scholarly journals High sulfate concentration enhances iron mobilization from organic soil to water

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-259
Author(s):  
Caroline Björnerås ◽  
Martin Škerlep ◽  
Dimitrios Floudas ◽  
Per Persson ◽  
Emma S. Kritzberg
Archaea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yanhao Zhang ◽  
Haohan Zhang ◽  
Zhibin Zhang ◽  
Yuchen Wang ◽  
Taha Marhaba ◽  
...  

This study investigated the performance of an autohydrogenotrophic membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) to remove nitrate from water with high sulfate concentrations. The results of simulated running showed that TN removal could be over than 98.8% with the maximum denitrification rate of 134.6 g N/m3 d under the conditions of the influent sulfate concentrations of 300 mg SO42−/l. The distribution ratio of H2 electron donor for nitrate and sulfate was 70.0 : 26.9 at the high influent loading ratio of sulfate/nitrate of 853.3 g SO42−/m3 d : 140.5 g N/m3 d, which indicated that denitrification bacteria (DB) were normally dominated to complete H2 electron with sulfate bacteria (SRB). The results of molecular microbiology analysis showed that the dominated DB were Rhodocyclus and Hydrogenophaga, and the dominated SRB was Desulfohalobium, under the high influent sulfate concentrations.


2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Montalvo ◽  
H. Prades ◽  
M. González ◽  
P. Pérez ◽  
L. Guerrero ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1838
Author(s):  
C. Kanellopoulos ◽  
N. Xirokostas

On Nisyros island as a result of the volcanic activity and active tectonic, a hydrothermal system develops and it is expressed by 5 types of surface manifestations: i) thermal springs, ii) fumaroles iii) hydrothermal craters, iv) hot grounds and v) mudpots. In general, a mudpot could be described as an acidic hot spring and fumarole with limited water which it is formed in high temperature geothermal areas. Water sample and depositions of mudpots collected, analyzed and studied from Stefanos hydrothermal crater, which is the only site on Nisyros Island, where mudpots occur. Mudpots water is very acidic (pH=2.4), with high sulfate concentration (1375mg/L), due to the H2S(gas) and temperature near the boiling point. As a result, elemental sulfur is found inside the depositions alongside with products of the hydrothermal alteration of the surrounding rocks. In the water and in the depositions were found high concentrations in several elements (e.g. in water: 55mg/L Fe; 19.5mg/L Zn, in depositions: 430mg/Kg Pb; 72mg/Kg Cu; 60mg/Kg Cr) reflecting the alterations processes which are taking place.


2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
Şebnem ÖZDEMİR ◽  
Dilek Akman ◽  
Kevser CIRIK ◽  
Serden Başak ◽  
Arzu Kılıç ◽  
...  

Amaç: Doğal sularda değişen yapılarda ve konsantrasyonlarda sülfat bileşikleri bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca bazı endüstriyel atıksuların sülfat miktarı yüksektir ve doğal sulara karıştıklarında alıcı ortamdaki sülfat miktarını arttırmaktadır. Mevcut aerobik sistemlerin artan enerji maliyetlerinin işletme giderimini önemli ölçüde yükseltmesi nedeniyle anaerobik sistemler ekonomik bir atıksu arıtma alternatifi olarak önem kazanmıştır. Bu yüzden son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar sülfat içeren atıksuların arıtımında anaerobik arıtımın üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Anaerobik arıtım sistemlerinden anaerobik perdeli reaktör (APR) yapılan çalışmalar ışığında sülfat indirgenmesi için iyi bir stratejidir. Fakat sülfat içeren atıksuların anaerobik arıtım performansını etkileyen birçok parametre mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada farklı hidrolik bekleme sürelerinin (HBS) anaerobik perdeli reaktörde yüksek sülfat konsantrasyonuna sahip atıksuların arıtılabilirlik çalışmasına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Tasarım ve Yöntem: APR yukarı akışlı anaerobik çamur yataklı reaktörün bir modifikasyonudur. Kullanılan APR’nin uzunluğu 80 cm, genişliği ve derinliği ise 20 cm’dir. Reaktör camdan imal edilmiş olup toplam su hacmi 19 L’dir. Reaktör perdeler ile 4,75 L’lik dört eşit bölmeye ayrılmıştır. Ayrıca, yönlendirme perdeleri kullanılarak reaktöre beslenen atıksuyun çamur yatağında aşağıdan yukarıya doğru bir yol izlemesi sağlanmıştır. Çalışmada sentetik atıksu kullanılıp elektron verici olarak etanol, elektron alıcı olarak ise sülfat kullanılmıştır. Reaktörün her bölmesinden pH, alkalinite, kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ), sülfat ve sülfür tayinleri için haftada 3 gün numune alınmıştır. Bulgular: APR 120 gün boyunca farklı HBS’lerde (2; 1,5; 1; 0,5 gün) işletilerek arıtım performansı izlenmiştir. Bekleme süresinin 2 gün olduğu çalışma koşullarında çıkış suyundaki KOİ ve SO4-2 verimleri %84 ile %88 olarak gözlemlenirken bekleme süresinin 0,5 gün olduğu çalışma koşullarında ise bu değer %80 ve %75 olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca bekleme süresinin 2 gün olduğu çalışma koşullarında son bölmedeki sülfür oluşum verimi % 75 iken, bekleme süresi 0,5 güne indirildiğinde aynı bölmedeki sülfür oluşum veriminin %96’a çıktığı gözlemlenmiştir. Çıkarımlar ve Özgün Değer: Yapılan bu çalışma ile yüksek sülfat konsantrasyona sahip atıksuların arıtımında anaerobik perdeli reaktörün iyi bir alternatif olabileceği kanıtlanmıştır. Ayrıca çıkış sülfat ve sülfür konsantrasyonlarının değişen HBS’den etkilenmediği gözlenmiştir. Effect of Different Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) on Sulfate Reduction in Anaerobic Baffled Reactor Design and Method: The anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is a modification of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. A laboratory scale ABR was inoculated with an effluent of a full scale anaerobic digester located in Kayseri Wastewater Treatment Plant, Turkey. Before inoculation, the sludge was sieved to remove coarse materials. The ABR was 20 cm wide, 80 cm long, 20 cm deep and constructed from glass, with a working volume of 19 L. Reactor was divided into four equal 4.75 L compartments by vertical baffles, each compartment having down-comer and riser regions created by further vertical baffle. The lower parts of down-comer baffles were angled at 450 in order to direct the flow evenly through the riser. Ethanol and sulfate are consumed as electron donor and electron acceptor, respectively. Sulfate, dissolved sulfide, pH, alkalinity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) have measured three times a week. Aim: There are varying structures and concentrations of sulfate compounds in natural waters. In addition, the amount of sulfate is higher in some industrial wastewaters In addition, some industrial wastewaters and natural waters. Due to rise energy costs of existing aerobic systems, anaerobic systems have gained importance as an economic alternative to wastewater treatment. So that, recent studies have focused on anaerobic treatment of wastewaters containing sulfate. Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) from anaerobic systems is a good strategy for the reduction of sulfate. However, many parameters that affect the performance of anaerobic treatment of wastewater containing sulfate are available. In this study, treatability wastewater containing high sulfate concentration investigated the effect of hydraulic retention times (HRT). Results: The performance of different hydraulic retention times (2; 1.5; 1; 0.5 day) were observed in ABR operated for 120 days. In working conditions of HRT is 2 days COD and sulfate removal efficiciency, respectively, were observed in 88% and 84% while in working conditions of HRT is 0.5 days these efficiencies were observed in 80% and 75%. Also the yield of sulfur formation under the same conditions had risen from 75% to 96% in last compartment. Inferences and Original Value: In this study, in anaerobic baffled reactor treatment of wastewaters with high sulfate concentration has proven to be a good alternative. Effluent sulfate and sulphur concentrations have not effected from varying hydraulic retention times.


1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1475-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Dutkiewicz ◽  
J.A. Halstead ◽  
P.P. Parekh ◽  
A. Khan ◽  
L. Husain

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Ekamaida Ekamaida

The soil fertility aspect is characterized by the good biological properties of the soil. One important element of the soil biological properties is the bacterial population present in it. This research was conducted in the laboratory of Microbiology University of Malikussaleh in the May until June 2016. This study aims to determine the number of bacterial populations in soil organic and inorganic so that can be used as an indicator to know the level of soil fertility. Data analysis was done by T-Test that is by comparing the mean of observation parameter to each soil sample. The sampling method used is a composite method, which combines 9 of soil samples taken from 9 sample points on the same plot diagonally both on organic soil and inorganic soil. The results showed the highest bacterial population was found in total organic soil cfu 180500000 and total inorganic soil cfu 62.500.000


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