Kepribadian (Five Factor Model) dan Psychological Distress pada Mahasiswa Penerima dan Bukan Penerima Beasiswa

<span lang="EN-GB">Scholarship recipient students have more demands and responsibilities than non-scholarship students. The demands of lectures can put pressure on students that can trigger psychological distress. Each individual is different in assessing the stress experienced depending on the personality. The research instrument used the NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3 scale and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 scale (HSCL-25). The results of the comparison test show that there is no difference between recipients and non-scholarship recipients. The results of the correlation test show that there is a significant positive relationship between neuroticism and psychological distress, while extraversion and conscientiousness have a significant negative relationship with psychological distress. However, there is no significant relationship between openness to experience and agreeableness to psychological distress.</span>

Problem-solving skills groups for female Syrian refugees in Lebanon: a study of a mental health intervention

Since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011, Lebanon has witnessed an influx of over one million refugees. This has placed a serious strain on Lebanon’s mental healthcare system, creating the need for an efficient intervention for refugees. Health workers were recruited from various centres and trained to deliver a module of 12 sessions in problem-solving skills in group format. Then, they recruited female Syrian refugees and Lebanese women to form groups and deliver the intervention in the host communities. Results showed that levels of anxiety and depression, as reported by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist screening tool, seemed to decrease significantly after the intervention. An additional outcome was that most of the participants felt supported by other women. These results demonstrated that a direct and short intervention with female refugees can lead to measurable improvements in their mental1 health and was perceived by participants as highly beneficial.

Validation of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25/Nepali Version among Bhutanese Refugees in the United States

BackgroundBhutanese refugees’ mental problems are relatively high. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) has been used widely in examining refugees’ mental health, but its psychometric properties in Nepali version is unknown.PurposeTo examine psychometric properties of the HSCL-25/Nepali version.MethodsBhutanese refugees (n = 209) responded to demographic questionnaire, the HSCL-25/Nepali, and the Refugee Health Survey-15. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), convergent validity, and internal consistency were performed. Results: After three rounds of EFA, item 14 was deleted resulting in HSCL-24/Nepali with good construct validity and excellent internal consistency (α = .94).ConclusionsThe HSCL-24/Nepali version is reliable and valid and can be used to culturally, appropriately assess psychological distress of Bhutanese refugees as it omits item 14 that captures individual’s sexual interest.

Nine Forward–Backward Translations of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 With Cultural Checks

Introduction: The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) is an effective, reliable, and ergonomic tool that can be used for depression diagnosis and monitoring in daily practice. To allow its broad use by family practice physicians (FPs), it was translated from English into nine European languages (Greek, Polish, Bulgarian, Croatian, Catalan, Galician, Spanish, Italian, and French) and the translation homogeneity was confirmed. This study describes this process.Methods: First, two translators (an academic translator and an FP researcher) were recruited for the forward translation (FT). A panel of English-speaking FPs that included at least 15 experts (researchers, teachers, and practitioners) was organized in each country to finalize the FT using a Delphi procedure.Results: One or two Delphi procedure rounds were sufficient for each translation. Then, a different translator, who did not know the original version of the HSCL-25, performed a backward translation in English. An expert panel of linguists compared the two English versions. Differences were listed and a multicultural consensus group determined whether they were due to linguistic problems or to cultural differences. All versions underwent cultural check.Conclusion: All nine translations were finalized without altering the original meaning.

Propiedades psicométricas del Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-11) en Argentina: Un instrumento para monitoreo y feedback en psicoterapia

No se han encontrado instrumentos breves válidos en Argentina para monitorear sintomatología psicológica en psicoterapia. Este trabajo presenta la adaptación argentina del Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-11) y estudia sus propiedades psicométricas. Una muestra de 356 participantes completó la adaptación del HSCL-11 junto con medidas de depresión, ansiedad y bienestar. Se computaron el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach y correlaciones ítem-total corregidas. Se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, se estudiaron sus correlaciones con las otras medidas y se analizaron las diferencias en HSCL-11 entre pacientes y no pacientes de terapia. Se observaron evidencias de adecuada consistencia interna y homogeneidad de ítems, así como también de validez de constructo, validez concurrente y validez de criterio. Los resultados mostraron evidencias deconfiabilidad y validez de la versión argentina del HSCL-11, sugiriendo que podría representar un instrumento valioso para la evaluación y el tratamiento de patologías mentales en el país.

Validation and Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 Scale for Depression Detection in Primary Care

Depression constitutes a major public health problem due to its high prevalence and difficulty in diagnosis. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) scale has been identified as valid, reproducible, effective, and easy to use in primary care (PC). The purpose of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the HSCL-25 and validate its Spanish version. A multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out at six PC centers in Spain. Validity and reliability were assessed against the structured Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Out of the 790 patients, 769 completed the HSCL-25; 738 answered all the items. Global Cronbach’s alpha was 0.92 (0.88 as calculated for the depression dimension and 0.83 for the anxiety one). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed one global factor and two correlated factors with a correlation of 0.84. Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.89 (CI 95%, 0.86–0.93%). For a 1.75 cutoff point, sensibility was 88.1% (CI 95%, 77.1–95.1%) and specificity was 76.7% (CI 95%, 73.3–79.8%). The Spanish version of the HSCL-25 has a high response percentage, validity, and reliability and is well-accepted by PC patients.

Likely clinical depression and HIV-related decline in antiretroviral therapy untreated women who seroconverted during participation in microbicide trials in sub-Saharan Africa

Depression worsens HIV outcomes in populations treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) medications. Data are limited on the relationship between depression and HIV in untreated populations in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to identify associations between likely clinical depression, alcohol use, social support by partners, and HIV viral load (VL) among ART untreated women who recently became HIV positive and enrolled in the Microbicide Trials Network (MTN)-015 study. Analyses used cross-sectional data collected at baseline in MTN-015. Participants in this analysis ( N = 190) enrolled from other MTN trials were not receiving ART and provided data on their HIV disclosure status to their husband or male partner and alcohol use behavior. The dependent variable, VL, was categorized as: low (≤400 RNA copies/mL; 9.1% of participants), medium (401–20,000 RNA copies/mL; 48.8%), and high (>20,000 RNA copies/mL; 42.0%). Depression was assessed using eight items from Hopkins Symptom Checklist; a cutoff of ≥1.75 indicated likely clinical depression. Independent variables with a significance of p ≤ 0.05 in unadjusted regressions were included in a regression adjusted for age, education, and time since seroconversion. Depressive symptoms were positively associated with high VL, in the adjusted regression (OR = 1.80; 95% CI = 1.07–3.01). Results suggest that likely having clinical depression may have a biological relationship with HIV disease progression.

Domestic violence victimisation and its association with mental distress: a cross-sectional study of the Yangon Region, Myanmar

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of domestic violence, with subgroups of physical, sexual and emotional violence, among men and women and to assess the association between any lifetime domestic violence (DV) and mental distress among ever-married men and women.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional study from October to November 2016 using a multistage sampling design. DV questionnaire was adopted from the Demographic and Health Survey programme. Mental distress was estimated using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 (HSCL-10). HSCL-score and DV were the outcome and exposure variables, respectively, in multiple linear regression. Prevalence estimates and associations were presented with a 95% CI and the Wald test.SettingUrban and rural areas of the Yangon region, Myanmar.ParticipantsMen and women ages 18 to 49 years were included. Institutionalised people, monks, nuns and individuals deemed too ill physically and/or mentally to participate were excluded.ResultsA random sample of 2383 people was included in the analyses. Among ever-married participants, lifetime (LT) and past-12-month (12M) prevalence of any domestic violence victimisation was higher in women compared with men: LT women: 61.8% (95% CI: 54.3 to 68.9) versus LT men: 42.4% (95% CI: 37.5 to 47.5) and 12M women: 51.2% (95% CI: 44.9 to 57.5) versus 12M men: 37.7% (95% CI: 32.9 to 42.7). Among never-married participants, lifetime physical and sexual violence victimisation rates was higher in men (34.3% and 7.9%) compared with women (19.1% and 6.4%). Mental distress was significantly associated with lifetime DV in women who were afraid of their husbands and men who had wives who exhibited controlling behaviours.ConclusionsDomestic violence is prevalent among both men and women and is associated with mental distress. The findings highlight an urgent need to prevent domestic violence in both sexes, including through legal and policy reform and improved mental health services for DV victims.