Issues in conducting cross-cultural research: implementation of an agreed international procotol designed by the WHOQOL Group for the conduct of focus groups eliciting the quality of life of older adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1257-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Hawthorne ◽  
Natasha Davidson ◽  
Kathryn Quinn ◽  
Farah McCrate ◽  
Ines Winkler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Research Implementation ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

scholarly journals Translation as an Ecological Tool for Instrument Development

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Vinokurov ◽  
Daniel Geller ◽  
Tamara L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Instrument Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
American Society ◽  
Theoretical Issues

In this paper the authors outline the translation process involved in Macro International's evaluation of the Department of State's International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Georgia. IVLP is a long-running program in which professionals and prospective leaders from around the world participate in funded short-term visits to the United States to learn first-hand professional practices and values of American society and democracy. The authors highlight the importance of attending to the theoretical issues in, discuss contextual factors inherent in, and outline specific phases of the translation process, and present the modified decentering translation technique adapted for the project. They describe the types of translation equivalencies that were addressed and present findings that attest to the quality of the translation. They underscore the importance of the translation process as a qualitative tool for the instrument development that maps the contexts of people's lives, documents emic-etic aspects of cross-cultural research, and fosters collaborations with all stakeholders of the research project.

scholarly journals Voicing the Less Heard: A Review of Focus Group Methodology: Principles and Practice

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derya Kulavuz-Onal
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Focus Group Methodology ◽  
Virtual Focus Groups ◽  
Educational Sciences

Focus Group Methodology: Principles and Practice is a powerful text in not only equipping novice researchers with all the stages of designing a focus group, but also facilitating their understanding of the philosophies and in-depth principles of focus group methodology. Although the text seems to have specifically aimed at researchers in health and social sciences, beginning qualitative researchers in other fields, such as educational sciences, can also gain valuable insights. The text also provides detailed accounts of previous research where focus groups have been used as well as an intensive discussion of more specific topics such as focus groups with vulnerable groups, focus groups in cross-cultural research, and virtual focus groups.

What Cognitive Interviews Tell Us about Bias in Cross-cultural Research

Field Methods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Benítez ◽  
José Luis Padilla ◽  
Fons van de Vijver ◽  
Amaya Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Method Bias

This study illustrates how the cognitive interviewing (CI) method can provide qualitative evidence of item, construct, and method bias in cross-cultural research. CI was conducted with participants from the Netherlands and Spain, who responded to quality-of-life (QoL) items included in international survey research projects. Qualitative findings indicate that, at the construct level, Spanish participants were more affected by the particular wording of the item stems, which made them modify their understanding of the intended constructs while answering, whereas Dutch participants were more focused on being consistent in their responses. At the item level, differences in the interpretation of key terms in QoL items were mainly related to translation and cultural issues. Method bias was manifested in the differential use of response options and anchor labels. Results of the study support the contribution and usefulness of CI to informing about the three types of bias from a qualitative approach.

scholarly journals Nudging social media sharing towards accuracy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Pennycook ◽  
David Gertler Rand
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Utility Model ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Media Research

Recent work indicates that a meaningful portion of online misinformation sharing can be attributed to users merely failing to consider accuracy when deciding what to share. As a result, simply redirecting attention to the concept of accuracy can increase sharing discernment. Here we discuss the relevance of accuracy, and outline a limited-attention utility model that formalizes a theory about inattention to accuracy on social media. Research showing how a simple nudge or prompt that shifts attention to accuracy increases the quality of news that people share (typically by decreasing the sharing of false content) is reviewed. We then discuss outstanding questions relating to accuracy nudges, including the need for more work relating to persistence and habituation, as well as a dearth of cross-cultural research. We also make several recommendations for policy makers and social media companies on how to implement accuracy nudges.

scholarly journals Translation Quality Assessment in Health Research: A Functionalist Alternative to Back-Translation

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Colina ◽  
Nicole Marrone ◽  
Maia Ingram ◽  
Daisey Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Back Translation

As international research studies become more commonplace, the importance of developing multilingual research instruments continues to increase and with it that of translated materials. It is therefore not unexpected that assessing the quality of translated materials (e.g., research instruments, questionnaires, etc.) has become essential to cross-cultural research, given that the reliability and validity of the research findings crucially depend on the translated instruments. In some fields (e.g., public health and medicine), the quality of translated instruments can also impact the effectiveness and success of interventions and public campaigns. Back-translation (BT) is a commonly used quality assessment tool in cross-cultural research. This quality assurance technique consists of (a) translation (target text [TT1]) of the source text (ST), (b) translation (TT2) of TT1 back into the source language, and (c) comparison of TT2 with ST to make sure there are no discrepancies. The accuracy of the BT with respect to the source is supposed to reflect equivalence/accuracy of the TT. This article shows how the use of BT as a translation quality assessment method can have a detrimental effect on a research study and proposes alternatives to BT. One alternative is illustrated on the basis of the translation and quality assessment methods used in a research study on hearing loss carried out in a border community in the southwest of the United States.

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