scholarly journals Gender Differences in Mental Well-Being: a Decomposition Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Madden
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Well Being

scholarly journals Self-esteem and mental health in adolescents – level and stability during a school year

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Unni Karin Moksnes ◽  
Randi Johansen Reidunsdatter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Health Development ◽  
Hopkins Symptom Checklist ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
School Year ◽  
Mental Well Being

Aim: Adolescence represent an important period for positive mental health development. The aim of the present paper was to investigate gender differences as well as the level, stability and predictive role of mental health (symptoms of depression/anxiety and mental well-being) and self-esteem in adolescents during a school year.Methods: The study sample consisted of a cohort of 351 students aged 15–21 years in Mid-Norway. In a survey administrated at the beginning and end of the 2016/2017 school year, mental well-being was assessed with Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, depression/anxiety with Hopkins Symptom Checklist and self-esteem with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Two models were tested for prediction; self-esteem on mental health (vulnerability model) and mental health on self-esteem (scar model).Results: Girls reported significantly higher depression/anxiety than boys and showed a slightly significant increase in depression/anxiety, stress and self-esteem during the two assessments. Boys scored significantly higher on mental well-being and self-esteem and reported stable mental health during the school year. Selfesteem significantly predicted depression/anxiety and mental well-being. Mental well-being and depression/ anxiety also significantly predicted self-esteem.Conclusion: The results suggest that self-esteem and mental health are reciprocally associated. The results underline the gender differences in overall mental health in adolescents and thus the potential importance of acknowledging gender when working on universal strategies for positive mental health development.

scholarly journals Gender differences in self-reported health - the significance of inequality in domestic work

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Staland Nyman ◽  
G Hensing
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Occupational Class ◽  
Partner Relationship ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Background Gender difference in health is an important public health issue. Although biological factors contribute, social processes and living conditions create, maintain and exacerbate health differences between women and men. The aim of this study was to examine if lack of equality in domestic work contributes to the explanation of gender differences in self-reported mental well-being, common symptoms and persistent illness. Methods Population based questionnaire data on co-habiting women and men in Sweden, aged 19-64 years (n = 2666), was used. Division of planning and performing domestic work, satisfaction with division of domestic work and equality in partner relationship, were analysed in relation to health outcomes using binary logistic regression analysis with adjustments for age, income, country of birth, occupational class, weekly hours in paid work and number of children. Results Women, compared to men, showed higher odds (OR) for having low mental well-being, OR 1.35 (1.07-1.70), > 7 common symptoms, OR 1.98 (CI 1.59-2.46) and ≥ 1 persistent illness, OR 1.25 (CI 1.06-1.47). When equal partner relationship and planning and performing domestic work were included in the regression, the ORs for mental well-being and persistent illness slightly weakened and decreased to non-significance when satisfaction with division of domestic work were analysed, OR 1.14 (0.99-1.44) and OR 1.18 (0.99-1.39) respectively. Corresponding ORs for common symptoms were almost unchanged throughout the analysis. Conclusions Satisfaction with division of domestic work contributed to explanation of gender differences in persistent illness and notably to differences in mental well-being. Key messages Inequality in domestic work could contribute to explanation of gender difference in health. Satisfaction in division of domestic work is of specific relevance in gender difference in mental health.

Adolescent Socioeconomic Status and Parent-Child Emotional Bonds: Reexamining Gender Differences in Mental Well-being during Young Adulthood

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renae Wilkinson ◽  
Matthew A. Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Emotional Bonds ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Parent Child

Links between elevated mental well-being in adulthood and higher social and economic resources growing up are well established. However, the role of gender remains unclear, especially whether gender influences how social and economic resources interact to produce disparities in mental well-being across young adulthood. Drawing on nationally representative longitudinal data, we illuminate gender differences in mental well-being, finding that young adult mental health advantages based in adolescent socioeconomic status pivot on parent-child emotional bonds for young men only. That is, for young adult men, lessened depressive symptom frequency linked to higher parental education only appears when perceived parent-child bonds are at least moderately close. This holds even after adjusting for earlier adolescent mental well-being, suggesting a stable mechanism across the transition to adulthood. Overall, our results uphold the argument that familial social and economic resources predict mental well-being during young adulthood while revealing that relevant mechanisms may differ by gender.

scholarly journals Mental Health Profiles of Danish Youth Soccer Players: The Influence of Gender and Career Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Andreas Kuettel ◽  
Natalie Durand-Bush ◽  
Carsten H. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Career Progression ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Health Profiles

The purpose of this study was (a) to investigate gender differences in mental health among Danish youth soccer players, (b) to discover the mental health profiles of the players, and (c) to explore how career progression and mental health are related. A total of 239 Danish youth elite soccer players (M = 16.85, SD = 1.09) completed an online questionnaire assessing mental well-being, depression, anxiety, along with other background variables. Female players scored significantly lower on mental well-being and had four times higher odds of expressing symptoms of anxiety and depression than males. Athletes’ mental health profiles showed that most athletes experience low depression while having moderate mental well-being. Depression, anxiety, and stress scores generally increased when progressing in age, indicating that the junior–senior transition poses distinct challenges to players’ mental health, especially for female players. Different strategies to foster players’ mental health depending on their mental health profiles are proposed.

Gendered health inequalities in mental well-being? The Nordic countries in a comparative perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun Olafsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
The World ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Gendered Expectations ◽  
Health Paradox

Aims: The aims of this study were to: (a) compare gender differences in mental well-being in the Nordic countries with gender differences in 28 other countries around the world; and (b) evaluate whether gender differences in the Nordic countries remain when other social and lifestyle factors are taken into account. Methods: Data were obtained from 32 countries around the world that participated in the 2011 health module of the International Social Survey Programme. Ordered logit regression models were used to evaluate whether gender differences remained significant when other social and lifestyle factors were considered. Results: Gender differences in mental well-being in the Nordic countries are not particularly small and the four countries do not cluster together. The gender differences remain when other social and lifestyle factors are taken into account. Conclusions: There appears to be a similar Nordic health paradox for mental well-being outcomes as for physical health outcomes. Although there may be multiple reasons for this, continued gender equality, including sex segregation in the labour market and gendered expectations, are considered to play a part.

Gender differences in development of mental well-being from adolescence to young adulthood: An eight-year follow-up study

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunna Gestsdottir ◽  
Arsaell Arnarsson ◽  
Kristjan Magnusson ◽  
Sigurbjorn Arni Arngrimsson ◽  
Thorarinn Sveinsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Mental Well Being

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Well–Being Among People Age ≥ 50 in Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 289-289
Author(s):  
Mary Mitchell ◽  
Molly Perkins ◽  
Alexis Bender ◽  
Sahil Angelo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Medication Assisted Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract The impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on the physical and mental well–being of older adults with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is unclear, and we know even less about gender differences. This study explores this association and investigates additional factors (e.g., pain, depression) that may affect physical and mental well–being in this population with a focus on gender. The sample for the present analysis includes 90 adults aged 50 and older from a larger study focused on aging with OUD across eight opioid treatment programs in Georgia. We performed multivariable linear regression analyses by gender. There was a small, but significant, association between ACEs and mental well–being for men only. Other significant predictors of physical and mental well-being (e.g., insurance status, pain, satisfaction with social role, stigma) varied by gender. We discuss the importance of these gender differences in identifying appropriate areas for intervention to improve physical and mental well–being.

scholarly journals A comparative study of factors explaining declining levels in adolescents’ life satisfaction: the importance of school well-being

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Marquez ◽  
Joanna Inchley
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Ict Use

Recent research has shown that adolescents’ subjective well-being and positive mental health is declining in many countries. Many studies exploring factors potentially driving these trends have highlighted the increasing role of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in young people’s lives, and social media use in particular. However, some studies suggest that factors in the school domain may also be important. Using data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study, we investigate a series of factors explaining declining life satisfaction (LS) in eight countries with the largest declines in LS among 15-year-old adolescents in the period 2015-2018 (Scotland, England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the United States, Japan, Ireland and France), with a focus on gender differences. We conducted a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis of the cohort gap in LS in relation to three key domains: school well-being, material well-being and ICT use. We find that the decline in LS was largely due to students having more negative experiences at school. This explained approximately 20-65% of the cohort gap in LS, with the exception of Japan. Changes in material well-being and ICT use explained 5-10% and only in some countries. Results vary across nations and in Japan these differ significantly from those observed in the other countries. Some gender differences were evident, for example, increases in time spent playing video games had a negative impact on LS among girls but not boys. Implications for research and policy are discussed.

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