Mitigación de daños provocados por fauna silvestre en cultivos agrícolas en un bosque montano de Bolivia

Wildlife is often blamed for causing damage to human activities, including agricultural practices and the result may be a conflict between human interests and species conservation. A formal assessment of the magnitude of damage is necessary to adequately conduct management practices and an assessment of the efficiency of different management practices, is necessary to enable managers to mitigate the conflict with rural people. This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of agricultural management practices and controlled hunting in reducing damage to subsistence annual crops at the Cotapata National Park and Natural Area of Integrated Management. The design included seven fields with modified agricultural practices, four fields subjected to control hunting, and five fields held as controls. We registered cultivar type, density, frequency of visiting species to the field, crops lost to wildlife, species responsible for damage, and crop biomass. Most frequent species in the fields were Dasyprocta punctata and Dasypus novemcinctus. Hunted plots were visited 1.6 times more frequently than agriculturally managed plots. Crop lost to wildlife averaged 7.28% at agriculturally managed plots, 4.59% in plots subjected to hunting, and 27.61% in control plots. Species mainly responsible for damage were Pecari tajacu, D. punctata, and Sapajus apella. We concluded that both management strategies were effective to reduce damage by >50% as compared to unmanaged crop plots.

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Farmers Integrated Management Challenges of Plantains Product at Cauvery Delta, Thanjavur District

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.b1138.0782s419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2S4) ◽

pp. 691-695

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Integrated Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Research Area ◽

Sustainable Growth ◽

Recent Trends ◽

Cauvery Delta ◽

On Farm ◽

The Relationship

In recent trends Farmers had been striving on farm management strategies to make their farming profitable. Farming activities are interdependent with various functions and strong inter-relations with production, finance and marketing. The Indian farmers were not acquainted with the modern management practices. Indian farmers plagued by various management challenges in their farming. However there is upward concern about the gap between the farmer’s potential and their actual earnings. The farmers are not obtaining the profit for their hard work and challenges towards farming. This paper explores the integrated farming challenges of production, finance and marketing factors pertaining plantain product growers. The research area is Cauvery Delta, Thanjavur District. Convenient sampling technique method is used in collecting the data. The data obtained from 315 samples are investigated using descriptive statistics. The correlation tool was used to find out the relationship among the variables. The Multiple Regression tool was used to find out the probable variables that influence the factors. Then, the reliability test was employed to check the reliable of the collected data. The SPSS IBM 20 package was used for data analysis. The outcome of the research will facilitate the researchers, agricultural extension, government and farmers for the agricultural sustainable growth.

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Weed phytosociology in diversified soybean production systems

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6supl2p3567 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽

pp. 3567-3580

Author(s):

Ivan Bordin ◽

◽

Osmar Maziero Buratto ◽

Andreia Cristina Peres Rodrigues da Costa ◽

Benedito Noedi Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Production Systems ◽

Integrated Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Suppressive Effect ◽

Ecological Interactions ◽

Weed Species ◽

Importance Value Index ◽

Importance Value ◽

Commelina Benghalensis

The knowledge of the impacts of the management practices used in each agricultural production system on the ecological interactions between commercial crops and weed populations can assist in the development of specific and sustainable integrated management strategies. This study aimed to assess weed communities in soybean in succession to second-crop corn and production systems with crop diversification in Northern Paraná State. The study was conducted during three agricultural years (2014/2017). Six treatments were setup: 1 – corn/soybean, corn/soybean, and corn/soybean), 2 – white oat/soybean, rye/corn, and wheat/soybean, 3 – oat + rye/soybean, oat + radish/corn, and congo grass/soybean, 4 – canola/corn, crambe/corn, and safflower/soybean, 5 – buckwheat/ radish/corn, bean/soybean, and buckwheat/oat/soybean, and 6 – wheat/corn + congo grass, canola/corn, and bean/soybean. The relative importance value index of each weed species and the soil cover (soil, straw, and weeds) were assessed. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with four replications of 300 m2 (20 × 15 m). The production systems white oat/soybean, rye/corn, and wheat/soybean; buckwheat/radish/corn, bean/soybean, buckwheat/oat/soybean; and wheat/corn+congo grass, canola/corn, bean/soybean had a suppressive effect on the species Commelina benghalensis. Euphorbia heterophylla and Digitaria horizontalis were the species most adapted to the assessed production systems. Seeds remaining from crambe and radish cultivations became volunteer plants in subsequent cultivations.

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Agroforestry and Management of Trees in Bunya County, Mayuge District, Uganda

International Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1155/2017/3046924 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Monica Kyarikunda ◽

Antonia Nyamukuru ◽

Daniel Mulindwa ◽

John R. S. Tabuti

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Species Conservation ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Tree Planting ◽

Plant Resources ◽

Anthropogenic Landscapes ◽

Rural People ◽

Tree Management ◽

Crop Fields ◽

Priority Species

Woody plant resources continue to disappear in anthropogenic landscapes in Uganda. To slow down further loss of these resources requires the collaboration of farmers in tree planting in agroforestry systems. Tree planting interventions with the collaboration of farmers require a good understanding of tree management practices as well as trees that best satisfy farmers’ needs. We carried out this research to determine (1) the most preferred tree species and reasons why they are preferred, (2) the species conservation statuses, and (3) existing tree management practices and challenges to tree planting. Fourteen priority species valued because they yield edible fruits and timber have been prioritised in this study. Farmers are interested in managing trees but are constrained by many factors, key among which is scarcity of land and financial capital to manage tree planting. Trees are managed in crop fields and around the homestead. From farmers’ reports, the highly valued species are increasing in the landscape. In conclusion, the potential to manage trees in agroforestry systems exists but is hampered by many challenges. Secondly, the liking of trees that supply edible fruits seems to support the welfare maximisation theory which ideally states that rural people manage trees with the aim of having regular access to products that satisfy their household needs and not for income generation.

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Environmental Policy, Land Rights, and Conflict: Rethinking Community Natural Resource Management Programs in Burkina Faso

Environment and Planning D Society and Space ◽

10.1068/d256 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 167-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Leslie C Gray

Keyword(s):

Burkina Faso ◽

Social Relations ◽

Land Tenure ◽

Management Practices ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Land Rights ◽

Participatory Development ◽

Unintended Consequences ◽

Migrant Farmers

In this paper I will examine the effects of the implementation of the Gestion des Terroirs approach in several villages in the cotton-growing region of southwestern Burkina Faso, an area of both extensive immigration and fast-paced socioeconomic change. Efforts to restructure land-tenure relations have failed, despite the rhetoric of participatory development, because projects misunderstand the nature of changing land rights, agricultural practices, and village social relations. Failures of efforts to zone land have been exacerbated because land has become a major site of conflict. Population growth and agricultural growth have led to land shortages, intensified competition, and overt conflict. Efforts to restructure landholding by using participatory development methods have had unintended consequences as individuals and groups manipulate meanings and representations about rights to land and land-management strategies in order to lay claim to land. On the one hand some local farmers are attempting to expel migrant farmers from land by invoking notions of who is and who is not using environmentally sound management practices. Migrant farmers, on the other hand, are fearful of leaving land fallow because they fear that the project or their local hosts will take it away from them. Both of these outcomes have increased tension among ethnic and generational groups and fostered mistrust of the motivations of environmental projects. Instead of homogeneous cooperative entities, villages are often based on conflict and competition. Projects, therefore, should focus on conflict resolution and reconciliation when attempting to restructure how natural resources are allocated.

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Using DNDC and WHCNS_Veg to Optimize Management Strategies for Improving Potato Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Northwest China

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11091858 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1858

Author(s):

Lingling Jiang ◽

Wentian He ◽

Rong Jiang ◽

Jun Zhang ◽

Yu Duan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Integrated Management ◽

N Uptake ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Northwest China ◽

Potato Yield ◽

N Use Efficiency ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

N Use

Excessive nitrogen (N) application rate led to low N use efficiency and environmental risks in a potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production system in northwest China. Process-based models are effective tools in agroecosystems that can be used to optimize integrated management practices for improving potato yield and N use efficiency. The objectives of this study were (1) to calibrate and evaluate the DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) and soil Water Heat Carbon Nitrogen Simulator of Vegetable (WHCNS_Veg) models using the measurements of potato yield, above-ground biomass, N uptake, soil moisture and temperature, and soil inorganic N based on a field experiment in northwest China (2017–2020) and (2) to explore optimal management practices for improving yield and N use efficiency under long-term climate variability (1981–2020). Both models overall performed well in simulating potato tuber yield (normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) = 5.4–14.9%), above-ground biomass (NRMSE = 6.0–14.7%), N uptake (NRMSE = 18.1–25.6%), daily soil temperature (index of agreement (d) > 0.9 and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (EF) > 0.8), and acceptable in-soil moisture and inorganic N content (d > 0.6 and EF > ‒1) for N-applied treatments. However, the two models underestimated tuber yield and soil N content for no N fertilization treatment which was partially attributed to the underestimated soil N mineralization rate under N stress conditions. The sensitivity analysis showed that the greatest tuber yield and N use efficiency were achieved at the N rate of 150–180 kg ha−1 with 2–3 splits, fertilization depth of 15–25 cm, and planting date of 25 April to 10 May in both models. This study highlights the importance of integrated management strategies in obtaining high N use efficiency and crop yield in potato production systems.

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BİLGİ YÖNETİMİ UYGULAMALARI KAPSAMINDA İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİMİNDE MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİMLER

Business And Management Studies An International Journal ◽

10.15295/bmij.v1i1.3 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Ozan Büyükyılmaz

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Management ◽

Human Resources ◽

Performance Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Human Resources Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Resources Management ◽

Management Philosophy ◽

Management Processes

The development and expansion of knowledge management as an important management philosophy has a significant impact on human resources management as well as on organization as a whole. In this context, knowledge management processes have been used as a strategic tool within human resources management.Therefore, functions of human resources management must adapt itself to this change. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of human resources management in the management of knowledge and to reveal the effects of knowledge management practices on the functions of human resources byexamining the relationship between human resources and knowledge management. In this context, a theoretical investigation was conducted. It has been determined that significant changes occurred on the functions of human resources management such as selection and recruitment, performance management, remuneration and reward, training and development within the framework of the knowledge management strategies.

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Concepts and Practices for Improving Nitrogen Management for Vegetables

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.2.1.121 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 121-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

George J. Hochmuth

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Management Strategies ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Nitrogen Management ◽

Land Grant ◽

Land Grant Universities ◽

Production Practices ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

N Management

Efficient N management practices usually involve many potential strategies, but always involve choosing the correct amount of N and the coupling of N management to efficient water management. Nitrogen management strategies are integral parts of improved production practices recommended by land-grant universities such as the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Univ. of Florida. This paper, which draws heavily on research and experience in Florida, outlines the concepts and technologies for managing vegetable N fertilization to minimize negative impacts on the environment.

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Sarasota Bay: Protection of a Natural Resource

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1993.0407 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (3-5) ◽

pp. 91-99

Author(s):

R. A. Wagner ◽

M. G. Heyl

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Modeling Tools ◽

Best Management ◽

Sarasota Bay ◽

Potential Benefits

As part of the Sarasota Bay National Estuary Program (NEP) evaluation of environmental problems, modeling tools were used to estimate pollution loadings from diverse sources, including surface runoff, baseflow, wastewater treatment plant discbarges, septic tanks, and direct deposition of rainfall on the bay surface. After assessing the relative impacts of the pollution sources, alternative management strategies were identified and analyzed. These strategies focused primarily on future development, and included structural and nonstructural best management practices (BMPs), as well as a regional wastewater treatment plan. Loading reductions, along with planning-level cost data and estimates of feasibility and other potential benefits, were used to identify the most promising alternatives.

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Increasing the Productivity and Profitability of Paddy through Front Line Demonstrations in Irrigated Agro Ecosystem of Kaymore Platue and Satpura Hills

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.v3i3.11377 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

DHANANJAI SINGH ◽

A.K. PATEL ◽

S.K. SINGH ◽

M.S. BAGHEL

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Scientific Practices ◽

Economic Returns ◽

Front Line ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Benefit Cost Ratio ◽

Sustainable Agricultural Practices ◽

Improved Technology

Krishi Vigyan Kendra laid down Front Line Demonstration in the year 2010-11 and 2011-12 introducing new, high yielding and scented variety “Pusa Sugandha-3” and applying scientific practices in their cultivation. The FLDs were carried out in village “Dainiha” of Sidhi district in supervision of KVK scientist. The productivity and economic returns of paddy in improved technologies were calculated and compared with the corresponding farmer's practices (local check). Improved practices recorded higher yield as compared to farmer's practices. The improved technology recorded higher yield of 30.83 q/ha and 32.65 q/ha in the year 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively than 22.13 and 24.21 q/ha. The average yield increase was observed 37.15 per cent. In spite of increase in yield of paddy, technology gap, extension gap and technology index existed. The improved technology gave higher gross return (37020 and 39180 Rs./ha), net return (16820 and 18920 Rs./ha) with higher benefit cost ratio (1.83 and 1.93) as compared to farmer's practices. The variation in per cent increase in the yield was found due to the poor management practices, lack of knowledge and poor socio economic condition. Under sustainable agricultural practices, with this study it is concluded that the FLDs programmes were effective in changing attitude, skill and knowledge of improved package and practices of HYV of paddy adoption.

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Legumes increase grassland productivity with no effect on nitrous oxide emissions

Plant and Soil ◽

10.1007/s11104-019-04338-w ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 446 (1-2) ◽

pp. 163-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Arlete S. Barneze ◽

Jeanette Whitaker ◽

Niall P. McNamara ◽

Nicholas J. Ostle

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Production Systems ◽

N Uptake ◽

Relative Proportion ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽

Mineral N ◽

Grassland Productivity

Abstract Aims Grasslands are important agricultural production systems, where ecosystem functioning is affected by land management practices. Grass-legume mixtures are commonly cultivated to increase grassland productivity while reducing the need for nitrogen (N) fertiliser. However, little is known about the effect of this increase in productivity on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in grass-legume mixtures. The aim of this study was to investigate interactions between the proportion of legumes in grass-legume mixtures and N-fertiliser addition on productivity and GHG emissions. We tested the hypotheses that an increase in the relative proportion of legumes would increase plant productivity and decrease GHG emissions, and the magnitude of these effects would be reduced by N-fertiliser addition. Methods This was tested in a controlled environment mesocosm experiment with one grass and one legume species grown in mixtures in different proportions, with or without N-fertiliser. The effects on N cycling processes were assessed by measurement of above- and below-ground biomass, shoot N uptake, soil physico-chemical properties and GHG emissions. Results Above-ground productivity and shoot N uptake were greater in legume-grass mixtures compared to grass or legume monocultures, in fertilised and unfertilised soils. However, we found no effect of legume proportion on N2O emissions, total soil N or mineral-N in fertilised or unfertilised soils. Conclusions This study shows that the inclusion of legumes in grass-legume mixtures positively affected productivity, however N cycle were in the short-term unaffected and mainly affected by nitrogen fertilisation. Legumes can be used in grassland management strategies to mitigate climate change by reducing crop demand for N-fertilisers.

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