Intelligent Restoration of Historical Parametric Geometric Patterns by Zernike Moments and Neural Networks

Historical Islamic ornaments include a fantastic treasury of geometric and mathematical algorithms. Inevitably, restoration of these ornaments in periodic patterns consisting of repeated elements has been faced following and substituting the other available similar ingredients instead of vanished parts. Still, the prediction of parametric, quasi, or non-periodic patterns, where components are not identical, needs to be carried out in a more challenging process than the periodic ones due to shape, scale, or angle of rotation alteration. Intelligent restoration could facilitate the forecasting of damaged parts in such geometric patterns that an algorithm has changed their geometric characteristics. In some architectural heritage, geometric patterns include a parametric algorithm like parametric patterns in the ceiling of Sheikh Lotfollahmosque in Isfahan, Iran, and the dominant structure of Persian domes Karbandi. In this article, the aim is to propose a new method for the smart restoration of the parametric geometric patterns in which, by having access to the image of the existing patterns, the vanished parts could be reconstructed spontaneously. Our approach is based on image processing by detecting boundaries of deterioration, finding every individual element, and extracting features of detected individual patterns via Zernike moments. The order of individual patterns starts from the farthest pattern to detected deterioration. Then by creating a time series, the Back-propagation neural network would be trained by extracted features, and the vanished patterns’ features could be predicted and reconstructed. Eventually, the reconstructed and real patterns are compared to determine differences between them by mean-squared error and to evaluate the performance of our method. To validate the process, a parametric geometric pattern is designed by the assumption that some parts are disappeared. The proposed method’s results, in this case, hold an efficient performance with the accuracy of 92.99%. Furthermore, Sheikh Lotfollah’s patterns and Naseredin Mirza mansion’s patterns as two real cases are tested by the proposed method, representing reliable and suitable performance results.

METHODICAL APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT OF EXPENSES OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

The article analyzes the problem of formation of a single, effective and universal methodological approach to cost management of an industrial enterprise as an important aspect for its success in the competitive domestic markets of Ukraine and in the conduct of foreign economic activity in the world market. The necessity of a clear understanding of the economic essence of the category "costs" is revealed and it is determined that the category "costs" is all the resources and factors of production that require accounting, expressed in monetary form, as well as used in the process of economic activity to obtain a financial result and necessary for its analysis, management decision – making, and is an internal price-forming factor. We systematize the components of the concept of "expenses". The approaches to the concept of the economic essence of costs in General covers all spheres of activity and summarizes the types of costs inherent in the enterprises of the industrial complex. The proposed definition of the category "costs" will improve the efficiency of their management; strengthen the control of their consumption; identify reserves to improve performance; improve the organization and methodology of cost accounting at the industrial enterprise. Negative factors of influence on financial and economic activity of industrial enterprises are also allocated and it is proved that efficiency of actions for reduction of expenses depends on degree of their coordination with tasks of activity and development of the enterprise. Built a mechanism for the distribution functions of the system management costs of industrial enterprises and revealed that the distribution of functions and objectives of the cost management system must be implemented in concert with management functions of an industrial enterprise. It is concluded that the cost management system of an industrial enterprise is a complex of related elements and relations in the enterprise management system, which, due to the rational use of its resources, ensure its stable functioning. Each individual element performs the corresponding functions and tasks of the cost management system. The effectiveness of the functions and tasks of the cost management system depends on the degree of feedback from the control of the cost management activities of the enterprise to its planning.

System-synergetic approach to studying the essence of state power

This article is devoted to the problem of cognition and understanding of the essence of state power. Actualization is carried out by searching for a new paradigm approach in order to determine the fundamental principles that are correlated with the idea to optimize and increase the efficiency of the corresponding sphere of public relations. Acting as an alternative to the substantial and relativistic approach to the study of state power, the system-synergetic approach analyzes the phenomenon of power based on the definition of system, within which the functions of communication and regulation of public relations are assigned to power. As a result, power is seen as a property or function of a social, in particular, political system, the need for which is determined by the presence of society itself and the task of maintaining its integrity. The analysis allows stating that in most modern concepts there is a consistent rejection of the traditional interpretation of power as the result of subject-object relations, where the subject of power is an active, energetic principle, and the object undergoes impact. In contrast to the position of traditionalism, there is a tendency to interpret power as a complex polysystem permeating the entire social structure of society. As a structural and synergistic effect of the system, power is not a property of its individual element, since each element must certainly be correlated with other units of the given system. Power is an intrasystem relatedness of all elements. As a structural principle, power is realized on the basis of equivalent exchange, which means not the equivalence of the exchanged elements, but a situation in which one element is unconceivable without the other, i.e. one element exists in relation to the other, and co-develops with it. Thus, power really fulfills the function of streamlining socio-political ties, making their separation and differentiation expedient. Power, therefore, is the beginning, creating structures, increasing heterogeneities in a continuous social environment and connecting them together. Such a view allows interpreting power as a principle of functioning of the state system: if the state system, with the help of some value proposition, manages to reproduce the corresponding content of consciousness, then it functions quite stably.

An Application of Probabilistic Risk Assessment PRA Methodology in the Optimization of CO2 Injection Well Locations for CO2 Storage Development Plan, Offshore Malaysia

A depleted gas field in the Sarawak basin, offshore Malaysia, was selected as a candidate geological site for CO2 storage. The selection and design for the CO2 injection well locations are an important decision making in the business planning, which involved a complicated risk assessment system covering subsurface and surface integration. The objective in this paper is to apply the probabilistic risk assessment method in the optimization of CO2 injection well locations for the CO2 storage development plan. Risk comes from uncertainty, so the workflow with probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) methodology includes: 1) the risk identification and sensitivity analysis: the definition of uncertainty elements; 2) the risk analysis: the uncertainty ranges and distributions; and 3) Risk evaluation: including the individual element and composite risk evaluation. Similar to risk matrix method, two parameters used: 1) the likelihood (Pi) of occurrence of each consequence, expressed by the percentile of a threshold; and 2) the severity magnitude (Ii) of the possible adverse consequences, expressed by the coefficient of variation. The total risk is the sum of the products of Pi and Ii, displayed on the risk map. The workflow and methodology were applied in a depleted gas reservoir for CO2 storage. The main elements identified for uncertainty analysis include: 1) structural model including the top of reservoir depth and internal reservoir zonation; 2) reservoir parameters based on porosity and permeability; 3) fluid contacts. Combing all possible cases for each element, a number of scenarios of reservoir models were constructed, which are the foundation of risk evaluation. Risk score, expressed by probability, was calculated by all elements, generating a composite risk probability map, where there are different risk levels at different locations. Combining with engineering constraints, the CO2 injection well locations were selected by optimization, avoiding the area with high risk.

Multielemental Screening and Analytical Method Validation for Determination of Elemental Impurity in Sucroferric Oxyhydroxide by Using (ICP-MS)

A highly selective, specific, precise sensitive and reliable ICPMS method has been developed and validated by using ICP-MS for the determination of multielement in Sucroferric oxyhydroxide. The described ICP-MS method provides specific detection and quantification of minor and trace elements from 0.3J(30%) to 2J(200%) of its individual specification of each element i.e Ag, As, Au, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ir, Li, Mo, Ni, Os, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Sb, Se, Sn, Tl, and V.The analytical method found to be Linear for each individual element with working concentration range from 30%, 50%, 100%, 150% and 200% i.e 0.3J, 0.5J, 1J, 1.5J and 2J with correlation coefficient not less than 0.990.The % recoveries of elemental impurities of each individual elements at three different concentrations with spiking in samples were found to be an acceptable range as 70% to 150%.The method was found to be precise and robust and its relative standard deviation was below 20%.The actual observed relative standard deviation in Precision was found to be in an acceptable range. Therefore developed method can be use for routine quantitative analysis of elemental impurities like Ag, As, Au, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ir, Li, Mo, Ni, Os, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Sb, Se, Sn, Tl, and V to ensure the quality of drug product.

Complex structure of place name has minority language origin in Tuyen Quang Province, Viet Nam

A place with an ethnic minority language origin in Tuyen Quang is a place where a part of the words is the language of the ethnic minorities in the area. The word "element" here is understood as the basic elements, the basis of the place name, which can be a common element or an individual element. Usually, the element with the origin of the ethnic minority language is often located in the individual element, but sometimes in the common element. Thus, in the place names, there must be an element that can easily recognize the ethnic minorities in them. In this work, we learn about the characteristics of place names based on survey documents of place names with elements of ethnic minority languages written in National language and places in the original form fieldwork surveying and descriptive methods as well as interdisciplinary approach and some other methods have been utilized in the research.

Integrated Assessment of Affinity to Chemical Fractions and Environmental Pollution with Heavy Metals: A New Approach Based on Sequential Extraction Results

To assess the affinity degree of heavy metals (HMs) to geochemical phases, many indices with several limitations are used. Thus, this study aims to develop a new complex index for assessing contamination level and affinity to chemical fractions in various solid environmental media. For this, a new integrated approach using the chemical affinity index (CAF) is proposed. Comparison of CAF with %F on the literature examples on fractionation of HMs from soils, bottom sediments, atmospheric PM10, and various particle size fractions of road dust proved a less significant role of the residual HMs fraction and a greater contribution of the rest of the chemical fractions in the pollution of all studied environments. This fact is due to the normalization relative to the global geochemical reference standard, calculations of contribution of an individual element to the total pollution by all studied HMs, and contribution of the particular chemical fraction to the total HMs content taken into account in CAF. The CAF index also shows a more significant role in pollution and chemical affinity of mobile and potentially mobile forms of HMs. The strong point of CAF is the stability of the obtained HM series according to the degree of chemical affinity and contamination. Future empirical studies are necessary for the more precise assessment of CAF taking into account the spatial distribution of HMs content, geographic conditions, geochemical factors, the intensity of anthropogenic impact, environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, precipitation, pH value, the content of organic matter, electrical conductivity, particle size distribution, etc.). The combined use of CAF along with other indices allows a more detailed assessment of the strength of HMs binding to chemical phases, which is crucial for understanding the HMs’ fate in the environment.

Suggested Absence of Horizontal Transfer of Retrotransposons between Humans and Domestic Mammal Species

Transposable element sequences are usually vertically inherited but have also spread across taxa via horizontal transfer. Previous investigations of ancient horizontal transfer of transposons have compared consensus sequences, but this method resists detection of recent single or low copy number transfer events. The relationship between humans and domesticated animals represents an opportunity for potential horizontal transfer due to the consistent shared proximity and exposure to parasitic insects, which have been identified as plausible transfer vectors. The relatively short period of extended human–animal contact (tens of thousands of years or less) makes horizontal transfer of transposons between them unlikely. However, the availability of high-quality reference genomes allows individual element comparisons to detect low copy number events. Using pairwise all-versus-all megablast searches of the complete suite of retrotransposons of thirteen domestic animals against human, we searched a total of 27,949,823 individual TEs. Based on manual comparisons of stringently filtered BLAST search results for evidence of vertical inheritance, no plausible instances of HTT were identified. These results indicate that significant recent HTT between humans and domesticated animals has not occurred despite the close proximity, either due to the short timescale, inhospitable recipient genomes, a failure of vector activity, or other factors.

LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL UNIVERSALS, CONCEPTS, DEFINITIONS: PHENOMENOLOGY OF CONCEPTOLOGY

В статье обсуждаются дискуссионные вопросы лингвокультурологии, концептологии, языковой картины мира, национального коммуникативного поведения. Рассматриваются не получившие пока однозначного решения дефиниции концепта, различные подходы к отождествлению концепта и понятия, значения и концепта (и основания таких отождествлений). Дискуссионной, по мнению критиков лингвокультурологии, является и методика выделения концепта, преодоление порочного круга рассуждения типа «концепты выделяются по признаку непереводимости, а основным свойством концептов является непереводимость». Неясным предстает вопрос, является ли концепт абстракцией общности говорящих или индивидуальной эмоционально окрашенной единицей сознания. Представлена идея национального языка как фикции, состоящей из множества динамично меняющихся социолектов, что не свидетельствует в пользу возможности выделения «национальных концептов». Обсуждается линия критики концептологии, связанная с обсуждением спорных вопросов этнологии, «национального характера», этноса, народа, нации. Продемонстрирована линия критики лингвокультурологии концептов, исходя из тезиса о невозможности отождествления языка и мышления и языка и культуры. Принципиальная переводимость, синонимия, возможность эквивалентной субституции, билингвизм свидетельствуют в пользу отсутствия непереводимых национальных концептов. Критики лингокультурологии считают, что национальный язык - часто не источник сведений о культуре и мышлении народа. Целый народ не разговаривает на едином национальном языке, который диктует этому народу, как ему мыслить, а также предопределяет модели его поведения. Дискуссионной для критиков концептологии предстает и языковая картина мира. The article discusses the debatable questions of linguistic cultural studies, studies of concepts in linguistics, linguistic cognitive maps, national communicative behavior. The paper scrutinizes the definitions of the concept that are still far from being universally acknowledged and final, looks at different approaches identifying linguistic concepts with meanings and notions ( and at facts that are the foundations of such extrapolations). The mute point for those who criticize conceptual studies is the method of identifying the concept, overcoming the vicious circle in argumentation that «concepts are singled out ad the key elements of the language that cannot be translated properly, and the main characteristic of the concepts is the absence of such adequate translation». It is still not clear whether the concept is the abstract notion of the community or the emotional individual element in the consciousness of the individual user of the language. The paper highlights the idea of representing the national language as a fiction consisting of varieties of social dialects, which are characterized by dynamic changes. This idea is contradicting the possibility of singling out national concepts in national mentality, judging by the language knowledge. Discussed in the paper are the questions of national character, ethnos, nation, ethnology. The paper describes the criticism of conceptology that stresses the fallacies of identifying the language with the culture, and language with the peoples’ character and thinking. The possibility of translation for every word and concept, the status of bilingual consciousness, the possibility of finding synonymous ways of rendering everything are the arguments against unique non-translatable national concepts. The criticism of linguistic conceptual studies states that quite often the language is not a source of national culture and thinking of a whole nation (ethnic group). That ethic group does not possess the language as a mechanism that prompts all the members of the ethnic group how to think and behave. One more debatable question is the existence of the linguistic map of the universe.

Real-Time Volumetric Ultrasound Research Platform with 1024 Parallel Transmit and Receive Channels

Volumetric ultrasound imaging is of great importance in many medical fields, especially in cardiology, but also in therapy monitoring applications. For development of new imaging technologies and scanning strategies, it is crucial to be able to use a hardware platform that is as free and flexible as possible and does not restrict the user in his research in any way. For this purpose, multi-channel ultrasound systems are particularly suitable, as they are able to control each individual element of a matrix array without the use of a multiplexer. We set out to develop a fully integrated, compact 1024-channel ultrasound system that provides full access to all transmission parameters and all digitized raw data of each transducer element. For this purpose, we synchronize four research scanners of our latest “DiPhAS” ultrasound research system generation, each with 256 parallel channels, all connected to a single PC on whose GPUs the entire signal processing is performed. All components of the system are housed in a compact, movable 19-inch rack. The system is designed as a general-purpose platform for research in volumetric imaging; however, the first-use case will be therapy monitoring by tracking radiation-sensitive ultrasound contrast agents.