The Timing of Onset of Mechanical Systole and Diastole in Reference to the QRS-T Complex: a Study to Determine Performance Criteria for a Non-Invasive Diastolic Timed Vibration Massage System in Treatment of Potentially Unstable Cardiac Disorders

Regular execution of quality control (QC) tests in medical diagnostic X-ray units is primarily important to provide high-quality images and proper diagnoses with least hazard. The performance criteria in diagnostic radiology in Zanzibar Islands, Tanzania were followed in accordance with the QC guidelines, and the values of the measured parameters were compared with the tolerance limits. The study was designed to perform QC tests on the diagnostic X-ray units in governmental and private hospitals. In this study six QC tests (beam alignment, beam collimation, kV reproducibility, half-value layer (HVL), mAs linearity and kV accuracy) were carried out by using beam alignment tool and Unfors non-invasive X-ray test device (Xi R/F&MAM detector). The measured parameters were conducted in two periods, from 2017 to 2018 (14 X-ray units were considered) and from 2019 to 2020 (16 X-ray units were considered). In both periods, the QC test results indicated that 100% of the X-ray units had acceptable HVL≥ 2.3 mm Al at 80 kVp. In the first period (2017−2018), the QC results showed that 78.57% and 85.71% had acceptable beam alignment (≤3% of the focus to image distance) and beam collimation (≤ ± 2 cm). Of the X-ray units evaluated, 85.71% had tolerable kV reproducibility of 5%, and 71.43% had mAs linearity within the tolerance limit of 10%, whereas 85.71% had acceptable kV accuracy within the tolerance limit of 5%. In the second period (2019−2020), the tolerance limits of X-ray units exceeded by 8.04% for kV reproducibility, 8.04% for kV accuracy, 16.07% for mAs linearity, 8.93% for beam alignment and 8.04% for beam collimation. The exceeded tolerance limits could be attributed to the new X-ray units which have full support of service agreements signed during the second period and increase of the compliances with the Tanzania Atomic Energy Act. No 7 of 2003 and its regulations. Results obtained highlight the need to regularly carry out comprehensive QC tests together with routine equipment maintenance.

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Early Prediction of Non-Cardiac disorders From ECG Using Lab view

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.b1003.0782s519 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2S5) ◽

pp. 13-17

Keyword(s):

Reference Signal ◽

Invasive Technique ◽

Cardiac Diseases ◽

Ecg Signal ◽

Early Prediction ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Cardiac Disorders ◽

Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽

Tolerance Method ◽

Time Acquisition

The Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most basic cardiological test done for any suspected diseases related to cardiological system. Abnormalities in any other system can also be detected with change in morphology of ECG. In this paper we note the changes in morphology of ECG for prediction of non-cardiac diseases like Emphysema, CNS haemorrhage, Thyroidism, Hypokalemia and Hyperkalemia. ECG is used to predict these diseases as it is a non-invasive technique and also the morphology of ECG wave is repetitive until any abnormality manifests itself through ECG. If any of the above mentioned non-cardiac diseases occur, significant changes appear in ECG signal and with the knowledge of these changes, early clues are provided regarding the diseases which are lifesaving. This paper works on acquisition and segmentation of ECG for extraction of features that are inevitable for the prediction of above mentioned diseases. The extracted features are classified as normal or abnormal based on the comparison with the reference signal. The reference signal contains information about the normal and abnormal morphological conditions of ECG which are segmented, extracted and stored prior in the LabVIEW. The automatic prediction of non-cardiac diseases is carried out with LabVIEW through which a tolerance method is used to correctly compare and predict that particular kind of disease. This will be later extended to real-time acquisition, processing and classification. The basic motive behind this project is to create an awareness and alert the patient before the fatal stage.

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Carbon nanotube materials for electrocardiography

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d0ra08679g ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 3020-3042

Author(s):

Anna Kolanowska ◽

Artur P. Herman ◽

Rafał G. Jędrysiak ◽

Sławomir Boncel

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Cardiac Disorders

Carbon nanotubes as 1D nanomaterials of excellent physicochemical characteristics bring hope to compete and eventually conquer traditional solutions in electrocardiography – the most powerful non-invasive diagnostic tools in cardiac disorders.

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Blind adaptive filtering for non-invasive extraction of the fetal electrocardiogram and its non-stationarities

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine ◽

10.1243/09544119jeim417 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 222 (8) ◽

pp. 1221-1234 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

D Graupe ◽

M H Graupe ◽

Y Zhong ◽

R K Jackson

Keyword(s):

Adaptive Filtering ◽

Time Domain ◽

Synthetic Data ◽

Fetal Electrocardiogram ◽

Filtering Algorithm ◽

Surface Electrodes ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Blind Adaptive ◽

Cardiac Disorders ◽

Monitoring Treatment

The objective is to extract automatically a beat-to-beat fetal electrocardiogram (fECG) from a maternal electrocardiogram (mECG) using surface electrodes placed on the maternal abdomen and to derive fetal PR, QT, QTc, and QS durations to allow early diagnosis and monitoring treatment of certain fetal cardiac disorders. mECG and abdominal noise in abdominal maternal recordings can be orders of magnitude stronger than the fECG signal and the P and T waves that are embedded in them. A two-stage blind adaptive filtering algorithm was used for fECG extraction, the first stage using frequency-domain electrocardiogram features and the second considering time-domain features. Three channels of abdominal recordings were obtained from 12 patients at 20–40 weeks of gestation. In each case beat-to-beat unaveraged fECGs were isolated. The combined filter allowed identification of diagnostically important PR, QT, and RR durations. Comparison with synthetic data is also included.

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A comparative study to evaluate the clinical utility and performance of a new hand-held mobile electrocardiogram device

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20201971 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 1726

Author(s):

Nagaraj Desai ◽

Sunil Kumar S. ◽

Guruprasad B. V. ◽

Poornima K. S.

Keyword(s):

Clinical Utility ◽

Performance Standards ◽

Handheld Devices ◽

Handheld Device ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Invasive Test ◽

Blinded Study ◽

St Elevation ◽

Cardiac Disorders ◽

And Performance

Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive test which can provide clue for the presence of cardiac diseases. Simple, handheld devices, sufficiently miniaturized are useful for a widespread use. New devices, however, need to be compared with the standard ones for their performance in the real-world practice. Here in we report clinical utility of a handheld device.Methods: KardioscreenTM is a mobile and handheld device. It’s been approved for safety and performance standards and it has been certified for ‘Conformite Europeenne’ (CE). Using this device, a comparative blinded study with a conventional and commercially available standard 12 lead ECG machine was one. 604 ECGs recorded from 302 patients with various clinical disorders were coded and analyzed by two blinded observers. A third cardiologist adjudicated the reports. The reports were then correlated for the ECG patterns generated and with the clinical diagnosis. Computer generated measurements of various durations and intervals were also analyzed and compared. Regression analysis was used to compare the values. SPSS 21 software was used to analyze the data.Results: Kardioscreen device could provide recordings to diagnose including ST elevation (99%), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (94.1%), chamber-hypertrophy (87%), conduction blocks (99%), and arrhythmias (96.4%), with good correlations with the comparator for pattern recognition. Also, computer generated measurements were significantly correlated with the comparator (R=0.96 for HR, R=0.82 for QRSd, R=0.86 for QT/QTc, R=0.76 for PR).Conclusions: The Kardioscreen device is a reliable tool for electrocardiographic diagnosis of common clinical cardiac disorders.

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X-ray microtomography

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100107058 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 998-999

Author(s):

H.W. Deckman ◽

B.F. Flannery ◽

J.H. Dunsmuir ◽

K.D' Amico

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Internal Structure ◽

Imaging Technique ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Tissue Structure ◽

Individual Element ◽

X Ray ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Panoramic Imaging ◽

Three Dimensional Images

We have developed a new X-ray microscope which produces complete three dimensional images of samples. The microscope operates by performing X-ray tomography with unprecedented resolution. Tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique that creates maps of the internal structure of samples from measurement of the attenuation of penetrating radiation. As conventionally practiced in medical Computed Tomography (CT), radiologists produce maps of bone and tissue structure in several planar sections that reveal features with 1mm resolution and 1% contrast. Microtomography extends the capability of CT in several ways. First, the resolution which approaches one micron, is one thousand times higher than that of the medical CT. Second, our approach acquires and analyses the data in a panoramic imaging format that directly produces three-dimensional maps in a series of contiguous stacked planes. Typical maps available today consist of three hundred planar sections each containing 512x512 pixels. Finally, and perhaps of most import scientifically, microtomography using a synchrotron X-ray source, allows us to generate maps of individual element.

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