scholarly journals Extinction risk to lake minnow (Eupallasella percnurus) due to habitat loss: Eastern Poland case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Sowińska-Świerkosz ◽  
Marcin Kolejko
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Extinction Risk

scholarly journals Extinction risk of narrowly distributed species of seed plants in Brazil due to habitat loss and climate change

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7333 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Maria Cardoso da Silva ◽  
Alessandro Rapini ◽  
Luis Cláudio F. Barbosa ◽  
Roger R. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Species Extinction ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation

In a world where changes in land cover and climate happen faster than ever due to the expansion of human activities, narrowly distributed species are predicted to be the first to go extinct. Studies projecting species extinction in tropical regions consider either habitat loss or climate change as drivers of biodiversity loss but rarely evaluate them together. Here, the contribution of these two factors to the extinction risk of narrowly distributed species (with ranges smaller than 10,000 km2) of seed plants endemic to a fifth-order watershed in Brazil (microendemics) is assessed. We estimated the Regional Climate Change Index (RCCI) of these watersheds (areas with microendemics) and projected three scenarios of land use up to the year 2100 based on the average annual rates of habitat loss in these watersheds from 2000 to 2014. These scenarios correspond to immediate conservation action (scenario 1), long-term conservation action (scenario 2), and no conservation action (scenario 3). In each scenario, areas with microendemics were classified into four classes: (1) areas with low risk, (2) areas threatened by habitat loss, (3) areas threatened by climate change, and (4) areas threatened by climate change and habitat loss. We found 2,354 microendemic species of seed plants in 776 areas that altogether cover 17.5% of Brazil. Almost 70% (1,597) of these species are projected to be under high extinction risk by the end of the century due to habitat loss, climate change, or both, assuming that these areas will not lose habitat in the future due to land use. However, if habitat loss in these areas continues at the prevailing annual rates, the number of threatened species is projected to increase to more than 85% (2,054). The importance of climate change and habitat loss as drivers of species extinction varies across phytogeographic domains, and this variation requires the adoption of retrospective and prospective conservation strategies that are context specific. We suggest that tropical countries, such as Brazil, should integrate biodiversity conservation and climate change policies (both mitigation and adaptation) to achieve win-win social and environmental gains while halting species extinction.

scholarly journals Implications of Spatially Variable Costs and Habitat Conversion Risk in Landscape-Scale Conservation Planning

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 402-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Post van der Burg ◽  
Neil Chartier ◽  
Ryan Drum
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Tallgrass Prairie ◽  
Habitat Conservation ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The North ◽  
Conservation Costs ◽  
Conservation Actions

Abstract “Strategic habitat conservation” refers to a process used by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to develop cost-efficient strategies for conserving wildlife populations and their habitats. Strategic habitat conservation focuses on resolving uncertainties surrounding habitat conservation to meet specific wildlife population objectives (i.e., targets) and developing tools to guide where conservation actions should be focused on the landscape. Although there are examples of using optimization models to highlight where conservation should be delivered, such methods often do not explicitly account for spatial variation in the costs of conservation actions. Furthermore, many planning approaches assume that habitat protection is a preferred option, but they do not assess its value relative to other actions, such as restoration. We developed a case study to assess the implications of accounting for and ignoring spatial variation in conservation costs in optimizing conservation targets. We included assumptions about habitat loss to determine the extent to which protection or restoration would be necessary to meet an established population target. Our case study focused on optimal placement of grassland protection or restoration actions to influence bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus populations in the tallgrass prairie ecoregion of the north central United States. Our results show that not accounting for spatially variable costs doubled or tripled the cost of meeting the population target. Furthermore, our results suggest that one should not assume that protecting existing habitat is always a preferred option. Rather, our results show that the balance between protection and restoration can be influenced by a combination of desired targets, assumptions about habitat loss, and the relative cost of the two actions. Our analysis also points out how difficult it may be to reach targets, given the expense to meet them. We suggest that a full accounting of expected costs and benefits will help to guide development of viable management actions and meaningful conservation plans.

scholarly journals Extinction risk in cloud forest fragments under climate change and habitat loss

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 518-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Ponce-Reyes ◽  
Emily Nicholson ◽  
Peter W. J. Baxter ◽  
Richard A. Fuller ◽  
Hugh Possingham
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments

Enhancing marsh elevation using sediment augmentation: A case study from southern California, USA

Shore & Beach ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Tidal Marshes ◽  
Dredged Material ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Coastal Habitat ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Recreation Opportunities ◽  
Coastal Habitat Loss

Tidal marshes are an important component of estuaries that provide habitat for fish and wildlife, protection from flooding, recreation opportunities, and can improve water quality. Critical to maintaining these functions is vertical accretion, a key mechanism by which tidal marshes build elevation relative to local sea level. The beneficial use of dredged material to build marsh elevations in response to accelerating sea level rise has gained attention as a management action to prevent habitat loss over the coming decades. In January 2016, a sediment augmentation project using local dredged material was undertaken at Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge in Anaheim Bay, California, USA, to benefit tidal marsh habitat and the listed species it supports. The application process added 12,900 cubic meters of sediment with an initial, average 22-cm gain in elevation over a 3.2-hectare site. Due to sediment characteristics and higher than anticipated elevations in some areas, vegetation colonization did not occur at the expected rate; therefore, adaptive management measures were undertaken to improve hydrology of the site and facilitate vegetation colonization. More case studies that test and monitor sea level adaptation actions are needed to assist in the planning and implementation of climate-resilient projects to prevent coastal habitat loss over the coming century.

Application of choice experiments to quantify the existence value of an endemic moss: a case study in Chile

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Cerda ◽  
Jan Barkmann ◽  
Rainer Marggraf
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Warm Glow ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Existence Value ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Protest Responses

AbstractA choice experiment was applied to measure the existence value of an endemic moss. We assessed value separation, embedding or warm glow and ‘ethical’ motivations. We exemplify our application by valuing an inconspicuous moss endemic to Chile's sub-Antarctic region. The choice experiment was administered to a sample of local residents of Navarino Island (southern Chile). The design isolates the existence value by requiring respondents to make simultaneous tradeoffs between moss existence value, five other biodiversity-related values and income changes. Insensitivity to scope was addressed by using degrees of extinction risks. We predominantly use a willingness-to-accept design of the payment vehicle to avoid protest responses. A meaningful marginal value for the existence of an endemic species for Navarino island residents was documented. The design, based on varying degrees of extinction risk, avoided a strong effect of warm glow. No protest responses motivated by ethical concerns were encountered.

Addressing Data Deficiency in Classifying Extinction Risk: a Case Study of a Radiation of Bignoniaceae from Madagascar

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
TATJANA C. GOOD ◽  
MICHELLE L. ZJHRA ◽  
CLAIRE KREMEN
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk

Conservation genetics of the Parma Wallaby Macropus parma: a case study for Australian marsupials

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. McKenzie ◽  
D. W. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Conservation Genetics ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
New South ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The World

The Parma Wallaby Macropus parma, native only to Australia, exemplifies a number of issues currently under discussion regarding the conservation of Australian marsupials. Thought to be extinct in the earlier part of this century, an expatriate population was identified on Kawau Island, New Zealand in 1967. These animals were used to supply zoos and captive breeding colonies throughout the world. Subsequently, parma populations were rediscovered in the Great Dividing Range of New South Wales, Australia. The Australian populations are small and inhabit severely restricted localities where they are highly vulnerable to predation and further habitat loss. Strategies for the preservation of parmas in Australia include the reintroduction of parmas either directly from Kawau Island or from established captive colonies. However, the founder number of Parma Wallabies on Kawau Island is unknown, hence it is possible the New Zealand derived parmas have a restricted genetic base compromising their suitability for reintroduction programmes. Additionally, there is a possibility that introgression has occurred between parmas and Black-striped Wallabies Macropus dorsalis on the island. Here we report that the level of genetic variation in New Zealand derived Parma Wallabies is not markedly reduced, and that no detectable introgression has taken place between Parma and Black-striped Wallabies. Indeed, re-examination of records casts doubt upon the suggestion that Black-stripes were introduced to Kawau Island.

The use of ecological traits in extinction risk assessments: A case study on geometrid moths

2008 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
pp. 2322-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niina Mattila ◽  
Janne S. Kotiaho ◽  
Veijo Kaitala ◽  
Atte Komonen
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Ecological Traits
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