Triggers of Aggressive Behaviors in Intellectually Disabled Adults and Their Association with Autism, Medical Conditions, Psychiatric Disorders, Age and Sex: A Large-Scale Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 3748-3762
Author(s):  
Ira L. Cohen ◽  
John A. Tsiouris
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Aggressive Behaviors ◽  
Intellectually Disabled ◽  
Large Scale Study ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Disabled Adults

scholarly journals Large-scale study of Toxoplasma and Cytomegalovirus shows an association between infection and serious psychiatric disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Sølvsten Burgdorf ◽  
Betina B. Trabjerg ◽  
Marianne Giørtz Pedersen ◽  
Janna Nissen ◽  
Karina Banasik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Large Scale Study

The relationship between autism and psychiatric disorders in Intellectually Disabled Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo La Malfa ◽  
Stefano Lassi ◽  
Roberto Salvini ◽  
Chiara Giganti ◽  
Marco Bertelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Intellectually Disabled ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Disabled Adults

Accessibility and Wear of Personal Flotation Devices in Recreational Boating

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 488-497
Author(s):  
Theodore J. Doll
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Wearable Device ◽  
Recreational Boating ◽  
Large Scale Study ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Age And Sex

Previous research on personal flotation devices (PFD's) indicates that they are highly effective and reliable, but are typically not worn, nor even accessible to victims of boating accidents. It has been estimated that 90% of the drowning victims could have been saved by the use of PFD's. A large-scale study assessed PFD wear and accessibility by direct observation at seven locations across the Continental United States. The percentage of people wearing PFD's, the number of accessible PFD's aboard, the percentage of accessible PFD's worn, and the distribution of various types of accessible PFD's were tabulated. Differences in these measures as a function of location, boating activity, age and sex of the boater, boat length and type, and type of PFD are reported. For example, the wearability of a PFD (percentage of accessible PFD's worn) depended on geographic location, air temperature and activity. The most wearable device for fishing was not the most wearable for waterskiing or other activities. The results are used to generate recommendations for educational and regulatory programs aimed at improving the life-saving capability of PFD's.

scholarly journals Psychiatric disorders in China: strengths and challenges of contemporary research and clinical services

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xiao Chang ◽  
Qiyong Gong ◽  
Chunbo Li ◽  
Weihua Yue ◽  
Xin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Neuroscience Research

Abstract China accounts for 17% of the global disease burden attributable to mental, neurological and substance use disorders. As a country undergoing profound societal change, China faces growing challenges to reduce the disease burden caused by psychiatric disorders. In this review, we aim to present an overview of progress in neuroscience research and clinical services for psychiatric disorders in China during the past three decades, analysing contributing factors and potential challenges to the field development. We first review studies in the epidemiological, genetic and neuroimaging fields as examples to illustrate a growing contribution of studies from China to the neuroscience research. Next, we introduce large-scale, open-access imaging genetic cohorts and recently initiated brain banks in China as platforms to study healthy brain functions and brain disorders. Then, we show progress in clinical services, including an integration of hospital and community-based healthcare systems and early intervention schemes. We finally discuss opportunities and existing challenges: achievements in research and clinical services are indispensable to the growing funding investment and continued engagement in international collaborations. The unique aspect of traditional Chinese medicine may provide insights to develop a novel treatment for psychiatric disorders. Yet obstacles still remain to promote research quality and to provide ubiquitous clinical services to vulnerable populations. Taken together, we expect to see a sustained advancement in psychiatric research and healthcare system in China. These achievements will contribute to the global efforts to realize good physical, mental and social well-being for all individuals.

scholarly journals Correction to: Methane and Electricity Production from Poultry Litter Digestion in the Amazon Region of Brazil: A Large-Scale Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Mendes Pedroza ◽  
Wanderson Gomes da Silva ◽  
Luciene Santos de Carvalho ◽  
Alice Rocha de Souza ◽  
Girlene Figueiredo Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Large Scale Study

scholarly journals First Detection of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Variant of Concern in an Asymptomatic Dog in Spain

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1379
Author(s):  
Sandra Barroso-Arévalo ◽  
Belén Rivera ◽  
Lucas Domínguez ◽  
José M. Sánchez-Vizcaíno
Keyword(s):  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Viral Isolation ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Large Scale Study ◽  
Rectal Swabs

Natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in pets has been widely documented during the last year. Although the majority of reports suggested that dogs’ susceptibility to the infection is low, little is known about viral pathogenicity and transmissibility in the case of variants of concern, such as B.1.1.7 in this species. Here, as part of a large-scale study on SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in pets in Spain, we have detected the B.1.1.7 variant of concern (VOC) in a dog whose owners were infected with SARS-CoV-2. The animal did not present any symptoms, but viral loads were high in the nasal and rectal swabs. In addition, viral isolation was possible from both swabs, demonstrating that the dog was shedding infectious virus. Seroconversion occurred 23 days after the first sampling. This study documents the first detection of B.1.1.7 VOC in a dog in Spain and emphasizes the importance of performing active surveillance and genomic investigation on infected animals.

scholarly journals A large-scale investigation into the role of classical HLA loci in multiple types of severe infections, with a focus on overlaps with autoimmune and mental disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Nudel ◽  
Rosa Lundbye Allesøe ◽  
Wesley K. Thompson ◽  
Thomas Werge ◽  
Simon Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Hla Alleles ◽  
Severe Infections

Abstract Background Infections are a major disease burden worldwide. While they are caused by external pathogens, host genetics also plays a part in susceptibility to infections. Past studies have reported diverse associations between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and infections, but many were limited by small sample sizes and/or focused on only one infection. Methods We performed an immunogenetic association study examining 13 categories of severe infection (bacterial, viral, central nervous system, gastrointestinal, genital, hepatitis, otitis, pregnancy-related, respiratory, sepsis, skin infection, urological and other infections), as well as a phenotype for having any infection, and seven classical HLA loci (HLA-A, B, C, DPB1, DQA1, DQB1 and DRB1). Additionally, we examined associations between infections and specific alleles highlighted in our previous studies of psychiatric disorders and autoimmune disease, as these conditions are known to be linked to infections. Results Associations between HLA loci and infections were generally not strong. Highlighted associations included associations between DQB1*0302 and DQB1*0604 and viral infections (P = 0.002835 and P = 0.014332, respectively), DQB1*0503 and sepsis (P = 0.006053), and DQA1*0301 with “other” infections (a category which includes infections not included in our main categories e.g. protozoan infections) (P = 0.000369). Some HLA alleles implicated in autoimmune diseases showed association with susceptibility to infections, but the latter associations were generally weaker, or with opposite trends (in the case of HLA-C alleles, but not with alleles of HLA class II genes). HLA alleles associated with psychiatric disorders did not show association with susceptibility to infections. Conclusions Our results suggest that classical HLA alleles do not play a large role in the etiology of severe infections. The discordant association trends with autoimmune disease for some alleles could contribute to mechanistic theories of disease etiology.

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