The linkage between phenylethanoid glycosides biosynthetic pathway and some aromatic amino acids and carbohydrates (rhamnose and glucose) in Scrophularia striata Boiss. cell culture

DL-Phenyllactic acid-α-14C, DL-phenylserine-α-14C, L-phenylalanine-carboxyl-14C, and shikimic acid-U-14C were incorporated into phenylalanine and tyrosine isolated from mycelial hydrolysates of Volucrispora aurantiaca as well as into volucrisporin. DL-m-Tyrosine-carboxyl-14C was incorporated into volucrisporin but not into the aromatic amino acids. L-Tyrosine-β-14C, cinnamic acid-α-14C, and m-hydroxycinnamic acid-α-14C were metabolized by the fungus but did not serve as precursors of volucrisporin or of mycelial phenylalanine. The results are consistent with the concept of a biosynthetic pathway to volucrisporin via phenylpyruvic and m-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acids. Substantial amounts of each radioactive substrate fed to V. aurantiaca PRL 1952 were incorporated into a brown melanoid pigment.

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Biosynthesis of isochorismate in Klebsiella pneumoniae: origin of O-2

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m91-043 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 276-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lolita O. Zamir ◽

Kenneth A. Devor ◽

Roy A. Jensen ◽

Robert Tiberio ◽

Françoise Sauriol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Natural Products ◽

Mass Spectra ◽

Biosynthetic Pathway ◽

Fast Atom Bombardment ◽

Claisen Rearrangement ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

Hydroxyl Group ◽

Chorismic Acid ◽

Important Branch

The shikimate metabolites are key precursors to a large number of natural products, including aromatic amino acids. Chorismic acid is an important branch point in the biosynthetic pathway to aromatic amino acids. Chorismic acid is also unique among natural products since it is the only compound known to undergo an enzymatic Claisen rearrangement. A metabolite of chorismic acid, isochorismic acid, first observed in Aerobacter aerogenes differs in its chemical structure by the location of the hydroxyl group and the double bonds. Isochorismic acid is a precursor to a growing number of shikimate-derived metabolites. Isochorismic acid has also been postulated to be an intermediate of m-carboxyaromatic amino acids, implying another enzymatic Claisen rearrangement. In this publication, we have isolated isochorismate synthase and found that on lyophilization the enzyme is stable for at least 6 months at −20 °C. Incubation of chorismate with this preparation in water enriched with 18O led to incorporation of one atom of 18O as proven from the fast atom bombardment mass spectra of the HPLC purified derived isochorismate. Key words: chorismate, isochorismate, rearrangement, H218O, isochorismate synthetase.

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Bioproduction of phenylethanoid glycosides by plant cell culture of Scrophularia striata Boiss.: from shake-flasks to bioreactor

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) ◽

10.1007/s11240-015-0891-3 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 124 (2) ◽

pp. 275-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Sedigheh Ahmadi-Sakha ◽

Mohsen Sharifi ◽

Vahid Niknam

Keyword(s):

Cell Culture ◽

Plant Cell ◽

Plant Cell Culture ◽

Phenylethanoid Glycosides ◽

Shake Flasks ◽

Scrophularia Striata

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Physiological performance of glyphosate and imazamox mixtures on Amaranthus palmeri sensitive and resistant to glyphosate

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-54642-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manuel Fernández-Escalada ◽

Ainhoa Zulet-González ◽

Miriam Gil-Monreal ◽

Mercedes Royuela ◽

Ana Zabalza

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Biosynthetic Pathway ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

Transcriptional Level ◽

Amaranthus Palmeri ◽

Physiological Effects ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Transcriptional Pattern ◽

Herbicide Mixtures ◽

Branched Chain

AbstractThe herbicides glyphosate and imazamox inhibit the biosynthetic pathway of aromatic amino acids (AAA) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), respectively. Both herbicides share several physiological effects in the processes triggered in plants after herbicide application that kills the plant, and mixtures of both herbicides are being used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological effects in the mixture of glyphosate and imazamox in glyphosate-sensitive (GS) and -resistant (GR) populations of the troublesome weed Amaranthus palmeri. The changes detected in the physiological parameters after herbicide mixtures application were similar and even less to the changes detected after individual treatments. This pattern was detected in shikimate, amino acid and carbohydrate content, and it was independent of the EPSPS copy number, as it was detected in both populations. In the case of the transcriptional pattern of the AAA pathway after glyphosate, interesting and contrary interactions with imazamox treatment were detected for both populations; enhancement of the effect in the GS population and alleviation in the GR population. At the transcriptional level, no cross regulation between AAA and BCAA inhibitors was confirmed. This study suggests that mixtures are equally or less toxic than herbicides alone, and would implicate careful considerations when applying the herbicide mixtures.

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Biosynthesis of ribose-5-phosphate and erythrose-4-phosphate in archaea: a phylogenetic analysis of archaeal genomes

Archaea ◽

10.1155/2005/314760 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

pp. 347-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Tim Soderberg

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Biosynthetic Pathway ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid Biosynthesis ◽

Pentose Phosphate ◽

Acid Biosynthesis ◽

Potential Explanation ◽

Archaeal Species ◽

Genes Encoding

A phylogenetic analysis of the genes encoding enzymes in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), the ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) pathway, and the chorismate pathway of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, employing data from 13 complete archaeal genomes, provides a potential explanation for the enigmatic phylogenetic patterns of the PPP genes in archaea. Genomic and biochemical evidence suggests that three archaeal species (Methanocaldococcus jannaschii,Thermoplasma acidophilumandThermoplasma volcanium) produce ribose-5-phosphate via the nonoxidative PPP (NOPPP), whereas nine species apparently lack an NOPPP but may employ a reverse RuMP pathway for pentose synthesis. One species (Halobacteriumsp. NRC-1) lacks both the NOPPP and the RuMP pathway but may possess a modified oxidative PPP (OPPP), the details of which are not yet known. The presence of transketolase in several archaeal species that are missing the other two NOPPP genes can be explained by the existence of differing requirements for erythrose-4-phosphate (E4P) among archaea: six species use transketolase to make E4P as a precursor to aromatic amino acids, six species apparently have an alternate biosynthetic pathway and may not require the ability to make E4P, and one species (Pyrococcus horikoshii) probably does not synthesize aromatic amino acids at all.

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