Tax evasion in Spanish Personal Income Tax by income sources, 2005–2008: from the synthetic to the dual tax

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Domínguez-Barrero ◽  
Julio López-Laborda ◽  
Fernando Rodrigo-Sauco
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Income Sources

scholarly journals Personal Income Tax Compliance at the Regional Level: The Role of Persistence, Neighborhood, and Decentralization

2020 ◽  
pp. 016001762094281
Author(s):  
Julio López-Laborda ◽  
Jaime Vallés-Giménez ◽  
Anabel Zárate-Marco
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Institutional Variables ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Individual

This article quantifies personal income tax compliance by regions for the first time in Spain and identifies the factors explaining differences in tax compliance between regions, an aspect that has scarcely been analyzed in the literature. To this end, and in addition to the dynamic and spatial components considered by Alm and Yunus, this article considers the variables included in the classical tax evasion model of Allingham and Sandmo, as well as tax morale and political-institutional variables, including those linked to the country’s fiscal decentralization. The results obtained confirm, on one hand, those reached in the very extensive literature studying tax evasion from the individual perspective (including the importance of the dynamic element) and, on the other, the relevance of the spatial component in explaining tax compliance, so that greater or lesser tax compliance is partly explained by factors such as the tax behavior of neighbors or how those neighbors are treated by the public sector.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN ORANG PRIBADI DARI PERDAGANGAN VALUTA ASING SECARA ONLINE YANG MENGGUNAKAN BROKER LUAR NEGERI

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-289
Author(s):  
Zuhdi Arman ◽  
Lenny Husna
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Foreign Exchange Trading

Foreign exchange trading is one of the most popular businesses in the world, including the Indonesian people. The income generated from an Indonesian trader will certainly raise an aspect of Income Tax that must be fulfilled. This study aims to analyze the application of personal income tax and to determine the form of tax avoidance that can occur in relation to online foreign exchange trading using foreign brokers. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, data collection is done by means of in-depth interviews, observation and documentation, informant selection techniques with purposive sampling, data analysis techniques performed by data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The result of this research is the application of personal income tax on personal traders (taxpayers) which is carried out by means of a self-assessment system with the expectation of voluntary compliance in which the taxpayer must self-report the tax owed at the end of the year. Due to the lack of supervision over the implementation of the self assessment system, and online forex trading transactions are carried out fully online, taxpayers have a very big opportunity to do tax evasion. In the application of individual PPh, there are also several obstacles that occur both from the side of the taxpayer itself and from the side of the government.

Assesment of the Results of Personal Income Tax Reform in Russia

2003 ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
S. Sinelnikov-Murylev ◽  
S. Batkibekov ◽  
P. Kadochnikov ◽  
D. Nekipelov
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Vertical Equity ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Income Tax Reform

The paper contains results of the analysis of personal income tax reform in Russia in 2000, including the influence of the reform on tax base, tax revenues and progressivity of income taxation. On the basis of the theoretical model the authors formulate two main hypotheses, concerning the influence of major factors on personal income tax revenues and tax base. The first hypothesis implies that the decrease in marginal income tax rate caused the decrease in personal income tax evasion, increase in tax revenues and tax base. The second hypothesis is that the decrease in tax evasion, especially among taxpayers with high incomes, increased their tax burden and, as a result, the level of vertical equity. The paper also includes the results of empirical tests of the above hypotheses about the change in tax evasion and progressivity using the regional data in 2000 and 2001; a number of measurers in the sphere of economic policy is put forward.

Two General Lessons from the 2019 Personal Income Tax Reform of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong An
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Tax Incidence ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
Income Tax Reform

Abstract We have identified two general lessons, suggested from the 2019 personal income tax reform of China, regarding third-party reporting, tax compliance, and tax incidence. First, third-party reporting is an effective mechanism to enforce tax compliance. Second, tax evasion can affect tax incidence. We argue that these two general lessons are important for both academic researchers and policymakers.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT ON THE FORMATION OF STATE BUDGET REVENUES IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitalii Rysin ◽  
Illia Antoshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Impact

The annual execution of the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine with a deficit determines the need for borrowing and increases the country's public debt. Failure to receive a significant amount of funds in the budgets of different levels is provoked primarily by tax evasion by a significant part of potential taxpayers. This applies in particular to the personal income tax, the bulk of which comes from the collection of salaries of individuals. The purpose of the article is to identify the impact of informal employment and non-payment of taxes on the budget's shortfall of a significant amount of tax revenues, to determine the possible consequences of this phenomenon and ways to minimize it. 2020 increased Ukraine's Consolidated Budget deficit almost threefold compared to 2019. This increase in the budget deficit was due not only to the emergence of unplanned costs associated with the negative consequences of the pandemic, but also to a reduction in tax revenues due to the quarantine restrictions imposed by the authorities. The excess of government spending over revenue has once again exacerbated the question of whether the state uses all its resources efficiently to fill the budget. Of course, it is difficult to fully assess how much the Consolidated Budget loses revenue each year due to corruption, money laundering, the shadow economy and a number of other factors. However, in the article, based on open data on the number of informally employed, we tried to estimate the budget losses from personal income tax from wages, based on the number of informally employed during 2014-2020, and compare the results with the size of the Consolidated Budget deficit of Ukraine similar period. This allowed us to assess the possibility of overcoming the budget deficit by removing a large number of informally employed workers from the shadow of income. It is determined that shadow employment is only one of the many factors of budget revenue shortfalls, but overcoming it can significantly reduce the budget deficit. However, overcoming informal employment and the shadow economy in general requires not only increased control over business activities and the payment of taxes, but also a set of measures to stimulate indirect impact, which in the medium term may lead to economic entities out of the shadows and legalize their income.

Federal aggregate personal income tax evasion/unreported income and its real interest rate yield effects on longer-term treasury debt issues

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Cebula
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Real Interest Rate ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Treasury Bonds ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the impact of aggregate federal personal income tax evasion on the real interest rate yield on 10-year Treasury notes, 20-year Treasury bonds and 30-year US Treasury bonds. Design/methodology/approach An open-economy loanable funds model is developed, with income tax evasion expressly included in the specification in the form of the AGI (adjusted gross income) gap and the ratio of unreported AGI to actual AGI, expressed as a per cent. Findings The empirical estimations reveal compelling evidence that income tax evasion thus measured acts to elevate the real interest rate yields on 10-year Treasury notes and both 20-year and 30-year Treasury bonds, raising the possibility of a tax evasion-induced form of “crowding out”. Research limitations/implications Ideally, tax evasion data for a longer time period would be very useful. Practical implications To the extent that greater federal personal income tax evasion yields a higher interest rate yield on 10-year, 20-year and 30-year Treasury debt issues, it is likely that the tax evasion will also elevate other interest rates in the economy. Social implications Higher interest rates resulting from tax evasion would likely slow-down macroeconomic growth and accelerate unemployment. Originality/value Neither the tax evasion literature nor the interest rate literature has ever considered the impact of tax evasion behavior on long-term interest rates.

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