Cabruca agroforests in southern Bahia, Brazil: tree component, management practices and tree species conservation

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1055-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina H. R. Sambuichi ◽  
Daniela B. Vidal ◽  
Flora B. Piasentin ◽  
Jomar G. Jardim ◽  
Thiago G. Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
Tree Component

Use of roadside remnants of softwood scrub vegetation by birds in south-eastern Queensland

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Leach ◽  
HF Recher
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Roadside Vegetation ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Tree Component

Birds in roadside and remnant patches of vegetation in the Marburg district of south-eastern Queensland were studied from November 1989 to February 1990. Effects of the length, width and height of the tree, shrub and herb layers, and their major components, on the bird community were determined. In all, 43 species of birds were observed in roadside vegetation; 16 of these were abundant and widely distributed. Silvereyes were most frequently observed (240 observations), followed by superb fairy-wrens (59), yellow thornbills (53), double-barred finches (26), red-backed fairy-wrens (25) and Lewin's honeyeaters (20). Apart from silvereyes (20-654 of observations), and superb fairy-wrens on two roads (12 and 13%) and yellow thornbills on one (15%), no other species constituted more than 10% of observations on any road. In all, 48 species of birds were observed in remnant patches of vegetation, 14 in all of them. Rates of detection in remnant patches ranged from 2.7 to 5.3 birds per 5 min compared with a mean maximum rate for roadside vegetation of 1.3. The richness of the roadside avifauna increased significantly (P=0.001) as the volume (length x width x height) of the tree component, especially the softwood species, increased. The diversity of tree species in softwood remnants and the greater canopy density appear to be important factors that enhance the bird community. The number of birds was also correlated (P=0.05) with the volume of brigalow, Acacia harpophylla. The correlation of the volume of woody weeddshrubs with the number of birds was low (P=0.05), and with the number of species not significant, even though woody weeds were a major component of roadside vegetation. Although supporting fewer birds than remnant patches of vegetation, roadside vegetation contributes importantly to conservation of the avifauna in the Marburg district. Some simple management practices, such as maintaining a minimum width of undisturbed vegetation and retaining vegetation diversity, would ensure or enhance the long-term conservation benefits. Opportunities to regenerate softwood remnants could also be taken, particularly to enhance the value, and possibly prolong the life, of the associated remnants of brigalow.

scholarly journals Mitigación de daños provocados por fauna silvestre en cultivos agrícolas en un bosque montano de Bolivia

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Pérez L. ◽  
Luis F. Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Sapajus Apella ◽  
Pecari Tajacu

<p>Wildlife is often blamed for causing damage to human activities, including agricultural practices and the result may be a conflict between human interests and species conservation. A formal assessment of the magnitude of damage is necessary to adequately conduct management practices and an assessment of the efficiency of different management practices, is necessary to enable managers to mitigate the conflict with rural people. This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of agricultural management practices and controlled hunting in reducing damage to subsistence annual crops at the Cotapata National Park and Natural Area of Integrated Management. The design included seven fields with modified agricultural practices, four fields subjected to control hunting, and five fields held as controls. We registered cultivar type, density, frequency of visiting species to the field, crops lost to wildlife, species responsible for damage, and crop biomass. Most frequent species in the fields were <em>Dasyprocta punctata</em> and <em>Dasypus novemcinctus</em>. Hunted plots were visited 1.6 times more frequently than agriculturally managed plots. Crop lost to wildlife averaged 7.28% at agriculturally managed plots, 4.59% in plots subjected to hunting, and 27.61% in control plots. Species mainly responsible for damage were <em>Pecari tajacu</em>, <em>D. punctata, </em>and <em>Sapajus apella</em>. We concluded that both management strategies were effective to reduce damage by &gt;50% as compared to unmanaged crop plots.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

Social landscape of the night parrot in western Queensland, Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Garnett ◽  
Mark Kleinschmidt ◽  
Micha V. Jackson ◽  
Kerstin K. Zander ◽  
Stephen A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Property Management ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Wild Dog ◽  
High Level ◽  
Wild Dogs

The attitudes of the owners or managers of properties potentially supporting populations of night parrot (Pezoporus occidentalis) in western Queensland, Australia, were explored using interviews to understand whether they would be sympathetic to the species’ conservation. Eighteen interviews were carried out by a former member of the local grazing community and found a high level of support for conservation, especially if it did not unduly disrupt existing grazing management practices and there was compensation in the event property management needed to change. This included trying to limit burning and not overgrazing habitat in which the parrot might occur. It also included the cessation of wild dog baiting, which is conducted to reduce calf losses, although concern about wild dogs was deeply entrenched. While some graziers were indifferent, none were openly antagonistic to parrot conservation that might involve their property. The results suggest that collaborative management with local graziers can contribute substantially to conservation of the night parrot in the region and any fears that graziers might be antagonistic to night parrot conservation are ill-founded.

scholarly journals ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS DE UM TRECHO DE FLORESTA ATLÂNTICA DO MUNICÍPIO DE ANTONINA, PARANÁ, BRASIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia Borgo ◽  
Gilberto Tiepolo ◽  
Marcelo Reginato ◽  
Yoshiko Saito Kuniyoshi ◽  
Franklin Galvão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Forest Damage ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Forest Remnant

Com o objetivo de subsidiar futuros estudos de dinâmica da vegetação e efeitos das mudanças climáticas, realizou-se um levantamento florístico do componente arbóreo em área de Floresta Ombrófila Densa da Reserva Natural do Rio Cachoeira, em Antonina, Paraná. O levantamento foi realizado em 187 parcelas permanentes, que representam 23,5 ha amostrados. Foram identificadas 306 espécies distribuídas em 68 famílias. A zoocoria foi a síndrome de dispersão mais comum (81,7% das espécies). Espécies tolerantes à sombra superaram discretamente as não tolerantes (50,3% e 49,7%, respectivamente). Espécies de distribuição geográfica ampla representaram quase metade do total (48,4%). Desse conjunto florístico, 21 espécies encontram-se sob alguma categoria de risco de extinção, o que representa 6,9% do universo encontrado, valor maior que o verificado na maioria dos estudos conduzidos nessa mesma formação (em torno de 2%). Essa situação reflete os efeitos da pressão contínua a que a floresta está sujeita, onde a superexplotação de essências nativas ao longo dos anos, associada à deterioração da floresta por meio da fragmentação e da perda de hábitats, resulta em maior risco à conservação de espécies do bioma.Palavras-chave: Floresta Ombrófila Densa; florística; espécies ameaçadas; síndromes de dispersão. AbstractTree species from an Atlantic Forest remnant in Antonina, Paraná, Southern Brazil. Aiming to support new vegetation dynamics and climate change studies, a floristic survey of the tree species was conducted in the Atlantic Forest at Rio Cachoeira Natural Reserve, in Antonina municipality, Southern Brazil. The survey was intensified in 187 permanent plots, representing 23.5 ha of sampled area. The floristic collection was represented by 306 tree species, distributed in 68 families. Zoochory was the most common dispersion syndrome (81.7%). According to the shadow tolerance, 50.3% of the species were tolerant, while non-tolerant species were 49.7%. Wide geographical distribution species represented almost half of all this floristic set (48.4%).Threatened species were 6.9% of all species found (21), a higher value than that one reported to other studies on this forest type (around 2%). This situation shows the effects of continuous pressure on the forest, as the over exploitation of the vegetation through the years, associated to the forest damage by fragmentation and habitat loss process leads to the higher risks for species conservation on this biome.Keywords: Ombrophilous Dense Forest; floristic composition; threatened species; dispersion ways.

scholarly journals TREE COMPONENT DEMOGRAPHY IN AN UPPER MONTANE MIXED OMBROPHILOUS FOREST UNDER CHRONIC ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCES

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Pizutti Dallabrida ◽  
Aline Pereira Cruz ◽  
Chayane Cristina de Souza ◽  
Mariele Alves Ferrer da Silva ◽  
Vanessa de Fátima Soboleski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Structural Deterioration ◽  
Timber Products ◽  
Succession Process ◽  
Tree Component ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to understand the dynamics of an Upper Montane Mixed Ombrophilous Forest in the municipality of Painel, Santa Catarina, Brazil, where low-level but chronic disturbances, such as extensive cattle grazing and exploitation of non-timber products, are common practices. In 2008, permanent plots were allocated and all tree species with circumference at breast height (CBH) equal to or greater than 15.7 cm were measured. A second survey was conducted in 2014 by the same methodology. Mortality, recruitment, and basal area gain and loss rates were then determined. The tree species were classified into regeneration guilds and proportion tests were conducted to verify the associations between dynamics patterns and guilds. The community has shown a 2.3%.year-1 average mortality rate, a 2.2%.year-1 average recruitment rate, a 3.0%.year-1 average basal area gain rate and a 1.8%.year-1 average basal area loss rate. Species number has decreased from 55 to 48. Regeneration guilds have shown different dynamics patterns, where the pioneers have shown the greatest mortality (19.9%) and recruitment (15.6%) proportion and reduced representativeness in shade-tolerant climax species. Therefore, floristic impoverishment and higher representativeness reduction of late species have been observed. We have concluded that despite disturbances do not result in structural deterioration, they have the potential to slow the succession process and cause a floristic homogenization in the area under study.

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