Acculturation and Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in Young Mexican and Mexican–American Women

Young adult women have had the greatest increase in prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) over time, and prevalence is highest in Hispanic women, compared with women of other ethnicities. Factors contributing to the high prevalence of MetS in Hispanic women are unknown. This study was conducted to determine if physical activity or fitness were associated with individual features of MetS in young Mexican and Mexican-American women, and if the associations were independent of fat mass. Sixty young Mexican and Mexican-American women participated in the study. MetS was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III. A fasting blood sample was drawn for the measurement of glucose, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triglycerides. Physical activity was assessed by questionnaire and accelerometer. Fitness was assessed by progressive treadmill test to exhaustion and ventilatory threshold. Body composition was assessed with Bod Pod. Multivariate regression was used to establish the independent contributions of physical activity and fitness to the individual features of MetS. After controlling for fat mass and fat-free mass, physical activity was found to be independently related to HDL-c and fitness was found to be independently related to triglycerides (p < 0.05). The independent associations between physical activity, fitness, and features of MetS were mediated by, rather than independent of, fat mass. Fat mass was independently related to triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Although physical activity and fitness were related to features of MetS, these associations were not independent of fat mass.

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Individual and Area-Based Indicators of Acculturation and the Metabolic Syndrome Among Low-Income Mexican American Women Living in a Border Region

American Journal of Public Health ◽

10.2105/ajph.2008.141903 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 98 (11) ◽

pp. 1979-1986 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Karla Espinosa de los Monteros ◽

Linda C. Gallo ◽

John P. Elder ◽

Gregory A. Talavera

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Low Income ◽

Mexican American ◽

Border Region ◽

Mexican American Women ◽

American Women ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

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Risk factors for hysterectomy among Mexican-American women in the U.S. southwest

American Journal of Human Biology ◽

10.1002/ajhb.10110 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 38-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Susan I. Hautaniemi ◽

Lynnette Leidy Sievert

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mexican American ◽

Mexican American Women ◽

American Women ◽

The U.S

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Abstract P307: Trends In Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Metabolic Syndrome Among Us Women Of Reproductive Age: 1988-2016

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.p307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Erin Delker ◽

Matthew A Allison

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Mexican American ◽

White Women ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Mexican American Women ◽

American Women ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Relative Differences

Objective: To compare trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by race/ethnicity among US women ages 18-49 years between 1988 and 2016. Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we classified MetS according to AHA/NHLBI criteria and calculated age-standardized prevalence of MetS in the following periods: 1988-94, 1999-04, 2005-10, and 2011-16. Our sample included nonpregnant women 18-49 years of age who self-reported as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, or Mexican American. For each period, we estimated relative (prevalence ratio, PR) and absolute (prevalence difference, PD) differences by race/ethnicity. We tested heterogeneity of these estimates using ANOVA to determine if the differences between groups significantly widened or narrowed over time. All analyses were stratified by gravidity (nulligravida vs. primi- and multigravida). Results: Between 1988-94 and 2011-16, the age-standardized prevalence of MetS for nulligravida and primi-/multigravida women increased from 10% to 19% and 16% to 28%, respectively. Among nulligravida women , the relative differences in MetS between NH Black and NH White women decreased (PR 1988-94 =1.6, PR 1999-04 =1.4, PR 2005-10 =1.4, PR 2011-16 =1.0), while the difference between Mexican American and NH White women declined in 1999-04, but increased after (PR 1988-94 =2.2, PR 1999-04 =1.0, PR 2005-10 =1.5, PR 2011-16 =1.7). Compared to NH White women, the absolute differences for NH Black (PD 1988-94 =5.8%, PD 1999-04 =9.2%, PD 2005-10 =7.5%, PD 2011-16 =-0.5%) and Mexican American women (PD 1988-94 =11.1%, PD 1999-04 =-0.2%, PD 2005-10 =9.3%, PD 2011-16 =11.9%) followed similar patterns. Moreover, and among primi-/multigravida women , the relative differences between NH Black and NH White women remained stable (PR 1988-94 =1.3, PR 1999-04 =1.3, PR 2005-10 =1.5, PR 2011-16 =1.3), while the differences between Mexican American and NH White women declined (PR 1988-94 =1.8, PR 1999-04 =1.6, PR 2005-10 =1.3, PR 2011-16 =1.3). Again, compared to NH White women, absolute differences for NH Black (PD 1988-94 =4.4, PD 1999-04 =8.5, PD 2005-10 =10.7, PD 2011-16 =7.0) and Mexican American women (PD 1988-94 =12.2, PD 1999-04 =15.4, PD 2005-10 =5.7, PD 2011-16 =7.1) were similar. We found no evidence of significant heterogeneity of PRs and PDs across time for any group. Conclusions: Since 1988, prevalence of MetS among US women ages 18-49 has nearly doubled. The increase in prevalence was similar across NH White, NH Black and Mexican American women. Among nulligravida women, those that self-reported as Mexican American had the highest burden of MetS, while among primi-/multigravida women, the prevalence of MetS was consistently higher among both Mexican American and non-Hispanic Blacks.

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Abdominal Wall Defects Among Mexican American Infants: The Effect of Maternal Nativity

Ethnicity & Disease ◽

10.18865/ed.26.2.165 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 165 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shayna D. Hibbs ◽

Amanda Bennett ◽

Yessenia Castro ◽

Kristin M. Rankin ◽

James W. Collins, Jr.

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Prenatal Care ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Mexican American ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Abdominal Wall Defect ◽

Abdominal Wall Defects ◽

Mexican American Women ◽

Wall Defect ◽

American Women

Background: US-born Mexican American women have greater rates of preterm birth and consequent overall infant mortality than their Mexico-born peers. However, the relation of Mexican American women’s nativity to rates of congenital anomalies is poorly understood. Hispanic ethnicity and young maternal age are well-known risk factors for gastroschisis. Objective: To determine the extent to which nativity of Mexican American women is associated with abdominal wall defects.Methods: Stratified and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed on the 2003-2004 National Center for Health Statistics linked live birth-infant death cohort. Only Mexican American infants were studied. Maternal variables examined included nativity, age, education, marital status, parity, and prenatal care usage.Results: Infants with US-born Mexican American mothers (n=451,272) had an abdominal wall defect rate of 3.9/10,000 compared with 2.0/10,000 for those with Mexico-born mothers (n=786,878), RR=1.9 (1.5-2.4). Though a greater percentage of US-born (compared wtih Mexico-born) Mexican American mothers were teens, the nativity disparity was actually widest among women in their 20s. The adjusted (controlling for maternal age, education, marital status, parity, and prenatal care) odds ratio of abdominal wall defects among infants of US-born (compared with Mexico-born) Mexican American mothers was 1.6 (1.2-2.0).Conclusions: US-born Mexican American women have nearly a two-fold greater rate of delivering an infant with an abdominal wall defect than their Mexico-born counterparts. This phenomenon is only partially explained by traditional risk factors and highlights a detrimental impact of lifelong residence in the United States, or something closely related to it, on the pregnancy outcome of Mexican American women. Ethn Dis; 2016;26(2):165-170; doi:10.18865/ed.26.2.165

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