Endophytic community of Pb-Zn hyperaccumulator Arabis alpina and its role in host plants metal tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 437 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 397-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay K. Sharma ◽  
Xin-ya Li ◽  
Guang-li Wu ◽  
Wei-xiao Bai ◽  
Shobhika Parmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Arabis Alpina ◽  
Endophytic Community

scholarly journals Can metal-tolerant endophytic biocontrol agents promote plant-growth under metal stress?

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Carrie Siew Fang Sim ◽  
Yuen Lin Cheow ◽  
Si Ling Ng ◽  
Adeline Su Yien Ting
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phomopsis Asparagi ◽  
Lower Production

Five metal-tolerant endophytic isolates (Bipolaris sp. LF7, Diaporthe miriciae LF9, Trichoderma asperellum LF11, Phomopsis asparagi LF15, Saccharicola bicolor LF22), with known metal-tolerance attributes and biocontrol activities against Ganoderma boninense, were tested for growth-promoting activities independent of (in vitro) and associated with plants (height, weight, root mass and stem circumference) (in vivo). Results revealed that metal-tolerant endophytes did not significantly render benefit to host plants as plant growth was compromised by the presence of metals. Lower production of indole-acetic acid (0.74-21.77 μg mL-1), siderophores (8.82-90.26%), and deaminase activities of 1-aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (3.00-69.2 μmol mg protein-1 hr-1) were observed.

scholarly journals The Plant-Dependent Life Cycle of Thecaphora thlaspeos: A Smut Fungus Adapted to Brassicaceae

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamprinos Frantzeskakis ◽  
Kaitlyn J. Courville ◽  
Lesley Plücker ◽  
Ronny Kellner ◽  
Julia Kruse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Smut Fungus ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Genetic Complexity ◽  
Arabis Alpina ◽  
Globally Distributed ◽  
Comparative Manner

Smut fungi are globally distributed plant pathogens that infect agriculturally important crop plants such as maize or potato. To date, molecular studies on plant responses to smut fungi are challenging due to the genetic complexity of their host plants. Therefore, we set out to investigate the known smut fungus of Brassicaceae hosts, Thecaphora thlaspeos. T. thlaspeos infects different Brassicaceae plant species throughout Europe, including the perennial model plant Arabis alpina. In contrast to characterized smut fungi, mature and dry T. thlaspeos teliospores germinated only in the presence of a plant signal. An infectious filament emerges from the teliospore, which can proliferate as haploid filamentous cultures. Haploid filaments from opposite mating types mate, similar to sporidia of the model smut fungus Ustilago maydis. Consistently, the a and b mating locus genes are conserved. Infectious filaments can penetrate roots and aerial tissues of host plants, causing systemic colonization along the vasculature. Notably, we could show that T. thlaspeos also infects Arabidopsis thaliana. Exploiting the genetic resources of A. thaliana and Arabis alpina will allow us to characterize plant responses to smut infection in a comparative manner and, thereby, characterize factors for endophytic growth as well as smut fungi virulence in dicot plants.

scholarly journals Harnessing Rhizobia to Improve Heavy-Metal Phytoremediation by Legumes

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Fagorzi ◽  
Alice Checcucci ◽  
George diCenzo ◽  
Klaudia Debiec-Andrzejewska ◽  
Lukasz Dziewit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Symbiotic Associations ◽  
Genetically Manipulated

Rhizobia are bacteria that can form symbiotic associations with plants of the Fabaceae family, during which they reduce atmospheric di-nitrogen to ammonia. The symbiosis between rhizobia and leguminous plants is a fundamental contributor to nitrogen cycling in natural and agricultural ecosystems. Rhizobial microsymbionts are a major reason why legumes can colonize marginal lands and nitrogen-deficient soils. Several leguminous species have been found in metal-contaminated areas, and they often harbor metal-tolerant rhizobia. In recent years, there have been numerous efforts and discoveries related to the genetic determinants of metal resistance by rhizobia, and on the effectiveness of such rhizobia to increase the metal tolerance of host plants. Here, we review the main findings on the metal resistance of rhizobia: the physiological role, evolution, and genetic determinants, and the potential to use native and genetically-manipulated rhizobia as inoculants for legumes in phytoremediation practices.

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Cuda ◽  
Patricia Prade ◽  
Carey R. Minteer-Killian
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Pepper Tree ◽  
Brazilian Pepper ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

SPECIES, HOST RANGE, AND IDENTIFICATION KEY OF WHITEFLIES OF BOGOR AND SURROUNDING AREA

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Purnama Hidayat ◽  
Denny Bintoro ◽  
Lia Nurulalia ◽  
Muhammad Basri
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Aleurodicus Dispersus ◽  
Agricultural Plants ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Forest Plants

Species identification, host range, and identification key of whiteflies of Bogor and surrounding area. Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a group of insects that are small, white, soft-bodied, and easily found on various agricultural crops. Whitefly is a phytophagous insect; some species are important pests in agricultural crops that can cause direct damage and can become vectors of viral diseases. The last few years the damage caused by whitefly in Indonesia has increased. Unfortunately, information about their species and host plants in Indonesia, including in Bogor, is still limited. Kalshoven, in his book entitled Pest of Crops in Indonesia, published in the 1980s reported that there were 9 species of whitefly in Indonesia. The information on the book should be reconfirmed. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine whitefly species and its host plants in Bogor and its surroundings. Whiteflies is identified based on the ‘puparia’ (the last instar of the nymph) collected from various agricultural plants, ornamental plants, weeds, and forest plants. A total of 35 species of whiteflies were collected from 74 species and 29 families of plants. The collwcted whiteflies consist of four species belong to Subfamily Aleurodicinae and 31 species of Subfamily Aleyrodinae. The most often found whitefly species were Aleurodicus dispersus, A. dugesii, and Bemisia tabaci. A dichotomous identification key of whiteflies was completed based on morphological character of 35 collected species. The number of whitefly species in Bogor and surrounding areas were far exceeded the number of species reported previously by Kalshoven from all regions in Indonesia.

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