Maricaulis alexandrii sp. nov., a novel active bioflocculants-bearing and dimorphic prosthecate bacterium isolated from marine phycosphere

A Gram-negative, aerobic, heterotrophic, non-pigmented, dimorphic prosthecate bacterium was isolated from tundra wetland soil and designated strain Z-0023T. Cells of this strain had a dimorphic life cycle and developed a non-adhesive stalk at a site not coincident with the centre of the cell pole, a characteristic typical of representatives of the genus Asticcacaulis. A highly distinctive feature of cells of strain Z-0023T was the presence of a conical, bell-shaped sheath when grown at low temperature. This prosthecate bacterium was a psychrotolerant, moderately acidophilic organism capable of growth between 4 and 28 °C (optimum 15–20 °C) and between pH 4.5 and 8.0 (optimum 5.6–6.0). The major phospholipid fatty acid was 18 : 1ω7c and the major phospholipids were phosphatidylglycerols. The G+C content of the DNA was 60.4 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain Z-0023T was most closely related to Asticcacaulis biprosthecium (98 % similarity), Asticcacaulis taihuensis (98 %) and Asticcacaulis excentricus (95 %). However, low levels of DNA–DNA relatedness to these organisms and a number of distinctive features of the tundra wetland isolate indicated that it represented a novel species of the genus Asticcacaulis, for which the name Asticcacaulis benevestitus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Z-0023T (=DSM 16100T=ATCC BAA-896T).

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Maricaulis alexandrii sp. nov., a novel dimorphic prosthecate and active bioflocculants-bearing bacterium isolated from phycosphere microbiota of laboratory cultured highly-toxic Alexandrium catenella LZT09

10.21203/rs.3.rs-265494/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-ling Zhang ◽

Min Qi ◽

Qiu-hong Li ◽

Zhen-dong Cui ◽

Qiao Yang

Keyword(s):

Genomic Dna ◽

Type Strain ◽

Novel Species ◽

Average Nucleotide Identity ◽

Gram Stain ◽

Unidentified Phospholipid ◽

Alexandrium Catenella ◽

Sulfoquinovosyl Diacylglycerol ◽

Curved Rods ◽

Prosthecate Bacterium

Abstract An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, straight or curved rods, prosthecate bacterium designated as LZ-16-1T was isolated from phycosphere microbiota of highly-toxic and laboratory cultured dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella LZT09. This new isolate produces active bioflocculanting exopolysaccharides (EPS). Cells were dimorphic with non-motile prostheca, or non-stalked and motile by a single polar flagellum. Growth occurred at 10-40 °C, pH 5–9 and 1–8 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth at 25 °C, pH 7–8 and 2-4 % (w/v) NaCl, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA indicated that strain LZ-16-1T was affiliated to the genus Maricaulis, and closely related to Maricaulis parjimensis MCS 25T (99.48%) and M. virginensis VC-5T (99.04%),. However, based on genome sequencing and phylogenomic calculations, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digtal DNA-DNA genome hybridization (dDDH) values between the two strains were only 85.0 and 20.9%, respectively. Strain LZ-16-1T owned Q-10 as predominant isoprenoid quinone; summed feature 8, C16:0, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1 ω9c and summed feature 9 as dominant fatty acids; and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol, glycolipids and unidentified phospholipid as major polar lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content is 63.6 mol%. Physiological and chemotaxonomic characterization further confirmed the distinctiveness of strain LZ-16-1T from other Maricaulis members. Thus, strain LZ-16-1T represents a novel species of the genus Maricaulis, for which the name Maricaulis alexandrii sp. nov. (type strain LZ-16-1T=KCTC 72194T=CCTCC AB 2019006T) is proposed .

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Cell Cycle Control of a Holdfast Attachment Gene inCaulobacter crescentus

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.181.4.1118-1125.1999 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 181 (4) ◽

pp. 1118-1125 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Raji S. Janakiraman ◽

Yves V. Brun

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Polar Region ◽

Caulobacter Crescentus ◽

Cell Cycle Control ◽

Indirect Evidence ◽

Cell Types ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Different Cell Types ◽

Prosthecate Bacterium ◽

Maximal Expression

ABSTRACT Attachment to surfaces by the prosthecate bacteriumCaulobacter crescentus is mediated by an adhesive organelle, the holdfast, found at the tip of the stalk. Indirect evidence suggested that the holdfast first appears at the swarmer pole of the predivisional cell. We used fluorescently labeled lectin and transmission electron microscopy to detect the holdfast in different cell types. While the holdfast was readily detectable in stalked cells and at the stalked poles of predivisional cells, we were unable to detect the holdfast in swarmer cells or at the flagellated poles of predivisional cells. This suggests that exposure of the holdfast to the outside of the cell occurs during the differentiation of swarmer to stalked cells. To investigate the timing of holdfast synthesis and exposure to the outside of the cell, we have examined the regulation of a holdfast attachment gene, hfaA. The hfaA gene is part of a cluster of four genes (hfaABDC), identified in strain CB2A and involved in attachment of the holdfast to the polar region of the cell. We have identified the hfaA gene in the synchronizable C. crescentus strain CB15. The sequence of the CB2A hfaA promoter suggested that it was regulated by ς54. We show that the transcription of hfaAfrom either strain is not dependent on ς54. Using ahfaA-lacZ fusion, we show that the transcription ofhfaA is temporally regulated during the cell cycle, with maximal expression in late-predivisional cells. This increase in expression is largely due to the preferential transcription ofhfaA in the swarmer pole of the predivisional cell.

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Draft Genome Sequence of the Dimorphic Prosthecate Bacterium Brevundimonas abyssalis TAR-001T

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.00826-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Tsubouchi ◽

S. Nishi ◽

K. Usui ◽

Y. Shimane ◽

Y. Takaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequence ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Draft Genome Sequence ◽

Prosthecate Bacterium

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Xanthan and gellan degradation by bacteria of activated sludge

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2009.443 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 965-973 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M. Muchová ◽

J. Růžička ◽

M. Julinová ◽

M. Doležalová ◽

J. Houser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Carbohydrate Polymers ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Prosthecate Bacterium ◽

Xanthan Degradation

Owing to increasing amounts of xanthan and gellan in food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, as well as in some technical spheres, studies were carried out on the xanthan and gellan degrading bacteria present in activated sludge. The activated sludge used in the study was able to degrade both carbohydrates over 7 days, with levels of xanthan and gellan utilizing microbes estimated at 105 cells/g of dry sludge weight. Isolating key degrading bacteria revealed the important role of genus Paenibacillus in xanthan degradation and prosthecate bacterium Verrucomicrobium sp. GD, which was capable of gellan utilization. Further tests performed with both strains showed they were able to degrade other types of carbohydrate polymers, and that Verrucomicrobium sp. GD did not possess extracellular free gellan depolymerase.

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Asticcacaulis solisilvae sp. nov., isolated from forest soil

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijs.0.047423-0 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 63 (Pt_10) ◽

pp. 3829-3834 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Seil Kim ◽

Gyeongtaek Gong ◽

Tai Hyun Park ◽

Youngsoon Um

Keyword(s):

Forest Soil ◽

Dna Hybridization ◽

Type Species ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Content Type ◽

Link Type ◽

Soil Isolate ◽

Prosthecate Bacterium

An obligately aerobic, chemoheterotrophic, mesophilic prosthecate bacterium, designated strain CGM1-3ENT, was isolated from the enrichment cultures of forest soil from Cheonggyesan Mountain, Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram-reaction-negative, motile rods (1.3–2.4 µm long by 0.30–0.75 µm wide) with single flagella. The strain grew at 10–37 °C (optimum 25–30 °C) and at pH 4.5–9.5 (optimum 5.0–7.0). The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c 11-methyl, C12 : 1 3-OH and summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CGM1-3ENT was 63.7 mol%. The closest phylogenetic neighbour to strain CGM1-3ENT was identified as Asticcacaulis biprosthecium DSM 4723T (97.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and the DNA–DNA hybridization value between strain CGM1-3ENT and A. biprosthecium DSM 4723T was less than 24.5 %. Strain CGM1-3ENT used d-glucose, d-fructose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, d-mannose, d-mannitol, d-sorbitol, d-galactose, cellobiose, lactose, raffinose, fumarate, pyruvate, dl-alanine and glycerol as carbon sources. Based on data from the present polyphasic study, the forest soil isolate CGM1-3ENT is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Asticcacaulis , for which the name Asticcacaulis solisilvae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CGM1-3ENT ( = AIM0088T = KCTC 32102T = JCM 18544T).

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Brevundimonas abyssalis sp. nov., a dimorphic prosthecate bacterium isolated from deep-subsea floor sediment

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijs.0.043364-0 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 63 (Pt_6) ◽

pp. 1987-1994 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Taishi Tsubouchi ◽

Yasuhiro Shimane ◽

Keiko Usui ◽

Shigeru Shimamura ◽

Kozue Mori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

16S Rrna Gene ◽

Type Strain ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Content Type ◽

Link Type ◽

Prosthecate Bacterium ◽

Type Strains ◽

The 16S Rrna Gene

A novel Gram-negative, aerobic, psychrotolerant, alkali-tolerant, heterotrophic and dimorphic prosthecate bacterium, designated strain TAR-001T, was isolated from deep-sea floor sediment in Japan. Cells of this strain had a dimorphic life cycle and developed an adhesive stalk at a site not coincident with the centre of the cell pole, and the other type of cell, a swarm cell, had a polar flagellum. Colonies were glossy, viscous and yellowish-white in colour. The temperature, pH and salt concentration range for growth were 2–41 °C, pH 6.5–10.0 and 1–4 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that strain TAR-001T belongs to the family Caulobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria , and lies between the genus Brevundimonas and the genus Caulobacter . Levels of similarity between the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain TAR-001T and those of the type strains of Brevundimonas species were 93.3–95.7 %; highest sequence similarity was with the type strain of Brevundimonas diminuta . Levels of sequence similarity between those of the type strains of Caulobacter species were 94.9–96.0 %; highest sequence similarity was with the type strain of Caulobacter mirabilis . The G+C content of strain TAR-001T was 67.6 mol%. Q-10 was the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0, and the presence of 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-[d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-d-glucopyranuronosyl]glycerol suggests strain TAR-001T is more closely to the genus Brevundimonas than to the genus Caulobacter . The mean DNA–DNA hybridization levels between strain TAR-001T and the type strains of two species of the genus Brevundimonas were higher than that of the genus Caulobacter . On the basis of polyphasic biological features and the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison presented here, strain TAR-001T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Brevundimonas , for which the name Brevundimonas abyssalis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is TAR-001T ( = JCM 18150T = CECT 8073T).

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Rhizomicrobium electricum sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic, fermentative, prosthecate bacterium isolated from a cellulose-fed microbial fuel cell

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY ◽

10.1099/ijs.0.023580-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 61 (8) ◽

pp. 1781-1785 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Yumiko Kodama ◽

Kazuya Watanabe

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Microbial Fuel Cell ◽

Gene Sequence ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Facultatively Anaerobic ◽

Curved Rods ◽

Bacterium Strain ◽

Mother Cells ◽

Prosthecate Bacterium

A facultatively anaerobic, prosthecate bacterium, strain Mfc52T, was isolated from a microbial fuel cell inoculated with soil and fed with cellulose as the sole fuel. Cells were Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, straight or slightly curved rods, and some of them had one or two polar prosthecae (stalks). Cells reproduced by binary fission or by budding from mother cells having prosthecae. Strain Mfc52T fermented various sugars and produced lactate, acetate and fumarate. Ferric iron, nitrate, oxygen and fumarate served as electron acceptors, while sulfate and malate did not. Nitrate was reduced to nitrite. The DNA G+C content was 64.7 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogeny, strain Mfc52T was affiliated with the genus Rhizomicrobium in the class Alphaproteobacteria and most closely related to Rhizomicrobium palustre with a sequence similarity of 97 %. Based on these physiological and phylogenetic characteristics, the name Rhizomicrobium electricum sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is Mfc52T ( = JCM 15089T = KCTC 5806T).

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