Conspecific and heterospecific plant–soil biota interactions of Lonicera japonica in its native and introduced range: implications for invasion success

AbstractHerbivores may facilitate or impede exotic plant invasion, depending on their direct and indirect interactions with exotic plants relative to co-occurring natives. However, previous studies investigating direct effects have mostly used pairwise native-exotic comparisons with few enemies, reached conflicting conclusions, and largely overlooked indirect interactions such as apparent competition. Here, we ask whether native and exotic plants differ in their interactions with invertebrate herbivores. We manipulate and measure plant-herbivore and plant-soil biota interactions in 160 experimental mesocosm communities to test several invasion hypotheses. We find that compared with natives, exotic plants support higher herbivore diversity and biomass, and experience larger proportional biomass reductions from herbivory, regardless of whether specialist soil biota are present. Yet, exotics consistently dominate community biomass, likely due to their fast growth rates rather than strong potential to exert apparent competition on neighbors. We conclude that polyphagous invertebrate herbivores are unlikely to play significant direct or indirect roles in mediating plant invasions, especially for fast-growing exotic plants.

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Direct Biotic Plant–soil Feedback Promotes Dodonaea Viscosa Growth in a Dry-hot Valley, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-316055/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xuemei Wang ◽

Bangguo Yan ◽

Liangtao Shi ◽

Gangcai Liu

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Cycling ◽

Soil Biota ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Conditioning Phase ◽

Dodonaea Viscosa ◽

Soil Sterilization ◽

Plant Soil ◽

Soil Feedback ◽

Feedback Phase

Abstract Biotic plant-soil feedback has been widely studied, and may be particularly important in resource-poor areas. However, the roles of soil nutrient cycling in affecting plant growth in this process still remained unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the roles of soil biota in regulating nutrient cycling by conducting a two-phase feedback experiment in a dry-hot valley, with a conditioning phase during which there were Dodonaea viscosa or no D. viscosa growing in the soil, and a feedback phase in which the effect of the conditioned soil biota on D. viscosa performance was measured. The growth of D. viscosa significantly reduced soil N after the conditioning phase. However, D. viscosa showed a positive plant-soil feedback. In the feedback phase, the D. viscosa conditioned soil promoted the stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf dry mass content of D. viscosa. Total biomass was also significantly higher in D. viscosa conditioned soil than that in not conditioned soil. In contrast, soil sterilization had a negative effect on the growth of D. viscosa, with a significant reduction in plant biomass, especially in D. viscosa conditioned soil, and soil sterilization significantly increased the root: shoot biomass ratio and litter mass. Furthermore, we showed that although the biota-driven changes in enzyme activities correlated with the leaf N and P amount especially P amount, the enzyme activity was not the main reason to promote D. viscosa growth in the conditioned soil.

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Differences in seed properties and germination between native and introduced populations of Triadica sebifera

Journal of Plant Ecology ◽

10.1093/jpe/rtz048 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 70-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jialiang Zhang ◽

Evan Siemann ◽

Baoliang Tian ◽

Wei Huang ◽

Jianqing Ding

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

Native Species ◽

Seed Mass ◽

The United States ◽

Invasion Success ◽

Native Range ◽

Triadica Sebifera ◽

Introduced Range

Abstract Aims Seeds of many invasive plants germinate more quickly than those of native species, likely facilitating invasion success. Assessing the germination traits and seed properties simultaneously for introduced and native populations of an invasive plant is essential to understanding biological invasions. Here, we used Triadica sebifera as a study organism to examine intraspecific differences in seed germination together with seed characteristics. Methods We measured physical (volume, mass, coat hardness and coat thickness of seeds) and chemical (crude fat, soluble protein, sugar, gibberellins [GA] and abscisic acid [ABA] of kernels) properties of T. sebifera seeds collected in 2017 from 12 introduced (United States) populations and 12 native (China) populations and tested their germination rates and timing in a greenhouse experiment in China. Furthermore, we conducted an extra experiment in the United States using seeds collected in 2016 and 2017 to compare the effects of study sites (China vs. United States) and seed collection time (2016 vs. 2017) on seed germination. Important Findings Seeds from the introduced range germinated faster than those from the native range. Physical and chemical measurements showed that seeds from the introduced range were larger, had higher GA concentrations and GA:ABA ratio, but lower crude fat concentrations compared to those from the native range. There were no significant differences in seed mass, coat hardness and coat thickness or kernel ABA, soluble protein or sugar concentrations between seeds from introduced vs. native ranges. Germination rates were correlated between United States and China greenhouses but germination rates for populations varied between collection years. Our results suggest that larger seeds and higher GA likely contribute to faster germination, potentially facilitating T. sebifera invasion in the introduced range.

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Plant-soil biota interactions and spatial distribution of black cherry in its native and invasive ranges

Ecology Letters ◽

10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00539.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 1046-1050 ◽

Cited By ~ 251

Author(s):

Kurt O. Reinhart ◽

Alissa Packer ◽

Wim H. Van der Putten ◽

Keith Clay

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Soil Biota ◽

Black Cherry ◽

Plant Soil

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Plant-Soil Interactions of an Invasive Plant Species in its Native Range Help to Explain its Invasion Success Elsewhere

10.21203/rs.3.rs-788590/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Aldorfová ◽

Věra Hanzelková ◽

Lucie Drtinová ◽

Hana Pánková ◽

Tomáš Cajthaml ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Invasion Success ◽

Enemy Release ◽

Native Range ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Secondary Range ◽

Plant Soil ◽

Root Shoot Ratio

Abstract Purpose: To compare plant-soil feedback (PSF) of invasive Cirsium vulgare and non-invasive C. oleraceum in their native range to test a hypothesis that the invasive species is more limited by specialized pathogens in the native range and/or able to benefit more from generalist mutualists, and thus may benefit more from loss of specialized soil biota in a secondary range.Methods: We assessed changes in soil nutrients and biota following soil conditioning by each species and compared performance of plants grown in self-conditioned and control soil, from which all, some or no biota was excluded. Results: The invasive species depleted more nutrients than the non-invasive species and coped better with altered nutrient levels. The invasive species had higher seedling emergence which benefited from presence of non-specific microbes. The invasive species biomass responded less positively to specialized (self-conditioned) microbiota and more negatively to specialized larger-sized biota compared to the non-specialized control biota, suggesting the species may benefit more from enemy release and suffer less from loss of specialized mutualists when introduced to a secondary range. The invasive species showed greater ability to decrease its root-shoot ratio in presence of harmful biota and thus reduce their negative effects on its performance.Conclusions: Our study highlights the utility of detailed PSF research in the native range of species for understanding the factors that regulate performance of invasive and non-invasive species in their native range, and for pinpointing the types of biota involved in their regulation and how this changes across the plants life cycle.

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Intraspecific variation in indirect plant-soil feedbacks as a driver of a wetland plant invasion

10.1101/160523 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Warwick J. Allen ◽

Laura A. Meyerson ◽

Andrew J. Flick ◽

James T. Cronin

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Interspecific Competition ◽

Intraspecific Variation ◽

Nutrient Availability ◽

Native Species ◽

Local Community ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Soil Biota ◽

Plant Soil ◽

Soil Legacy

ABSTRACTPlant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) can influence plant competition via direct interactions with pathogens and mutualists or indirectly via apparent competition/mutualisms (i.e., spillover to cooccurring plants) and soil legacy effects. Presently, it is unknown how intraspecific variation in PSFs interacts with the environment (e.g., nutrient availability) to influence competition between native and invasive plants. We conducted a fully crossed multi-factor greenhouse experiment to determine the effects of soil biota, interspecific competition, and nutrient availability on biomass of replicate populations from one native and two invasive lineages of common reed (Phragmites australis) and a single lineage of native smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora). Harmful soil biota consistently dominated PSFs involving all three P. australis lineages, reducing biomass by 10%, regardless of nutrient availability or S. alterniflora presence as a competitor. Spillover of soil biota derived from the rhizosphere of the two invasive P. australis lineages reduced S. alterniflora biomass by 7%, whereas soil biota from the native P. australis lineage increased S. alterniflora biomass by 6%. Interestingly, regardless of lineage, P. australis soil biota negatively affected S. alterniflora biomass when grown alone (i.e., a soil legacy), but had a positive impact when grown with P. australis, suggesting that P. australis is preferred by harmful generalist soil biota or facilitates S. alterniflora via spillover (i.e., apparent mutualism). Soil biota also reduced the negative impacts of interspecific competition on S. alterniflora by 13%, although it remained competitively inferior to P. australis across all treatments. Moreover, competitive interactions and the response to nutrients did not differ among P. australis lineages, indicating that interspecific competition and nutrient deposition may not be key drivers of P. australis invasion in North America. Taken together, although soil biota, interspecific competition, and nutrient availability appear to have no direct impact on the success of invasive P. australis lineages in North America, indirect spillover and soil legacies from P. australis occur and may have important implications for co-occurring native species and restoration of invaded habitats. Our study integrates multiple factors linked to plant invasions, highlighting that indirect interactions are likely commonplace in driving successful invasions and their impacts on the local community.

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Biogeographic differences in plant–soil biota relationships contribute to the exotic range expansion of Verbascum thapsus

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.6894 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (23) ◽

pp. 13057-13070

Author(s):

Julia Dieskau ◽

Helge Bruelheide ◽

Jessica Gutknecht ◽

Alexandra Erfmeier

Keyword(s):

Range Expansion ◽

Soil Biota ◽

Verbascum Thapsus ◽

Plant Soil

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Parasites and marine invasions

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182002001506 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 124 (7) ◽

pp. 137-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 158

Author(s):

M. E. TORCHIN ◽

K. D. LAFFERTY ◽

A. M. KURIS

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Marine Species ◽

Economic Problem ◽

Invasion Success ◽

Native Range ◽

Marine Systems ◽

Introduced Populations ◽

Marine Invasions ◽

Introduced Range ◽

Marine Parasites

Introduced marine species are a major environmental and economic problem. The rate of these biological invasions has substantially increased in recent years due to the globalization of the world's economies. The damage caused by invasive species is often a result of the higher densities and larger sizes they attain compared to where they are native. A prominent hypothesis explaining the success of introduced species is that they are relatively free of the effects of natural enemies. Most notably, they may encounter fewer parasites in their introduced range compared to their native range. Parasites are ubiquitous and pervasive in marine systems, yet their role in marine invasions is relatively unexplored. Although data on parasites of marine organisms exist, the extent to which parasites can mediate marine invasions, or the extent to which invasive parasites and pathogens are responsible for infecting or potentially decimating native marine species have not been examined. In this review, we present a theoretical framework to model invasion success and examine the evidence for a relationship between parasite presence and the success of introduced marine species. For this, we compare the prevalence and species richness of parasites in several introduced populations of marine species with populations where they are native. We also discuss the potential impacts of introduced marine parasites on native ecosystems.

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