Understanding the role of climatic and environmental variables in gonadal maturation and spawning periodicity of spotted snakehead, Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793) in a tropical floodplain wetland, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan Karnatak ◽  
Uttam Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Malay Naskar ◽  
Koushik Roy ◽  
Sandipan Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Floodplain Wetland ◽  
Channa Punctata ◽  
Gonadal Maturation ◽  
Tropical Floodplain ◽  
Spawning Periodicity

scholarly journals Monitoring studies should consider temporal variability to reveal relations between cyanobacterial abundance and environmental variables

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 1717-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIANA WOJCIECHOWSKI ◽  
ANDRÉ A. PADIAL
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Cyanobacteria Blooms ◽  
Environment Variables ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
The Relationship

One of the main goals of monitoring cyanobacteria blooms in aquatic environments is to reveal the relationship between cyanobacterial abundance and environmental variables. Studies typically correlate data that were simultaneously sampled. However, samplings occur sparsely over time and may not reveal the short-term responses of cyanobacterial abundance to environmental changes. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that stronger cyanobacteria x environment relationships in monitoring are found when the temporal variability of sampling points is incorporated in the statistical analyses. To this end, we investigated relationships between cyanobacteria and seven environmental variables that were sampled twice yearly for three years across 11 reservoirs, and data from an intensive monitoring in one of these reservoirs. Poor correlations were obtained when correlating data simultaneously sampled. In fact, the 'highly recurrent' role of phosphorus in cyanobacteria blooms is not properly observed in all sampling periods. On the other hand, the strongest correlation values for the total phosphorus x cyanobacteria relationship were observed when we used the variation of sampling points. We have also shown that environment variables better explain cyanobacteria when a time lag is considered. We conclude that, in cyanobacteria monitoring, the best approach to reveal determinants of cyanobacteria blooms is to consider environmental variability.

scholarly journals Detecting environment-dependent diversification from phylogenies: a simulation study and some empirical illustrations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lewitus ◽  
Hélène Morlon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Species Trees ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Extinction Rates ◽  
Dependency Tree ◽  
Species Evolution ◽  
Abiotic Variables

AbstractUnderstanding the relative influence of various abiotic and biotic variables on diversification dynamics is a major goal of macroevolutionary studies. Recently, phylogenetic approaches have been developed that make it possible to estimate the role of various environmental variables on diversification using time-calibrated species trees, paleoenvironmental data, and maximum-likelihood techniques. These approaches have been effectively employed to estimate how speciation and extinction rates vary with key abiotic variables, such as temperature and sea level, and we can anticipate that they will be increasingly used in the future. Here we compile a series of biotic and abiotic paleodatasets that can be used as explanatory variables in these models and use simulations to assess the statistical properties of the approach when applied to these paleodatasets. We demonstrate that environment-dependent models perform well in recovering environment-dependent speciation and extinction parameters, as well as in correctly identifying the simulated environmental model when speciation isenvironment-dependent. We explore how the strength of the environment-dependency, tree size, missing taxa, and characteristics of the paleoenvironmental curves influence the performance of the models. Finally, using these models, we infer environment-dependent diversification in three empirical phylogenies: temperature-dependence in Cetacea,δ13C-dependence in Ruminantia, andCO2-dependence in Portulacaceae. We illustrate how to evaluate the relative importance of abiotic and biotic variables in these three clades and interpret these results in light of macroevolutionary hypotheses for mammals and plants. Given the important role paleoenvironments are presumed to have played in species evolution, our statistical assessment of how environment-dependent models behave is crucial for their utility in macroevolutionary analysis.

scholarly journals The role of environmental variables onAedes albopictusbiology and chikungunya epidemiology

2013 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 224-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Waldock ◽  
Nastassya L. Chandra ◽  
Jos Lelieveld ◽  
Yiannis Proestos ◽  
Edwin Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables

Could Emotions Be Modelled through Information Processing?

2015 ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Oshni Alvandi
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
Emotional Agents ◽  
The Brain

One way to evaluate cognitive processes in living or nonliving systems is by using the notion of “information processing”. Emotions as cognitive processes orient human beings to recognize, express and display themselves or their wellbeing through dynamical and adaptive form of information processing. In addition, humans behave or act emotionally in an embodied environment. The brain embeds symbols, meaning and purposes for emotions as well. So any model of natural or autonomous emotional agents/systems needs to consider the embodied features of emotions that are processed in an informational channel of the brain or a processing system. This analytical and explanatory study described in this chapter uses the pragmatic notion of information to develop a theoretical model for emotions that attempts to synthesize some essential aspects of human emotional processing. The model holds context-sensitive and purpose-based features of emotional pattering in the brain. The role of memory is discussed and an idea of control parameters that have roles in processing environmental variables in emotional patterning is introduced.

Thirst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil E. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Incentive Salience ◽  
Motivated Behavior ◽  
Dry Food ◽  
Body Fluid Balance

Thirst is a specific and compelling sensation, often arising from internal signals of dehydration but modulated by many environmental variables. There are several historical landmarks in the study of thirst and drinking behavior. The basic physiology of body fluid balance is important, in particular the mechanisms that conserve fluid loss. The transduction of fluid deficits can be discussed in relation to osmotic pressure (osmoreceptors) and volume (baroreceptors). Other relevant issues include the neurobiological mechanisms by which these signals are transformed to intracellular and extracellular dehydration thirsts, respectively, including the prominent role of structures along the lamina terminalis. Other considerations are the integration of signals from natural dehydration conditions, including water deprivation, thermoregulatory fluid loss, and thirst associated with eating dry food. These mechanisms should also be considered within a broader theoretical framework of organization of motivated behavior based on incentive salience.

scholarly journals Modeling the role of environmental variables on the population dynamics of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E Parham ◽  
Diane Pople ◽  
Céline Christiansen-Jucht ◽  
Steve Lindsay ◽  
Wes Hinsley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Anopheles Gambiae Sensu Stricto

Determinants of Physiological Responses to Symbolic Stimuli: The Role of the Social Environment

1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf H. Moos
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Social Climate ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Person Environment Fit ◽  
System Maintenance ◽  
Social Environmental

Recent studies indicate the importance of settings or environmental variables in accounting for individual behavior. Measurement of the perceived social climate is a particularly promising way of investigating the psychosocial characteristics of diverse environments. Three types of dimensions characterize and discriminate among environmental subunits: relationship dimensions, personal development dimensions, and system maintenance and system change dimensions. There is evidence that dimensions within each of these three categories have important effects on psychological processes. Individual and social environmental variables can interact, leading to differential physiological responses. Measurement of perceived social climate could provide a bridge between “objective” environmental stimuli and individual physiological responses, which are mediated by differences in perception, coping, and defense. Measurement might enable us to make environments healthier in general, or improve person-environment fit for specific groups of individuals.

Pots, Parties, and Politics: Communal Feasting in the American Southwest

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
Political Resource

Communal feasting is evaluated as a political resource in the northern Southwest from A.D. 850 to present along three axes: scale of participation and finance, frequency and structure of occurrence, and the resources used. Feasting is a recurrent social practice that has consistently facilitated social integration within Southwest communities, but has shown considerable variation through time. Prior to about A.D. 1275 communal feasting appears to have been more of a source of differentiation within communities than it was after this date, when feasting became truly communal and integrative, as it is today within Puebloan communities. At the same time, feasting also became inter-communal in scale and apparently played a role in the ritual differentiation of individual communities within larger clusters. It is suggested that these changes in the role of feasting had little to do with ecological or environmental variables, but instead reflect the pervasive cultural, social, and religious changes that occurred at this time throughout the Southwest.

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