scholarly journals On Mannia androgyna (Aytoniaceae, Marchantiophyta) in Eastern Asia

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene A. Borovichev ◽  
Vadim A. Bakalin ◽  
Masanobu Higuchi
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
History Of

Abstract The discovery of Mannia androgyna (L.) A. Evans in Russian Asian and Japanese localities changes the conception of the distribution patterns of the taxon, previously regarded as principally a Mediterranean species. A description and illustrations based on specimens collected in Russian Asia and Japan are provided. The history of the taxonomic understanding of Mannia androgyna is briefly reviewed, and features differentiating closely related species are discussed.

A comparative study of the life histories of Nematodirus battus and N. filicollis, nematode parasites of sheep

Parasitology ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 49 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 374-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Basic Pattern ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comparative Description

1. The life history of N. battus is described, and a comparative description of the life history of N. filicollis is given.2. The life histories of these two species are compared with those of N. spathiger and N. helvetianus, two closely related species, and are shown to follow the same basic pattern, with minor variations in timing which appear to be specific in nature, and not related to differences in culture methods or host species.3. The pathogenesis of Nematodirus species is discussed and related to the migration of larvae into the intestinal mucosa during development.

scholarly journals Evolutionary trends in onshore-offshore distribution patterns of mushroom coral species (Scleractinia: Fungiidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert W. Hoeksema
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Species Association ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Coral Fauna ◽  
Mushroom Coral

A phylogenetically based comparative analysis of onshore-offshore distribution patterns of mushroom coral species (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) was made to reconstruct an evolutionary scenario for differentiation in fungiid shelf habitats. This phyloecological study integrates data on fungiid distribution patterns along environmental gradients on the Spermonde Shelf, SW Sulawesi, with a recently published phylogeny reconstruction of the Fungiidae. A mushroom coral fauna of 34 species was used to compare their distributions by use of 50-m2 belt quadrats in transects (1) from the mainland to the shelf edge, (2) around reefs with regard to predominant wind directions, and (3) over bathymetrical reef zones. Species association ordinations were made for each of the four shelf zones using both abundance and incidence data to examine whether closely related species cooccurred. Some closely related species or even sister species appeared to show very similar distribution patterns and to coexist in high abundances. These results indicate that there may not be community saturation and competitive exclusion among mushroom corals species, most of which are free-living. In reconstructions of fungiid habitat evolution, offshore reef slopes appear to be original (ancestral), whereas onshore habitats, shallow reef flats, and deep sandy reef bases seem to be derived. The latter is in contrast with an earlier hypothesis, in which deep sandy substrates were considered ancestral mushroom coral habitats.

scholarly journals Biotic element analysis of reptiles of China: A test of vicariance model

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youhua Chen
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Areas Of Endemism ◽  
Guizhou Plateau ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract In this contribution, I identify possible biotic elements of reptiles of China using biotic element analysis. I test whether the vicariance model could significantly shape reptilian current distribution patterns. My results show that dispersal is prevailing for reptiles in China. There are four major biotic elements in reptilian distribution, which are East Xizang, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Taiwan and Hainan, respectively. The test of distributional areas is significantly more clustered than expected by chance, while in another test that closely related species are homogeneously distributed across biotic elements cannot be rejected. Therefore I argued that vicariance might be one of the key processes in patterning reptilian distribution in China. In addition, I develop an improved biotic element analysis in biogeographic studies, by performing biotic element analysis in an iterative manner in order to diagnose more geographically restricted elements until no noise components found. The importance of antecedent selection of distributional data for the subsequent analysis is also discussed. Besides, my study indicates that biodiversity hotspots are not fully overlapped with areas of endemism for reptilians in East Asia.

Molecular markers reconstruct the invasion history of variable leaf watermilfoil (Myriophyllum heterophyllum) and distinguish it from closely related species

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1687-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan A. Thum ◽  
Matthew P. Zuellig ◽  
Robert L. Johnson ◽  
Michael L. Moody ◽  
Charles Vossbrinck
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Evolutionary Patterns in the Genus Homo

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisar A. Shar
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Genus Homo ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT The demographic history of Homo sapiens is complex; it involves a wide range of migrations and genetic adaptations. One of the closely related species to Homo sapiens is Neanderthals, which became extinct about 30,000 years ago. The aim of this research is to compare Homo sapiens with Neanderthals and chimpanzees to understand the patterns of inheritance and survival instincts of Homo sapiens. Results show that out of all selected groups of genes in this study, metabolism, and language genes are found to be the most evolving group of genes. This shows that these most evolving genes are contributing to the advancement of Homo sapiens. However, after comparing human intelligence genes with the primates, it is found that exonic regions are contributing more to the evolution of human intelligence hence, making Homo sapiens unique in terms of intelligence.

scholarly journals Eversion and withdrawal of an intromittent organ before sexual maturation prepares male beetles for copulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 161029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Matsumura ◽  
Takuya Kubo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Active State ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Spermathecal Duct ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coiled State

Some species of criocerine beetles have a hyper-elongated part of the intromittent organ called a flagellum. In resting position, the flagellum is stored in a specialized internal sac in the intromittent organ. This specialized state of the flagellum and internal sac is indispensable during copulation for flagellar insertion into the female spermathecal duct for sperm transfer. However, the morphogenesis of the flagellum does not generate the active state of the flagellum; rather, the flagellum is generated in an inactive and completely coiled state. After eclosion, males of Lema coronata evert and withdraw the internal sac multiple times before sexual maturation, without mounting a female. This behaviour serves to uncoil the flagellum and guide it into the active state with the aid of surface structures on the internal sac. A closely related species, Lema dilecta , also has a long flagellum and undergoes the same behaviour to place the flagellum in the active position. However, some other species of criocerine beetles with much shorter flagella can attain the active state without exhibiting this behaviour. Based on a previously proposed phylogenetic tree, we discuss the evolutionary history of the hyper-elongation of the flagellum and associated behaviour.

THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF DROSOPHILA BUZZATII. III. CYTOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TWO SIBLING SPECIES OF THE BUZZATII CLUSTER

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 503-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ruiz ◽  
A Fontdevila ◽  
M Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
South American ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Drosophila Buzzatii ◽  
Repleta Group ◽  
Chromosomal Data ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT Drosophila buzzatii has been found sympatric in Argentina with a closely-related sibling species, D. serido. The biogeographical, reproductive and chromosomal data allow us to combine these species into an evolutionary unit, the buzzatii cluster. Salivary gland chromosomes also have been used to determine their phylogenetic relationships with other closely related species, showing that the buzzatii cluster species share two inversions—2d  2 and 2s  6—with the species of the martensis cluster. Both clusters arose from South American populations of the ancestor of the mulleri complex, and we propose to include D. buzzatii and D. serido in the mulleri complex of the repleta group.

Zur innerartlichen Gliederung und zur Artgeschichte von Chamaeleo quadricornis TORNIER, 1899 (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J. J. Klaver ◽  
Wolfgang Böhme
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

AbstractIn this paper all material of Chamaeleo quadricornis, present in museum collections, has been studied. Using morphological and geographical characteristics two subspecies are recognized, one of which is new: Chamaeleo quadricornis gracilior ssp. n. The history of the species has been reconstructed, using schemes of the orographic profile of West Cameroon, which furnishes a historical interpretation for the new subspecies. The closely related species C. eisentrauti and C. montium have also been discussed in this context. The assumed phylogenetic affinities are represented in a phylogram. This leads us to the following hypotheses: - in the Tchabal Mbabo mountains, which have hardly been explored faunistically, there probably lives a chameleon, that resembles C. quadricornis. - the differentiation in characteristics between C. montium and the sympatric C. eisentrauti and C. q. quadricornis (both being mutually allopatric) on the one hand and the allopatric C. q. gracilior ssp. n. on the other hand can be explained by "character displacement".

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