Molecular markers reconstruct the invasion history of variable leaf watermilfoil (Myriophyllum heterophyllum) and distinguish it from closely related species

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1687-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan A. Thum ◽  
Matthew P. Zuellig ◽  
Robert L. Johnson ◽  
Michael L. Moody ◽  
Charles Vossbrinck
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
History Of

A comparative study of the life histories of Nematodirus battus and N. filicollis, nematode parasites of sheep

Parasitology ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 49 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 374-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Basic Pattern ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comparative Description

1. The life history of N. battus is described, and a comparative description of the life history of N. filicollis is given.2. The life histories of these two species are compared with those of N. spathiger and N. helvetianus, two closely related species, and are shown to follow the same basic pattern, with minor variations in timing which appear to be specific in nature, and not related to differences in culture methods or host species.3. The pathogenesis of Nematodirus species is discussed and related to the migration of larvae into the intestinal mucosa during development.

scholarly journals SPInDel Analysis of the Non-Coding Regions of cpDNA as a More Useful Tool for the Identification of Rye (Poaceae: Secale) Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9421
Author(s):  
Lidia Skuza ◽  
Ewa Filip ◽  
Izabela Szućko ◽  
Jan Bocianowski
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Tribe Triticeae

Secale is a small but very diverse genus from the tribe Triticeae (family Poaceae), which includes annual, perennial, self-pollinating and open-pollinating, cultivated, weedy and wild species of various phenotypes. Despite its high economic importance, classification of this genus, comprising 3–8 species, is inconsistent. This has resulted in significantly reduced progress in the breeding of rye which could be enriched with functional traits derived from wild rye species. Our previous research has suggested the utility of non-coding sequences of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA in studies on closely related species of the genus Secale. Here we applied the SPInDel (Species Identification by Insertions/Deletions) approach, which targets hypervariable genomic regions containing multiple insertions/deletions (indels) and exhibiting extensive length variability. We analysed a total of 140 and 210 non-coding sequences from cpDNA and mtDNA, respectively. The resulting data highlight regions which may represent useful molecular markers with respect to closely related species of the genus Secale, however, we found the chloroplast genome to be more informative. These molecular markers include non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA: atpB-rbcL and trnT-trnL and non-coding regions of mitochondrial DNA: nad1B-nad1C and rrn5/rrn18. Our results demonstrate the utility of the SPInDel concept for the characterisation of Secale species.

Molecular identification of animal isolates ofEchinococcus granulosusfrom Iran using four mitochondrial genes

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rostami Nejad ◽  
N. Taghipour ◽  
Z. Nochi ◽  
E. Nazemalhosseini Mojarad ◽  
S.R. Mohebbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Evolution ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
12S Rrna Gene ◽  
Complete Sequences ◽  
Animal Isolates

AbstractMitochondrial genes have more power than nuclear genes in reconstructing phylogenetic relationships among closely related species because of their faster sequence evolution. The aim of this study was to use the complete or near-complete sequences from three mitochondrial genes (cox1,nad1andatp6) and partial sequences of the 12S rRNA gene to infer relationships among isolates ofEchinococcus granulosusfrom Iran. Two hundred and twenty-nine isolates ofE. granulosuswere collected from cattle, camels, sheep, buffalo and goats from different geographical areas. Most individuals were found to possess the G1 genotype but some of the camel samples belonged to the G6 genotype. Newly designed primers forcox1,nad1andatp6genes amplified bands of 1830, 708 and 1157 bp for the G1 genotype and 1856, 705, 1054 bp for the G6 genotype, respectively. The result of this survey showed thatatp6andnad1genes are good molecular markers for identifyingE. granulosusisolates from a range of hosts in Iran.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Patterns in the Genus Homo

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisar A. Shar
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Genus Homo ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT The demographic history of Homo sapiens is complex; it involves a wide range of migrations and genetic adaptations. One of the closely related species to Homo sapiens is Neanderthals, which became extinct about 30,000 years ago. The aim of this research is to compare Homo sapiens with Neanderthals and chimpanzees to understand the patterns of inheritance and survival instincts of Homo sapiens. Results show that out of all selected groups of genes in this study, metabolism, and language genes are found to be the most evolving group of genes. This shows that these most evolving genes are contributing to the advancement of Homo sapiens. However, after comparing human intelligence genes with the primates, it is found that exonic regions are contributing more to the evolution of human intelligence hence, making Homo sapiens unique in terms of intelligence.

scholarly journals Eversion and withdrawal of an intromittent organ before sexual maturation prepares male beetles for copulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 161029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Matsumura ◽  
Takuya Kubo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Active State ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Spermathecal Duct ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coiled State

Some species of criocerine beetles have a hyper-elongated part of the intromittent organ called a flagellum. In resting position, the flagellum is stored in a specialized internal sac in the intromittent organ. This specialized state of the flagellum and internal sac is indispensable during copulation for flagellar insertion into the female spermathecal duct for sperm transfer. However, the morphogenesis of the flagellum does not generate the active state of the flagellum; rather, the flagellum is generated in an inactive and completely coiled state. After eclosion, males of Lema coronata evert and withdraw the internal sac multiple times before sexual maturation, without mounting a female. This behaviour serves to uncoil the flagellum and guide it into the active state with the aid of surface structures on the internal sac. A closely related species, Lema dilecta , also has a long flagellum and undergoes the same behaviour to place the flagellum in the active position. However, some other species of criocerine beetles with much shorter flagella can attain the active state without exhibiting this behaviour. Based on a previously proposed phylogenetic tree, we discuss the evolutionary history of the hyper-elongation of the flagellum and associated behaviour.

scholarly journals On Mannia androgyna (Aytoniaceae, Marchantiophyta) in Eastern Asia

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene A. Borovichev ◽  
Vadim A. Bakalin ◽  
Masanobu Higuchi
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
History Of

Abstract The discovery of Mannia androgyna (L.) A. Evans in Russian Asian and Japanese localities changes the conception of the distribution patterns of the taxon, previously regarded as principally a Mediterranean species. A description and illustrations based on specimens collected in Russian Asia and Japan are provided. The history of the taxonomic understanding of Mannia androgyna is briefly reviewed, and features differentiating closely related species are discussed.

THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF DROSOPHILA BUZZATII. III. CYTOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TWO SIBLING SPECIES OF THE BUZZATII CLUSTER

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 503-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ruiz ◽  
A Fontdevila ◽  
M Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
South American ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Drosophila Buzzatii ◽  
Repleta Group ◽  
Chromosomal Data ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT Drosophila buzzatii has been found sympatric in Argentina with a closely-related sibling species, D. serido. The biogeographical, reproductive and chromosomal data allow us to combine these species into an evolutionary unit, the buzzatii cluster. Salivary gland chromosomes also have been used to determine their phylogenetic relationships with other closely related species, showing that the buzzatii cluster species share two inversions—2d  2 and 2s  6—with the species of the martensis cluster. Both clusters arose from South American populations of the ancestor of the mulleri complex, and we propose to include D. buzzatii and D. serido in the mulleri complex of the repleta group.

Zur innerartlichen Gliederung und zur Artgeschichte von Chamaeleo quadricornis TORNIER, 1899 (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J. J. Klaver ◽  
Wolfgang Böhme
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

AbstractIn this paper all material of Chamaeleo quadricornis, present in museum collections, has been studied. Using morphological and geographical characteristics two subspecies are recognized, one of which is new: Chamaeleo quadricornis gracilior ssp. n. The history of the species has been reconstructed, using schemes of the orographic profile of West Cameroon, which furnishes a historical interpretation for the new subspecies. The closely related species C. eisentrauti and C. montium have also been discussed in this context. The assumed phylogenetic affinities are represented in a phylogram. This leads us to the following hypotheses: - in the Tchabal Mbabo mountains, which have hardly been explored faunistically, there probably lives a chameleon, that resembles C. quadricornis. - the differentiation in characteristics between C. montium and the sympatric C. eisentrauti and C. q. quadricornis (both being mutually allopatric) on the one hand and the allopatric C. q. gracilior ssp. n. on the other hand can be explained by "character displacement".

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