserving strategies. Herbaceous communities with high functional diversity and resource acquiring trait syndromes, such as those in the agroforestry riparian systems, were significantly correlated with lower rates of soil CO2 efflux and N mineralization, both of which are key fluxes related to ecosystem service delivery. Our findings provide further evidence that functionally diverse, and not necessarily taxonomically diverse, plant communities are strongly correlated to positive ecosystem processes in riparian agroforestry systems, and that these communities contribute to the transition of agricultural lands toward biologically and functionally diverse landscapes.

scholarly journals Combining taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity reveals new global priority areas for tetrapod conservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Tordoni ◽  
Aurèle Toussaint ◽  
Meelis Pärtel ◽  
David Nogues-Bravo ◽  
Carlos Perez Carmona
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Information ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Climate Stability ◽  
Global Priority ◽  
Sixth Mass Extinction

We are in the midst of a sixth mass extinction but little is known about the global patterns of biodiversity when accounting for taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional information. Here, we present the first integrated analysis of global variation in taxonomic, functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity of more than 17,000 tetrapod species (terrestrial mammals, amphibians, reptiles and birds). We used a new metric (z-Diversity) able to synthetize taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic information across different sets of species to provide a comprehensive estimation of biodiversity. Our analyses reveal that hotspots of tetrapod diversity are clustered in specific regions of the world such as central Africa and the Indian peninsula, and that climate stability and energy availability have an overarching importance in explaining tetrapod spatial patterns. Future research might take advantage of these methods to perform an informed prioritization of protected areas.

scholarly journals Functional diversity is more sensitive to biotic filters than phylogenetic diversity during community assembly

Ecosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e02164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed I. Khalil ◽  
David J. Gibson ◽  
Sara G. Baer ◽  
Jason E. Willand
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity

Is phylogenetic diversity a good proxy for functional diversity of plant communities? A case study from urban habitats

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1036-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeňka Lososová ◽  
Natálie Čeplová ◽  
Milan Chytrý ◽  
Lubomír Tichý ◽  
Jiří Danihelka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Urban Habitats ◽  
Good Proxy

scholarly journals Patch size and vegetation structure drive changes to mixed-species flock diversity and composition across a gradient of fragment sizes in the Western Andes of Colombia

The Condor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison H Jones ◽  
Scott K Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Patch Size ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Functional And Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Metrics

Abstract Forest fragmentation is a leading driver of biodiversity loss, yet its effects on positive species interactions remain poorly known. We examined the effects of fragmentation on mixed-species bird flocks in the Western Andes of Colombia. Using 500-m transect surveys (n = 14 transects), we sampled flocks in 8 fragments (range: 10–173 ha) and an unfragmented reference site within the same altitudinal band (1,900–2,200 m.a.s.l.) and matrix type (cattle pasture). We evaluated the relative contributions of 9 predictor variables, including patch size, distance from edge, and selective aspects of vegetation structure on the composition, size, species richness, functional diversity, and phylogenetic diversity of flocks. We found effects of both patch size and vegetation structure on flock species richness, size, and functional diversity, but no support for edge effects. Generally, flock richness and size responded differently to fragmentation than did functional and phylogenetic diversity metrics. Both flock size and richness increased with patch size, but this variable had no effect on functional and phylogenetic diversity. Flock richness and size increased in high-canopy forests with greater foliage height diversity, whereas unlogged, old-growth primary forests with large-diameter trees had lower flock richness and size, but significantly greater functional diversity. Phylogenetic diversity was not affected by patch size, edge effects, or vegetation structure. We found differences in flock composition in response to fragmentation. Richness of Furnariidae in flocks increased with increasing distance from edge and foliage height diversity, whereas that of Thraupidae and boreal migrant species increased in early successional and forest edge flocks, respectively. All flock diversity metrics differed significantly seasonally, with smaller, less diverse flocks observed in January–March than in June–August. Flocking behavior persisted in 10-ha fragments, likely because Andean flocks are “open membership” in nature, but there was extensive species turnover as forest edge and generalist species replaced forest-interior species in smaller fragments.

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