The body ideal in French phenomenology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Lorelle
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Body Ideal

Barre Matters: Hybrid Formations of Ballet and Group Fitness

Somatechnics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Pirkko Markula
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
The Body ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Gendered Identities ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Fitness Industry ◽  
Body Ideal ◽  
Health Eating

Employing a variety of theoretical approaches, feminist researchers have critiqued the fitness industry of its singular emphasis on the impossible, narrowly defined feminine body ideal that is likely to cause more mental (e.g., body dissatisfaction) and physical ill health (eating disorders, injuries) than improve fitness. With the focus on social construction of gendered identities, there has been less problematisation of the materiality of the fitness practices and their impact on the cultural production of the moving body. In this article, I adopt a Latourian approach to seek for a more complete account of the body in motion and how it matters in the contemporary world. A barre class as a popular group exercise class that combines ballet and exercise modalities offers a location for such an examination due to the centrality of a non-human object, the barre, that distinguishes it from other group exercise classes. I consider how exercise practices may be constituted in relation to a material object, the barre, and how the physical and material intersect, historically, with the cultural politics of fitness and dance from where the barre originates. To do this, I trace the journey of the barre from ballet training to the fitness industry to illustrate how human and non-human associations create a hybrid collective.

On the Production of the Body Ideal

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Chance
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Body Ideal

scholarly journals Resealed Erythrocytes as Drug Carriers and Its Therapeutic Applications

2017 ◽  
pp. 459-485
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Singh ◽  
Sudhakar Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Kesharwani
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Ideal

In this pharma innovative world, there are more than 30 drug delivery systems. Today's due to lacking the target specificity, the present scenario about drug delivery is emphasizing towards targeted drug delivery systems. Erythrocytes are the most common type of blood cells travel thousands of miles from wide to narrow pathways to deliver oxygen, drugs and nutrient during their lifetime. Red blood cells have strong and targeted potential carrier capabilities for varieties of drugs. Drug-loaded carrier erythrocytes or resealed erythrocytes are promising for various passive and active targeting. Resealed erythrocyte have advantage over several drug carrier models like biocompatibility, biodegradability without toxic products, inert intracellular environment, entrapping potential for a variety of chemicals, protection of the organism against toxic effects of the drug, able to circulate throughout the body, ideal zero-order drug-release kinetics, no undesired immune response against encapsulated drug etc. Resealed erythrocytes are rapidly taken up by macrophages of the Reticuloendothelial System (RES) of the liver, lung, and spleen of the body and hence drugs also. Resealed erythrocytes method of drugs delivery is secure and effective for drugs targeting specially for a longer period of time. This chapter will explain the different method of drug loading for resealed erythrocytes, their characterization, and applications in various therapies and associated health benefits.

Cultural Considerations in Body Image and Cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Harper ◽  
Hanne Konradsen
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Cultural Considerations ◽  
Body Ideal ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Physical Changes

Abstract: This chapter discusses the Western cultural perspective of the body ideal and how cultural norms may influence the body image experiences of patients with cancer. The chapter begins with an overview of the sociocultural standards of appearance embraced in Western society, including the body-ideal shift throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, and how this specifically relates to physical changes that can co-occur with cancer, followed by a broader look at additional facets of Western culture (e.g., consumerism, surgical enhancement, media) that may shape the body image experience and ultimately treatment decisions of cancer patients. Specific research findings are discussed primarily in relation to body image in breast cancer with brief discussion of other cancers that impact one’s appearance. Finally, current interventions for working within the Western cultural framework are discussed, as well as clinical considerations for health care providers working with patients on body image issues in the oncology setting.

Uso de Anabolizantes na Adolescência: Questões biopsicossociais / Use of Anabolic Agents in Adolescence: Biopsychosocial Questions

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Santos Barboza ◽  
Rosana Elizete Tavares ◽  
Yolanda Christina de Sousa Loyola ◽  
José Antonio Dias Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Body ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Anabolic Agents ◽  
Body Culture ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Body Ideal ◽  
The Aesthetic

Este estudo procurou abordar a questão do uso de anabolizantes por adolescentes  e apontar suas  consequências  biológicas  e psicossociais, bem como identificar as possíveis relações entre a adesão e a existência de modelos de beleza corporal. Entende-se que o corpo é conceituado e valorizado de acordo com o momento histórico e com os padrões determinantes de cada cultura. Diante de uma acentuada preocupação com  a  estética  corporal,  observa-se  que  vários  meios  são disponibilizados, com o objetivo de obter uma modelagem corporal, dentre  eles  os  anabolizantes,  representando  uma  alternativa  de  baixo custo e acesso facilitado. Contudo, as alterações fisiológicas e as patologias causadas pela ingestão dos anabolizantes assinalam risco de morte ao usuário, pois acarretam danos em órgãos vitais e alteram praticamente toda a homeostase corporal. As consequências psicológicas, por sua vez, têm impacto no social, já que as alterações de humor provocadas pelo uso de hormônios tendem a se manifestar em comportamentos agressivos, o que pode causar prejuízos relacionais. Conclui-se disto que alguns efeitos são opostos aos supostos objetivos de obtenção do corpo ideal e/ou de uma beleza padrão.   Palavras chave: esteroides anabolizantes, adolescência, cultura corporal.   ABSTRACT This study aimed to address the issue of the use of anabolic agents by adolescents and their biological and psychosocial consequences, as well as identify the possible relation between accession and the existence of models of body beauty. It is understood that the body is respected and valued  according  to  the  historic  moment  and  the  standards     that determine each culture. On a concern with the aesthetic body, it is noted that various means are available to obtain a corporal modeling among anabolic, representing low cost and easy access alternative. The physiological changes and diseases caused by ingestion of anabolic can cause an imminent risk of death to the user, because they may cause entail   damage   to   vital   organs,   and   change   virtually   the   entire homeostasis. The psychological consequences, on the other hand, have an impact on social changes of humor caused by the use of hormones and tend to result in aggressive behaviour, which can cause relationship damage. It is concluded that some effects are opposite to the supposed goals for obtaining a body ideal and/or standard beauty.   Keywords: anabolic steroids, adolescence, body culture.

Resealed Erythrocytes as Drug Carriers and Its Therapeutic Applications

2016 ◽  
pp. 340-366
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Singh ◽  
Sudhakar Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Kesharwani
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Ideal

In this pharma innovative world, there are more than 30 drug delivery systems. Today's due to lacking the target specificity, the present scenario about drug delivery is emphasizing towards targeted drug delivery systems. Erythrocytes are the most common type of blood cells travel thousands of miles from wide to narrow pathways to deliver oxygen, drugs and nutrient during their lifetime. Red blood cells have strong and targeted potential carrier capabilities for varieties of drugs. Drug-loaded carrier erythrocytes or resealed erythrocytes are promising for various passive and active targeting. Resealed erythrocyte have advantage over several drug carrier models like biocompatibility, biodegradability without toxic products, inert intracellular environment, entrapping potential for a variety of chemicals, protection of the organism against toxic effects of the drug, able to circulate throughout the body, ideal zero-order drug-release kinetics, no undesired immune response against encapsulated drug etc. Resealed erythrocytes are rapidly taken up by macrophages of the Reticuloendothelial System (RES) of the liver, lung, and spleen of the body and hence drugs also. Resealed erythrocytes method of drugs delivery is secure and effective for drugs targeting specially for a longer period of time. This chapter will explain the different method of drug loading for resealed erythrocytes, their characterization, and applications in various therapies and associated health benefits.

ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FITNESS CONCEPT AND THE AREA OF FITNESS IN LATVIA AND THE WORLD

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Cuprika ◽  
Andra Fernate ◽  
Leonids Cupriks
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
The World ◽  
Body Ideal ◽  
The Difference

Despite the great popularity of fitness around the world, it is still unclear what fitness is and how people understand it. The essence of fitness has gradually evolved from simple physical fitness to a cultural phenomenon. The second path of fitness development is from the physical health of a person reflected in a person’s readiness to do physical work to the desire to improve their own quality of life. That is why the aim of this study was to investigate in depth the essential characteristics of the fitness concept and the area of fitness. The study is based on 41 literature sources and scientific articles, 8 of which are in Russian and 33 – in English. The essence of the content of the fitness concept has been investigated and the hierarchy of concepts has been evaluated in different theoretical contexts, starting from the historical beginning of the fitness concept. Definitions were grouped in a broader and a narrower sense: 1) fitness as a set of attributes and abilities and 2) fitness as a way of life, lifestyle and quality of life. The essential categories of the fitness concept were compiled. The change of fitness area and its influence on the society was discussed. By summarizing the analysis of fitness definitions and evaluating fitness according to various theoretical aspects, it can be concluded that fitness is interpreted as sport competition fitness, as an implementation of a healthy way of life and as physical fitness or health-oriented physical fitness. Due to constant change and improvement of the body ideal sometimes it is complicated to participate in the process of improving health, also achieving it requires a lot of energy and time. People don’t understand where is the difference between healthy body and fitness body prepared for competition or commercial. Therefore the greater the beauty industry and fitness area becomes, the weaker becomes the human.  

scholarly journals “It’s Just a Lot Different Being Male Than Female in the Sport”: An Exploration of the Gendered Culture Around Body Pressures in Competitive Figure Skating

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana K. Voelker ◽  
Justine J. Reel
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Figure Skating ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Performance Expectations ◽  
Exercise Behaviors ◽  
Figure Skaters ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Body Ideal ◽  
And Performance

Figure skaters experience pressure associated with their sport to change their body weight, shape, or size to meet appearance and performance expectations. Figure skaters may experience different body-related expectations based on gender despite performing in identical or similar training and competition environments. In a qualitative investigation that examined body pressure experiences of male skaters, participants discussed some of their struggles, but seemed compelled to discuss, unexpectedly, the plight of female skaters in facing the skating body ideal. The present findings represent an exploratory analysis of qualitative data elucidating the body pressure experiences of female skaters through the eyes of male skaters. Participants were 13 competitive male figure skaters ages 16–24 (M = 18.53). Analyzed using a social constructivist and critical perspective, the results demonstrated the salience of body pressures for female skaters and afforded insight into sociocultural and historical factors that influence how male and female skaters experience their bodies differently in a skating context. Male skaters reported they faced less extreme body pressures, had certain physical advantages, and tended to be more confident than female skaters, which underscored a gendered body pressure experience. This work explores the intersections of gender and power within figure skating and examines body image concerns and unhealthy eating and exercise behaviors as a larger social justice issue that serves to encourage similar investigations in other sports.

scholarly journals Desenvolvimento de uma escala de imagem corporal para mulheres brasileiras

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Catiane Souza ◽  
Erik Menger Silveira ◽  
Emanuelle Francine Detogni Schmit ◽  
Edgar Santiago Wagner Neto ◽  
Letícia Miranda Resende da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Validation ◽  
Body Image Scale ◽  
Body Ideal ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
The Difference

Body image is an important parameter of body satisfaction and needs to be evaluated with instruments developed and validated for a specific population. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a scale to assess body image in Brazilian women. A scale consisting of 11 silhouettes was prepared. Content validation was performed by seven experts from different health areas. To assess repeatability (two consecutive assessments) and reproducibility (reassessment after one week), an intentional sample stratified into four groups according to the characterization of Brazilian women regarding nutritional status was selected. Participants were 125 women aged 18-55 years and body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 38.6 kg/m2. The Kappa coefficient (k) was used to assess repeatability and reproducibility, considering the isolated responses of the current body, ideal body and the difference between them, assumed as satisfactory when k≥0.6. For all trials, α=0.05. During the content validation phase, the instrument developed was changed following the evaluators’ suggestions and it was considered very suitable by six of seven evaluators. The Kappa coefficient was good in isolated issues and in the difference between them in both repeatability and reproducibility. The Body Image Scale was considered a valid content, with good repeatability and reproducibility. Considering the instrument as low cost and of rapid implementation/evaluation, it may be used to evaluate the body image of Brazilian women with BMI between 18.5 and 38.6 kg/m2, in different contexts. 

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