scholarly journals The Heritability of Type D Personality by an Extended Twin-Pedigree Analysis in the Netherlands Twin Register

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruifang Li-Gao ◽  
Dorret I. Boomsma ◽  
Eco J. C. de Geus ◽  
Johan Denollet ◽  
Nina Kupper
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Continuous Measure ◽  
Genetic Covariance ◽  
Type D ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Type D (Distressed) personality combines negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI) and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to (1) validate a new proxy based on the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) for Type D personality and its NA and SI subcomponents and (2) estimate the heritability of the Type D proxy in an extended twin-pedigree design in the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR). Proxies for the dichotomous Type D classification, and continuous NA, SI, and NAxSI (the continuous measure of Type D) scales were created based on 12 ASEBA items for 30,433 NTR participants (16,449 twins and 13,984 relatives from 11,106 pedigrees) and sources of variation were analyzed in the ‘Mendel’ software package. We estimated additive and non-additive genetic variance components, shared household and unique environmental variance components and ran bivariate models to estimate the genetic and non-genetic covariance between NA and SI. The Type D proxy showed good reliability and construct validity. The best fitting genetic model included additive and non-additive genetic effects with broad-sense heritabilities for NA, SI and NAxSI estimated at 49%, 50% and 49%, respectively. Household effects showed small contributions (4–9%) to the total phenotypic variation. The genetic correlation between NA and SI was .66 (reflecting both additive and non-additive genetic components). Thus, Type D personality and its NA and SI subcomponents are heritable, with a shared genetic basis for the two subcomponents.

Abstract P187: Prognostic Importance of Type D Personality and Shocks in Patients with an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Denollet ◽  
Fetene Tekle ◽  
Susanne S Pedersen ◽  
Pepijn H van der Voort ◽  
Marco Alings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Real World ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Type D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Appropriate Shocks

Background . Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) treatment has been studied primarily in clinical trials. We examined the age-dependent importance of shocks and psychological distress in patients seen in clinical care, and the importance of these factors among younger patients in particular. Methods . This real-world study (n=589) included 134 older (>70y, m=74.3) and 455 younger (≤70y, m=59.1) ICD patients. At baseline, vulnerability for psychological distress was measured by the 14-item Type D (distressed) personality scale. Cox regression analyses were used to examine the importance of shocks and distress; endpoints were all-cause and cardiac death. Results . After a median follow-up of 3.2 years, 94 patients (16%) had died (67 cardiac death), 61 patients (10%) had experienced an appropriate shock and 28 (5%) an inappropriate shock. Appropriate shocks (HR=2.60, 95%CI 1.47-5.58, p=0.001) and Type D personality (HR=1.85, 95%CI 1.12-3.05, p=0.015) independently predicted an increased mortality risk, adjusting for covariates. Other predictors were age, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and diabetes. Appropriate shocks and Type D personality also predicted an increased risk of cardiac death. Inappropriate shocks were not associated with all-cause (p=0.52) or cardiac (p=0.99) death. Older patients had more advanced heart failure, and CRT and diabetes were the only prognostic factors in this age group. In younger patients, however, appropriate shocks and Type D personality predicted an increased risk of all-cause and cardiac death, adjusting for covariates. Conclusion . This real-world study confirmed the importance of ICD shocks, showed that Type D personality has incremental prognostic value, and revealed important age-dependent differences in risk.

scholarly journals Type D personality and social relations in adults with diabetes: results from diabetes MILES – The Netherlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1456-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viola Spek ◽  
Giesje Nefs ◽  
Paula M. C. Mommersteeg ◽  
Jane Speight ◽  
Frans Pouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Type D

scholarly journals Age-Specific Patterns of Genetic Variance in Drosophila melanogaster. II. Fecundity and Its Genetic Covariance With Age-Specific Mortality

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 849-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Tatar ◽  
Daniel E L Promislow ◽  
Aziz A Khazaeli ◽  
James W Curtsinger
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Mutation Accumulation ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Genetic Covariance ◽  
Specific Mortality

Abstract Under the mutation accumulation model of senescence, it was predicted that the additive genetic variance (VA) for fitness traits will increase with age. We measured age-specific mortality and fecundity from 65,134 Drosophila melanogaster and estimated genetic variance components, based on reciprocal crosses of extracted second chromosome lines. Elsewhere we report the results for mortality. Here, for fecundity, we report a bimodal pattern for VA with peaks at 3 days and at 17–31 days. Under the antagonistic pleiotropy model of senescence, it was predicted that negative correlations will exist between early and late life history traits. For fecundity itself we find positive genetic correlations among age classes >3 days but negative nonsignificant correlations between fecundity at 3 days and at older age classes. For fecundity vs. age-specific mortality, we find positive fitness correlations (negative genetic correlations) among the traits at all ages >3 days but a negative fitness correlation between fecundity at 3 days and mortality at the oldest ages (positive genetic correlations). For age-specific mortality itself we find overwhelmingly positive genetic correlations among all age classes. The data suggest that mutation accumulation may be a major source of standing genetic variance for senescence.

Genetic parameters of growth of Ethiopian Boran cattle

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Arnason ◽  
H. Kassa-Mersha
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Covariance ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTRecords on birth weight and pre-weaning growth of 3959 Boran calves, which were progeny of 51 sires and 979 dams, were analysed by least-squares analysis of variance. The variance components for sires, dams and maternal grandsires were estimated from the data. On the basis of assumed genetic correlations −0·44 and −0·55 between direct and maternal effects on birth weight and weaning weight, respectively, the maternal genetic component and the genetic covariance between direct and maternal effects were estimated. The heritabilities for direct effects on birth weight and weaning weight were 0·11 and 0·22, respectively, while the heritabilities of maternal effects were estimated as 0·02 and 0·11, respectively for the same traits. Selection indices for direct and maternal genetic components of weaning weight were constructed for practical use. These selection indices combined information on the individual, the parents and sibs.

scholarly journals Predicting the purebred-crossbred genetic correlation from the genetic variance components in the parental lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Duenk ◽  
Piter Bijma ◽  
Yvonne C. J. Wientjes ◽  
Mario P. L. Calus
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Genetic Models ◽  
Upper And Lower Bounds ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Genetic Covariance ◽  
Parental Allele ◽  
Parental Lines

Abstract Background The genetic correlation between purebred and crossbred performance ($${r}_{pc}$$ r pc ) is an important parameter in pig and poultry breeding, because response to selection in crossbred performance depends on the value of $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc when selection is based on purebred (PB) performance. The value of $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc can be substantially lower than 1, which is partly due to differences in allele frequencies between parental lines when non-additive genetic effects are present. This relationship between $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc and parental allele frequencies suggests that $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc can be expressed as a function of genetic parameters for the trait in the parental lines. In this study, we derived expressions for $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc based on genetic variances within, and the genetic covariance between parental lines. It is important to note that the variance components used in our expressions are not the components that are typically estimated in empirical data. The expressions were derived for a genetic model with additive and dominance effects (D), and additive and epistatic additive-by-additive effects (EAA). We validated our expressions using simulations of purebred parental lines and their crosses, where the parental lines were either selected or not. Finally, using these simulations, we investigated the value of $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc for genetic models with both dominance and epistasis or with other types of epistasis, for which expressions could not be derived. Results Our simulations show that when non-additive effects are present, $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc decreases with increasing differences in allele frequencies between the parental lines. Genetic models that involve dominance result in lower values of $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc than genetic models that involve epistasis only. Using information of parental lines only, our expressions provide exact estimates of $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc for models D and EAA, and accurate upper and lower bounds of $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc for two other genetic models. Conclusion This work lays the foundation to enable estimation of $${r}_{pc}$$ r pc from information collected in PB parental lines only.

Impact of a type-D personality on clinical and psychometric properties of patients with a first myocardial infarction in a Turkish sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S387-S387
Author(s):  
B. Annagür ◽  
K. Demir ◽  
A. Avcı ◽  
Ö. Uygur
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Risk Marker ◽  
Type D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
First Myocardial Infarction

ObjectiveRecent studies have shown that a Type D personality is associated with an increased risk of cardiac mortality. This study aimed to examine impact of a Type D personality on clinical and psychometric properties of patients with a first myocardial infarction (MI) in a Turkish sample.MethodThe study included 131 patients who were admitted to the coronary care unit of a hospital with a first MI. All the patients underwent a psychiatric assessment within 2–6 months post-MI. Psychiatric interviews were conducted with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I).ResultsThe first study group (Type D personality) included 50 patients, and the second study group (non-Type D personality) included 81 patients. There was a 38.2% prevalence of the Type D personality in the patients with a first MI. Those with this type of personality had a significantly higher frequency of hypertension and stressful life events. The Type D patients also had more psychiatric disorders, depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders than the non-Type D patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Type D personality traits may increase the risk of hypertension and the risk of psychiatric morbidity in patients with a first MI. Considering that a Type D personality is a stable trait; we suggest that this type of personality is a facilitator of clinical depression and anxiety disorders. These findings emphasize the importance of screening for a Type D personality as a cardiovascular risk marker and a psychiatric risk marker in MI patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Type D Personality Associated With Increased Risk for Mortality in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirkjan Kauw ◽  
Dounya Schoormans ◽  
Gertjan Tj. Sieswerda ◽  
Joost P. Van Melle ◽  
Hubert W. Vliegen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Type D ◽  
Increased Risk

The Type D Construct

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesine Grande ◽  
Matthias Romppel ◽  
Matthias Michal ◽  
Elmar Brähler
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
German Population ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Type D ◽  
Worse Prognosis

The interaction of negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI), known as the Type D personality, is associated with a worse prognosis in cardiac patients. Until now, causal models have been speculative, and this is partly due to a lack of clarity related to the validity of SI, its role in emotion regulation, and the postulated independence of social and emotional functioning. To examine the construct validity of the Type D personality, we analyzed associations of NA and SI with different measures of affectivity, social anxiety, and social competencies in a German population-based representative sample (n = 2,495). Both NA and SI were associated with all other measures of social functioning and negative affect (all rs > .30) and showed considerable cross-loadings (NA: a 1 = .39, a 2 = .63; SI: a1 = .73 and a2 = .34) in a two-factor solution with the factors labeled as Social Functioning and Negative Affectivity. The SI subscale did not properly differentiate between social fears and social competencies, which emerged as rather different aspects of social functioning. Further studies should examine the effect of broader dimensions of social orientation and competencies and their interaction with NA on cardiac prognosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document