scholarly journals Simulation of non-stationary stochastic ground motions based on recent Italian earthquakes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Sabetta ◽  
Antonio Pugliese ◽  
Gabriele Fiorentino ◽  
Giovanni Lanzano ◽  
Lucia Luzi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Stochastic Simulations ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Arias Intensity ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Ground Motion Records

AbstractThis work presents an up-to-date model for the simulation of non-stationary ground motions, including several novelties compared to the original study of Sabetta and Pugliese (Bull Seism Soc Am 86:337–352, 1996). The selection of the input motion in the framework of earthquake engineering has become progressively more important with the growing use of nonlinear dynamic analyses. Regardless of the increasing availability of large strong motion databases, ground motion records are not always available for a given earthquake scenario and site condition, requiring the adoption of simulated time series. Among the different techniques for the generation of ground motion records, we focused on the methods based on stochastic simulations, considering the time- frequency decomposition of the seismic ground motion. We updated the non-stationary stochastic model initially developed in Sabetta and Pugliese (Bull Seism Soc Am 86:337–352, 1996) and later modified by Pousse et al. (Bull Seism Soc Am 96:2103–2117, 2006) and Laurendeau et al. (Nonstationary stochastic simulation of strong ground-motion time histories: application to the Japanese database. 15 WCEE Lisbon, 2012). The model is based on the S-transform that implicitly considers both the amplitude and frequency modulation. The four model parameters required for the simulation are: Arias intensity, significant duration, central frequency, and frequency bandwidth. They were obtained from an empirical ground motion model calibrated using the accelerometric records included in the updated Italian strong-motion database ITACA. The simulated accelerograms show a good match with the ground motion model prediction of several amplitude and frequency measures, such as Arias intensity, peak acceleration, peak velocity, Fourier spectra, and response spectra.

scholarly journals Ground-motion relations for eastern North America

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail M. Atkinson ◽  
David M. Boore
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Validation Of Results

Abstract Predictive relations are developed for ground motions from eastern North American earthquakes of 4.0 ≦ M ≦ 7.25 at distances of 10 ≦ R ≦ 500 km. The predicted parameters are response spectra at frequencies of 0.5 to 20 Hz, and peak ground acceleration and velocity. The predictions are derived from an empirically based stochastic ground-motion model. The relations differ from previous work in the improved empirical definition of input parameters and empirical validation of results. The relations are in demonstrable agreement with ground motions from earthquakes of M 4 to 5. There are insufficient data to adequately judge the relations at larger magnitudes, although they are consistent with data from the Saguenay (M 5.8) and Nahanni (M 6.8) earthquakes. The underlying model parameters are constrained by empirical data for events as large as M 6.8.

scholarly journals A Region-Specific Ground-Motion Model for Inelastic Spectral Displacement in Northern Italy Considering Spatial Correlation Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Huang ◽  
Karim Tarbali ◽  
Carmine Galasso
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Engineered Systems ◽  
Ground Motion Records ◽  
Correlation Properties

Abstract The peak inelastic displacement of single-degree-of-freedom bilinear systems (Sdi) is an effective intensity measure linking ground-motion features to the inelastic response and subsequent structural and nonstructural damage of engineered systems. This study develops a region-specific ground-motion model for Sdi considering source, path, and site effects and explicitly accounting for the spatial correlation between intraevent residuals when the model parameters are estimated. The model is developed based on 2427 two-component horizontal ground-motion records from 85 events in northern Italy with magnitudes ranging from 4.0 to 6.4 and source-to-site distances less than 200 km. An exponential stationary and isotropic model is considered to represent the spatial correlation properties of Sdi (after scrutinizing the appropriateness of the underlying assumptions for such a model). Comparisons are performed with existing models in the literature in terms of Sdi estimates, as well as the (spatial correlation) effective range parameter. Two practical applications of the developed model are presented: one on estimating the spatial distribution of Sdi (as an essential ingredient for seismic loss assessments) and one on the engineering validation of region-specific ground-motion simulations. Challenges regarding such validations are also discussed.

scholarly journals Validation of stochastic ground motion model modification by comparison to seismic demand of recorded ground motions

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2871-2898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Tsioulou ◽  
Alexandros A. Taflanidis ◽  
Carmine Galasso
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Seismic Demand ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Model Modification ◽  
Ground Motion Model

Conditional Ground-Motion Model for Damaging Characteristics of Near-Fault Ground Motions Based on Instantaneous Power

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 2828-2842
Author(s):  
Esra Zengin ◽  
Norman Abrahamson
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Velocity Pulse ◽  
Near Fault ◽  
Instantaneous Power ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Short Time

ABSTRACT The velocity pulse in near-fault ground motions has been used as a key characteristic of damaging ground motions. Characterization of the velocity pulse involves three parameters: presence of the pulse, period of the pulse, and amplitude of the pulse. The basic concept behind the velocity pulse is that a large amount of seismic energy is packed into a short time, leading to larger demands on the structure. An intensity measure for near-fault ground motions, which is a direct measure of the amount of energy arriving in short time, called instantaneous power (IP (T1)), is defined as the maximum power of the bandpass-filtered velocity time series measured over a time interval of 0.5T1, in which T1 is the fundamental period of the structure. The records are bandpass filtered in the period band (0.2T1−3T1) to remove the frequencies that are not expected to excite the structure. Zengin and Abrahamson (2020) showed that the drift is better correlated with the IP (T1) than with the velocity pulse parameters for records scaled to the same spectral acceleration at T1. A conditional ground-motion model (GMM) for the IP is developed based on the 5%-damped spectral acceleration at T1, the earthquake magnitude, and the rupture distance. This conditional GMM can be used for record selection for near-fault ground motions that captures the key features of velocity pulses and can lead to a better representation of the median and variability of the maximum interstory drift. The conditional GMM can also be used in a vector hazard analysis for spectral acceleration (T1) and IP (T1) that can be used for more accurate estimation of drift hazard and seismic risk.

Ground Motion Model for Small-to-Moderate Earthquakes in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Zalachoris ◽  
Ellen M. Rathje
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Induced Seismicity ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Site Amplification ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Magnitude Scaling ◽  
Proposed Model

A ground motion model (GMM) tuned to the characteristics of the observed, and potentially induced, seismicity in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas is developed using a database of 4,528 ground motions recorded during 376 events of Mw > 3.0 in the region. The GMM is derived using the referenced empirical approach with an existing Central and Eastern North America model as the reference GMM and is applicable for Mw = 3.0–5.8 and hypocentral distances less than 500 km. The proposed model incorporates weaker magnitude scaling than the reference GMM for periods less than about 1.0 s, resulting in smaller predicted ground motions at larger magnitudes. The proposed model predicts larger response spectral accelerations at short hypocentral distances (≤20 km), which is likely because of the shallow hypocenters of events in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. Finally, the VS30 scaling for the newly developed model predicts less amplification at VS30 < 600 m/s than the reference GMM, which is likely because of the generally thinner sediments in the study area. This finding is consistent with recent studies regarding site amplification in Central and Eastern North America.

A Ground-Motion Logic-Tree Scheme for Regional Seismic Hazard Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özkan Kale ◽  
Sinan Akkar
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Logic Tree ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
The One

We propose a methodology that can be useful to the hazard expert in building ground-motion logic trees to capture the center and range of ground-motion amplitudes. The methodology can be used to identify a logic-tree structure and weighting scheme that prevents the dominancy of a specific ground-motion model. This strategy can be useful for regional probabilistic seismic hazard since logic-trees biased by a specific ground-motion predictive model (GMPE) may cause disparities in the seismic hazard for regions represented by large number of sites with complex seismic features. The methodology first identifies a suit of candidate ground-motion prediction equations that can cover the center, body and range of estimated ground motions. The GMPE set is then used for establishing alternative logic-trees composed of different weighting schemes to identify the one(s) that would not be biased towards a particular GMPE due to its sensitivity to the weights. The proposed methodology utilizes visual and statistical tools to assess the ground motion distributions over large areas that makes it more practical for regional hazard studies.

STOCHASTIC SEISMIC RESPONSE OF BASE-ISOLATED BUILDINGS

2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350006 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. JACOB ◽  
K. SEPAHVAND ◽  
V. A. MATSAGAR ◽  
S. MARBURG
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Stochastic Response ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Stochastic Seismic Response

The stochastic response of base-isolated building considering the uncertainty in the characteristics of the earthquakes is investigated. For this purpose, a probabilistic ground motion model, for generating artificial earthquakes is developed. The model is based upon a stochastic ground motion model which has separable amplitude and spectral non-stationarities. An extensive database of recorded earthquake ground motions is created. The set of parameters required by the stochastic ground motion model to depict a particular ground motion is evaluated for all the ground motions in the database. Probability distributions are created for all the parameters. Using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, the set of parameters required by the stochastic ground motion model to simulate ground motions is obtained from the distributions and ground motions. Further, the bilinear model of the isolator described by its characteristic strength, post-yield stiffness and yield displacement is used, and the stochastic response is determined by using an ensemble of generated earthquakes. A parametric study is conducted for the various characteristics of the isolator. This study presents an approach for stochastic seismic response analysis of base-isolated building considering the uncertainty involved in the earthquake ground motion.

A Stochastic Model for Simulating Vertical Pulseless Near-Fault Seismic Ground Motions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Zhong Cui ◽  
Yong Xu Liu ◽  
Han Ping Hong
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Time History ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Motion Models ◽  
Near Fault ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Ground Motion Records

ABSTRACT The vertical near-fault seismic ground-motion component can cause significant structural deformation and damage, which can be evaluated from time history analysis using actual or synthetic ground-motion records. In this study, we propose a new stochastic model for the vertical pulseless near-fault ground motions that depends on earthquake magnitude, rupture distance, and site condition. The proposed model is developed based on the time–frequency characteristics of 606 selected actual vertical record components in strike-slip earthquakes. The use and validation of the model are presented using simulated records obtained by two simulation techniques. For the validation, the statistics of time–frequency-dependent power spectral acceleration estimated from the simulated records using the proposed stochastic model are compared with those from the actual records and the ground-motion models available in the literature.

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis Based on Arias Intensity in the North–South Seismic Belt of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xuejing ◽  
Weijin Xu ◽  
Mengtan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Seismic Hazard Analysis ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Seismic Belt ◽  
Arias Intensity ◽  
The North ◽  
Ground Motion Model

ABSTRACT Arias intensity (IA), as an important seismic parameter, which contains the information of amplitude, frequencies, and duration of ground motion, plays a crucial role in characterizing seismic hazard such as earthquake-induced landslides. In this article, we conducted probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) based on IA in China’s north–south seismic belt. We adopted the seismic sources and seismicity parameters used in the fifth generation of the Seismic Ground Motion Parameter Zoning Map of China, and two ground-motion model of IA. The results show that the values of IA are greater than 0.11 m/s in most regions of the north–south seismic belt. The provincial capital cities and most prefecture-level cities in the seismic zone are located in the region with IA-values greater than 0.32 m/s. The values of IA are above 0.54 m/s in the region around the main fault zone. This means that the north–south seismic belt is prone to extremely high-seismic hazard, particularly earthquake-induced landslides. Therefore, it is important to strengthen the evaluation and prevention of earthquake-induced landslides in this area. As we have found significant differences in the values of IA calculated from different ground-motion model, it is necessary to study the ground-motion model of IA for the western geological environment of China. In addition, the PSHA based on IA gives more consideration to the influence of large earthquakes than that based on peak ground acceleration. Therefore, IA plays an important role in seismic design of major engineering projects. The results of this article are of great scientific significance for understanding the seismic hazard of the north–south seismic belt.

Ground-Motion Model for Deep Intraslab Subduction Zone Earthquakes of Northeastern India (NEI) and Adjacent Regions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky L. Chhangte ◽  
Tauhidur Rahman ◽  
Ivan G. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Strong Motion Data ◽  
Northeastern India ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Ground Motion Model ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

ABSTRACT In this study, a ground-motion model (GMM) for deep intraslab subduction zone earthquakes in northeastern India (NEI) and adjacent regions, including portions of Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Myanmar, and Nepal, is developed. Strong-motion data for deep intraslab earthquakes in NEI are very sparse, so it is not possible to develop a robust empirical GMM; hence, we used the stochastic point-source model to develop a new GMM. The model is based on ground-motion simulations of 36,500 Mw 5–8 earthquakes and epicentral distances of 50–300 km. We used region-specific key seismic parameters, for example, stress parameter, quality factor, and path duration in ground-motion simulation. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to evaluate the bias of each key seismic input parameter. We compared our GMM with the existing strong-motion data and compared our model with those of Lin and Lee (2008), Abrahamson et al. (2016), and Idini et al. (2017), which were developed for intraslab earthquakes based on VS30 and hypocentral depth. Our model gives higher values compared with their GMMs. Both peak ground acceleration and spectral acceleration values are estimated for NEI and adjacent regions intraslab earthquakes.

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