scholarly journals Early Prediction of Non-Cardiac disorders From ECG Using Lab view

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S5) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Keyword(s):  
Reference Signal ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Early Prediction ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cardiac Disorders ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Tolerance Method ◽  
Time Acquisition

The Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most basic cardiological test done for any suspected diseases related to cardiological system. Abnormalities in any other system can also be detected with change in morphology of ECG. In this paper we note the changes in morphology of ECG for prediction of non-cardiac diseases like Emphysema, CNS haemorrhage, Thyroidism, Hypokalemia and Hyperkalemia. ECG is used to predict these diseases as it is a non-invasive technique and also the morphology of ECG wave is repetitive until any abnormality manifests itself through ECG. If any of the above mentioned non-cardiac diseases occur, significant changes appear in ECG signal and with the knowledge of these changes, early clues are provided regarding the diseases which are lifesaving. This paper works on acquisition and segmentation of ECG for extraction of features that are inevitable for the prediction of above mentioned diseases. The extracted features are classified as normal or abnormal based on the comparison with the reference signal. The reference signal contains information about the normal and abnormal morphological conditions of ECG which are segmented, extracted and stored prior in the LabVIEW. The automatic prediction of non-cardiac diseases is carried out with LabVIEW through which a tolerance method is used to correctly compare and predict that particular kind of disease. This will be later extended to real-time acquisition, processing and classification. The basic motive behind this project is to create an awareness and alert the patient before the fatal stage.

scholarly journals A Novel Broadband Forcecardiography Sensor for Simultaneous Monitoring of Respiration, Infrasonic Cardiac Vibrations and Heart Sounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Andreozzi ◽  
Gaetano D. Gargiulo ◽  
Daniele Esposito ◽  
Paolo Bifulco
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Heart Sounds ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Electronic Stethoscope ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

The precordial mechanical vibrations generated by cardiac contractions have a rich frequency spectrum. While the lowest frequencies can be palpated, the higher infrasonic frequencies are usually captured by the seismocardiogram (SCG) signal and the audible ones correspond to heart sounds. Forcecardiography (FCG) is a non-invasive technique that measures these vibrations via force sensing resistors (FSR). This study presents a new piezoelectric sensor able to record all heart vibrations simultaneously, as well as a respiration signal. The new sensor was compared to the FSR-based one to assess its suitability for FCG. An electrocardiogram (ECG) lead and a signal from an electro-resistive respiration band (ERB) were synchronously acquired as references on six healthy volunteers (4 males, 2 females) at rest. The raw signals from the piezoelectric and the FSR-based sensors turned out to be very similar. The raw signals were divided into four components: Forcerespirogram (FRG), Low-Frequency FCG (LF-FCG), High-Frequency FCG (HF-FCG) and heart sounds (HS-FCG). A beat-by-beat comparison of FCG and ECG signals was carried out by means of regression, correlation and Bland–Altman analyses, and similarly for respiration signals (FRG and ERB). The results showed that the infrasonic FCG components are strongly related to the cardiac cycle (R2 > 0.999, null bias and Limits of Agreement (LoA) of ± 4.9 ms for HF-FCG; R2 > 0.99, null bias and LoA of ± 26.9 ms for LF-FCG) and the FRG inter-breath intervals are consistent with ERB ones (R2 > 0.99, non-significant bias and LoA of ± 0.46 s). Furthermore, the piezoelectric sensor was tested against an accelerometer and an electronic stethoscope: synchronous acquisitions were performed to quantify the similarity between the signals. ECG-triggered ensemble averages (synchronized with R-peaks) of HF-FCG and SCG showed a correlation greater than 0.81, while those of HS-FCG and PCG scored a correlation greater than 0.85. The piezoelectric sensor demonstrated superior performances as compared to the FSR, providing more accurate, beat-by-beat measurements. This is the first time that a single piezoelectric sensor demonstrated the ability to simultaneously capture respiration, heart sounds, an SCG-like signal (i.e., HF-FCG) and the LF-FCG signal, which may provide information on ventricular emptying and filling events. According to these preliminary results the novel piezoelectric FCG sensor stands as a promising device for accurate, unobtrusive, long-term monitoring of cardiorespiratory functions and paves the way for a wide range of potential applications, both in the research and clinical fields. However, these results should be confirmed by further analyses on a larger cohort of subjects, possibly including also pathological patients.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Nanoscience in the Developing World: Rapid Detection and Remediation in Wastewater

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adeel ◽  
Tahir Farooq ◽  
Noman Shakoor ◽  
Sunny Ahmar ◽  
Sajid Fiaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Early Prediction ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Targeted Detection

Given the known presence of SARS-Cov-2 in wastewater, stemming disease spread in global regions where untreated effluent in the environment is common will experience additional pressure. Though development and preliminary trials of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 have been launched in several countries, rapid and effective alternative tools for the timely detection and remediation of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, especially in the developing countries, is of paramount importance. Here, we propose a promising, non-invasive technique for early prediction and targeted detection of SARS-CoV-2 to prevent current and future outbreaks. Thus, a combination of nanotechnology with wastewater-based epidemiology and artificial intelligence could be deployed for community-level wastewater virus detection and remediation.

scholarly journals Adaptive Noise Filter for Real-Time Stress ECG Signal Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30.8 (147) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Van Manh Hoang ◽  
◽  
Manh Thang Pham
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Filter ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Motion Artifact ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Noise Filter ◽  
Adaptive Noise ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

The stress Electrocardiogram (ECG) gives more efficient results for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, which may not be apparent when the patients are at rest. However, the noise produced by the movement of the patient and the environment often contaminates the ECG signal. Motion artifact is the most prevalent and difficult type of interference to filter in stress test ECG. It corrupts the quality of the desired signal thus reducing the reliability of the stress test. In this work, we first describe a quantitative study of adaptive filtering for processing the stress ECG signals. The proposed method uses the motion information obtained from a 3-axis accelerometer as a noise reference signal for the adaptive filter and the optimal weight of the adaptive filter is adjusted by the Modified Error Data Normalized Step-Size (MEDNSS) algorithm. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm is tested on the stress ECG signal from the subject.

scholarly journals PLI Cancellation in ECG Signal Based on Adaptive Filter by Using Wiener-Hopf Equation for Providing Initial Condition

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anchalee Manosueb ◽  
Jeerasuda Koseeyaporn ◽  
Paramote Wardkein
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Filter ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Matlab Program ◽  
Analytical Response ◽  
Power Line Interference ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Frequency Power ◽  
Line Interference

This paper presents a technique for finding the optimal initial weight for adaptive filter by using difference equation. The obtained analytical response of the system identifies the appropriate weights for the system and shows that the MSE depends on the initial weight. The proposed technique is applied to eliminate the known frequency power line interference (PLI) signal in the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. The PLI signal is considered as a combination of cosine and sine signals. The adaptive filter, therefore, attempts to adjust the amplitude of cosine and sine signals to synthesize a reference signal very similar to the contaminated PLI signal. To compare the potential of the proposed technique to other techniques, the system is simulated by using the Matlab program and the TMS320C6713 digital board. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed technique enables the system to eliminate the PLI signal with the fastest time and gains the superior results of the recovered ECG signal.

scholarly journals ECG De-noising using Hybrid Linearization Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
P Sri Lakshmi ◽  
V Lokesh Raju
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Extended Kalman Filter ◽  
Linearization Method ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Original Signal ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Noise Contamination ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

<p>Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive tool that monitors the electrical activity of the heart. An ECG signal is highly prone to the disturbances such as noise contamination, artifacts and other signals interference. So, an ECG signal has to be de-noised so that the distortions can be eliminated from the original signal for the perfect diagnosing of the condition and performance of the heart. Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) de-noises an ECG signal to some extent. This project proposes a method called Hybrid Linearization Method which is a combination of Extended Kalman Filter along with Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) resulting in an improved de-noised signal.</p>

USING DOPPLER TO ASSESS THE FETAL HEALTH FOR THE PREDICTION OF GESTATIONAL OUTCOME

2014 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Thi Linh Giang Truong ◽  
Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Key Words Doppler

Background: Assessment of fetal health plays the most important role in prenatal care because of influence of the prediction of gestational outcome. One of the main aims of routine antenatal care is to identify the ‘ at risk ‘ fetus in order to apply clinical interventions which could results in reduced perinatal morbidity and mortality. Doppler ultrasound is a non invasive technique whereby the movement of blood is studied by detecting the change in frequence of reflected sound, Doppler blood flow velocity waves form of fetal side (umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery ...) and maternal side ( uterine arteries) are discussed and monograms for routine practice are presented. Recently this method is important tool for qualifying high risk pregnancies and help early forecasts the health of the babies and mothers disorder. Doppler sonography in obstetrics is a widely accepted functional method of examining the prediction of gestational outcome. Key words: Doppler, umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, uterine arteries

scholarly journals Differential effects of the blood pressure state on pulse rate variability and heart rate variability in critically ill patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Mejía-Mejía ◽  
James M. May ◽  
Mohamed Elgendi ◽  
Panayiotis A. Kyriacou
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Pulse Transit Time ◽  
Pulse Rate Variability ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

AbstractHeart rate variability (HRV) utilizes the electrocardiogram (ECG) and has been widely studied as a non-invasive indicator of cardiac autonomic activity. Pulse rate variability (PRV) utilizes photoplethysmography (PPG) and recently has been used as a surrogate for HRV. Several studies have found that PRV is not entirely valid as an estimation of HRV and that several physiological factors, including the pulse transit time (PTT) and blood pressure (BP) changes, may affect PRV differently than HRV. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PRV and HRV under different BP states: hypotension, normotension, and hypertension. Using the MIMIC III database, 5 min segments of PPG and ECG signals were used to extract PRV and HRV, respectively. Several time-domain, frequency-domain, and nonlinear indices were obtained from these signals. Bland–Altman analysis, correlation analysis, and Friedman rank sum tests were used to compare HRV and PRV in each state, and PRV and HRV indices were compared among BP states using Kruskal–Wallis tests. The findings indicated that there were differences between PRV and HRV, especially in short-term and nonlinear indices, and although PRV and HRV were altered in a similar manner when there was a change in BP, PRV seemed to be more sensitive to these changes.

scholarly journals Thermal Liquid Biopsy (TLB) Focused on Benign and Premalignant Pancreatic Cyst Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Sonia Hermoso-Durán ◽  
Guillermo García-Rayado ◽  
Laura Ceballos-Laita ◽  
Carlos Sostres ◽  
Sonia Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Pancreatic Cyst ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Background Current ◽  
Interesting Point ◽  
Pancreatic Lesion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
New Biomarkers

Background: Current efforts in the identification of new biomarkers are directed towards an accurate differentiation between benign and premalignant cysts. Thermal Liquid Biopsy (TLB) has been previously applied to inflammatory and tumor diseases and could offer an interesting point of view in this type of pathology. Methods: In this work, twenty patients (12 males and 8 females, average ages 62) diagnosed with a pancreatic cyst benign (10) and premalignant (10) cyst lesions were recruited, and biological samples were obtained during the endoscopic ultrasonography procedure. Results: Proteomic content of cyst liquid samples was studied and several common proteins in the different groups were identified. TLB cyst liquid profiles reflected protein content. Also, TLB serum score was able to discriminate between healthy and cysts patients (71% sensitivity and 98% specificity) and between benign and premalignant cysts (75% sensitivity and 67% specificity). Conclusions: TLB analysis of plasmatic serum sample, a quick, simple and non-invasive technique that can be easily implemented, reports valuable information on the observed pancreatic lesion. These preliminary results set the basis for a larger study to refine TLB serum score and move closer to the clinical application of TLB providing useful information to the gastroenterologist during patient diagnosis.

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