Long term dietary intake of aromatic amino acids are associated with leptin gene expression in adipose tissues of non-diabetic adults

Targeted metabolomics studies reported metabolic abnormalities in both treated and untreated people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV). The present study aimed to understand the plasma metabolomic changes and predicted the risk of accelerated aging in PLHIV on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a case-control study setting and its association with the plasma proteomics biomarkers of inflammation and neurological defects. Plasma samples were obtained from PLHIV on successful long-term ART for more than five years (n = 22) and matched HIV-negative healthy individuals (n = 22, HC herein). Untargeted metabolite profiling was carried out using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS). Plasma proteomics profiling was performed using proximity extension assay targeting 184 plasma proteins. A total of 250 metabolites differed significantly (p < 0.05, q < 0.1) between PLHIV and HC. Plasma levels of several essential amino acids except for histidine, branched-chain amino acids, and aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan) were significantly lower in PLHIV compared to HC. Machine-learning prediction of metabolite changes indicated a higher risk of inflammatory and neurological diseases in PLHIV. Metabolic abnormalities were observed in amino-acid levels, energetics, and phospholipids and complex lipids, which may reflect known differences in lipoprotein levels in PLHIV that can resemble metabolic syndrome (MetS).

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Association of dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids with long-term risks of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980021004948 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-60

Author(s):

Binbin Xu ◽

Meng Wang ◽

Liyuan Pu ◽

Chang Shu ◽

Lian Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

The United States ◽

Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Branched Chain

Abstract Objectives: Studies on associations between dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and long-term risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all-cause mortality have yielded inconclusive results. This study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary BCAA intake and long-term risks of CVD, cancer, and all-cause mortality in nationwide survey participants aged ≥18. Design: This was a prospective cohort study of a nationally representative sample of 14,397 adults aged ≥18 who participated in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III). Dietary intakes of BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) were determined from the total nutrient intake document. The main outcomes were CVD, cancer, and all-cause mortality. Results: During 289,406 person-years of follow-up, we identified 4,219 deaths, including 1,133 from CVD and 926 from cancer. After multivariate adjustment, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of all-cause mortality in the highest dietary BCAA and isoleucine intake quintile (reference: lowest quintiles) were 0.68 (0.48–0.97) and 0.68 (0.48–0.97), respectively. Each one-standard-deviation increase in total dietary BCAA or isoleucine intake was associated with an 18% or 21% decrease in the risk of all-cause mortality, respectively. The serum triglyceride (TG) concentration was found to modify the association between the dietary BCAA intake and all-cause mortality (P for interaction = 0.008). Conclusions: In a nationally representative cohort, higher dietary intakes of BCAAs and isoleucine were independently associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, and these associations were stronger in participants with higher serum TG concentrations.

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Increased Glyphosate-Induced Gene Expression in the Shikimate Pathway Is Abolished in the Presence of Aromatic Amino Acids and Mimicked by Shikimate

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2020.00459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ainhoa Zulet-González ◽

Maria Barco-Antoñanzas ◽

Miriam Gil-Monreal ◽

Mercedes Royuela ◽

Ana Zabalza

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Shikimate Pathway ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids

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Quantitative Effects of Carbohydrates and Aromatic Amino Acids on Clostridium botulinum Toxin Gene Expression Using a Rapid Competitive RT/PCR Assay

Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology ◽

10.1159/000088144 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 35-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Freddie H. Sharkey ◽

James S. Dooley ◽

Richard W. Haylock

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Clostridium Botulinum ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

Toxin Gene ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Pcr Assay ◽

Toxin Gene Expression

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Habitual Dietary Intakes of Fat were Associated with Apelin Gene Expression in Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues

10.21203/rs.3.rs-41868/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Emad Yuzbashian ◽

Maryam Zarkesh ◽

Golaleh Asghari ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

Parvin Mirmiran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Total Fat ◽

Habitual Intake ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of habitual intake of total fatty acids, saturated-, monounsaturated-, polyunsaturated fatty acids, n-3, n-6, and n-9 fatty acids with apelin gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Methods: We obtained visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues from 179 participants (71 non-obese and 105 obese), who had undergone open abdominal surgery. Dietary intake information was gathered with a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. The mRNA expression of apelin gene was analyzed by Real-Time PCR. Results: Apelin gene expression was found to be more increased in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues in obese than in non-obese participants. Dietary intake of n-3 and polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with apelin gene expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues among all categories of weight status after adjusting for total energy intake. Among obese individuals, visceral adipose tissue apelin mRNA levels were associated with total fat intake. Conclusion: Higher apelin gene expression in adipocytes had an association with habitual intake of total fat and n-3 fatty acids in obese and non-obese individuals, indicating a determinative role of quality and quantity of fatty acid intake in a regular diet in adipose tissue adipokine.

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Altered Oligomerization Properties of N316 Mutants of Escherichia coli TyrR

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.00889-08 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 190 (24) ◽

pp. 8238-8243 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Takashi Koyanagi ◽

Takane Katayama ◽

Hideyuki Suzuki ◽

Hidehiko Kumagai

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Escherichia Coli ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Gel Filtration ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

Transcriptional Regulator ◽

Wild Type ◽

Oligomer Formation ◽

Regulatory Properties

ABSTRACT The transcriptional regulator TyrR is known to undergo a dimer-to-hexamer conformational change in response to aromatic amino acids, through which it controls gene expression. In this study, we identified N316D as the second-site suppressor of Escherichia coli TyrRE274Q, a mutant protein deficient in hexamer formation. N316 variants exhibited altered in vivo regulatory properties, and the most drastic changes were observed for TyrRN316D and TyrRN316R mutants. Gel filtration analyses revealed that the ligand-mediated oligomer formation was enhanced and diminished for TyrRN316D and TyrRN316R, respectively, compared with the wild-type TyrR. ADP was substituted for ATP in the oligomer formation of TyrRN316D.

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Dietary Fatty Acid Composition Is Associated with FTO Gene Expression in Human Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa063_104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1706-1706

Author(s):

Emad Yuzbashian ◽

Golaleh Asghari ◽

Catherine B Chan ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

Mohammad Safarian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Fto Gene ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Plasma Fatty Acids ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Objectives The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is a functional candidate gene for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome, based on evidence from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that linked it to obesity and metabolic disorders. The FTO gene regulates energy expenditure and intake. We aimed to determine how fatty acid species measured in plasma and dietary intake associate with FTO gene expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. Methods In this study, 97 participants aged ≥18 years were selected from patients admitted to the hospital for abdominal surgeries. These underlying disorders leading to surgeries were not expected to alter the habitual dietary intake of participants. Participants with diagnosed diabetes or cancer, under treatment of dyslipidemia or dysglycemia, and being on prescribed or any special diets were excluded. Habitual dietary intake of participants was collected using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), from which the intake of fatty acids was quantified. Plasma fatty acids were assessed by gas-liquid chromatography. The mRNA expression of the FTO gene in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues obtained by biopsy was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Results After adjusting for age, HOMA-IR and body mass index, total fatty acid intake was significantly associated with FTO gene expression in visceral (STZβ = 0.208, P = 0.037) and subcutaneous (STZβ = 0.236, P = 0.020) adipose tissues. Dietary intake of MUFA and PUFA had positive significant associations with the expression of FTO in visceral (STZβ = 0.227, P = 0.023; STZβ = 0.346, P < 0.001, respectively) and subcutaneous (STZβ = 0.227, P = 0.026; STZβ = 0.274, P = 0.006, respectively) adipose tissues. There were no significant associations between plasma fatty acids and FTO mRNA expression in either subcutaneous or visceral adipose tissues. Conclusions The association of dietary total fatty acids, MUFA, and PUFA with FTO gene expression in both adipose tissues highlight the importance of dietary fatty acids composition along with total fat intake in relation to FTO gene expression. Funding Sources This study was funded by Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

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