Effects of Saline Water Irrigation and N Application Rate on NH3 Volatilization and N use Efficiency in a Drip-Irrigated Cotton Field

2016 ◽  
Vol 227 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangwei Zhou ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Lijuan Ma ◽  
Huijuan Guo ◽  
Wei Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Cotton Field ◽  
Nh3 Volatilization ◽  
N Application ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
N Application Rate ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

scholarly journals Effects of water salinity and N application rate on water- and N-use efficiency of cotton under drip irrigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Min ◽  
ZhenAn Hou ◽  
LiJuan Ma ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
SiBo Ru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Application Rate ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

INFLUENCE OF THE SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION ON RICE YIELD AND NITROGEN AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY WITH DIFFERENT N APPLICATION RATES

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIMEI ZHAO ◽  
LIANGHUAN WU ◽  
YONGSHAN LI ◽  
XINGHUA LU ◽  
DEFENG ZHU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
N Application ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Rice Intensification ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Rates ◽  
N Use

SUMMARYField experiments were conducted in 2005 and 2006 to investigate the impacts of alternative rice cultivation systems on grain yield, water productivity, N uptake and N use efficiency (ANUE, agronomic N use efficiency; PFP, partial factor productivity of applied N). The trials compared the practices used with the system of rice intensification (SRI) and traditional flooding (TF). The effects of different N application rates (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha−1) and of N rates interacting with the cultivation system were also evaluated. Resulting grain yields with SRI ranged from 5.6 to 7.3 t ha−1, and from 4.1 to 6.4 t ha−1 under TF management. On average, grain yields under SRI were 21% higher in 2005 and 22% higher in 2006 than with TF. Compared with TF, SRI plots had higher harvest index across four fertilizer N rates in both years. However, there was no significance difference in above-ground biomass between two cultivation systems in either year. ANUE was increased significantly under SRI at 80 kg N ha−1 compared with TF, while at higher N application rates, ANUE with SRI was significantly lower than TF. Compared with TF, PFP under SRI was higher across all four N rates in both years, although the difference at 240 kg N ha−1 was not significant. As N rate increased, the ANUE and PFP under both SRI and TF significantly decreased. Reduction in irrigation water use with SRI was 40% in 2005 and 47% in 2006, and water use efficiency, both total and from irrigation, were significantly increased compared to TF. With both SRI and TF, the highest N application was associated with decreases in grain yield, N use efficiency and water use efficiency. This is an important finding given current debates whether N application rates in China are above the optimum, especially considering consequences for soil and water resources. Cultivation system, N rates and their interactions all produced significant differences in this study. Results confirmed that optimizing fertilizer N application rates under SRI is important to increase yield, N use efficiency and water use efficiency.

scholarly journals Response of two-row and six-row barley to fertiliser N under Irish conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Winter Barley ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Application ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Hybrid Cultivar ◽  
N Use

Abstract A range of cultivar types, including two-row and six-row types as well as line and hybrid types, are used for winter barley production in Ireland. There is little information available on the fertiliser nitrogen (N) requirements or the N use efficiency of these different types, particularly under Irish conditions. The objectives of the work presented here were to compare the response to fertiliser N of a two-row line cultivar, a six-row line cultivar and a six-row hybrid cultivar in terms of grain yield and aspects of N use efficiency. Experiments were carried out over three growing seasons, in the period 2012-2014, on a light-textured soil comparing the response of the three cultivars of winter barley to fertiliser N application rates ranging from 0 to 260 kg N/ha. There was no evidence that cultivar type, regardless of whether it was a two-row or six-row line cultivar or a six-row hybrid cultivar, influenced the response to fertiliser N of winter barley. There were some indications that six-row cultivars were less efficient at recovering soil N but used accumulated N more efficiently than the two-row cultivar. This work provided no evidence to support adjustment of fertiliser N inputs to winter barley based on cultivar type.

Nitrogen management in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
D Panda ◽  
AK Nayak ◽  
S Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Management Options ◽  
N Application ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Management ◽  
N Use

Nitrogen is the one of most limiting nutrient for rice production, and in India rice cultivation alone accounts approximately 37% of the total fertilizer-N consumption in the year 1917-18. However, 60-70% of applied N is lost from the rice ecosystem system in the form of reactive N species such as ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrate (NO3) through various processes. Hence enhancing N use efficiency through improved N management is of greater importance for ensuring food security and environmental sustainability. The decisions on optimum level, time, form and method of N application are crucial to an efficient N management strategy. Earlier studies suggested blanket fertilizer recommendations for different rice ecosystems and soil test based fertilizer applications. Subsequently, innovative methods of N application including deep placement of urea super granule in reduced zone, subsurface incorporation of urea through farmer friendly methods were also recommended Recently several advancements have been made in N management practices for rice crop such as site specific N management, real time N management using leaf colour chart (LCC) and customised LCC, enhanced efficiency N fertilizers (EENF) using N transformation regulators and GIS and remote sensing (RS) - based N application technologies. The objective of this paper is to comprehensively discuss about the established and emerging N management options for improving yield, N use efficiency and environmental sustainability of rice.

Effects of nitrogen application rate on soil and plant characteristics in pastures of perennial grass mixtures in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China

Soil Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Dong ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
M. J. Wei ◽  
R. J. Long ◽  
Z. Z. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Alpine Region ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Application ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
N Application Rate ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Total Soil N

To illustrate the effect of nitrogen (N) application on soil physical and chemical characteristics, herbage yield and quality, and nitrogen and water use efficiency in the alpine region of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, a 3-year experiment was conducted on 3 mixtures of 4 perennial grasses commonly cultivated on the Plateau, Bromus inermis (BI) + Elymus nutans (EN), BI + E. sibricus (ES) + Agropyron cristatum (AC), and BI + ES + EN + AC by applying 4 levels of N fertiliser, 0, 115, 230, and 345 kg/ha from 1998 to 2000 in a randomised design. At harvesting time, soil pH and soil dry bulk density at 0–30 cm depth did not vary with N application rate. Soil organic carbon at 0–30 cm was not significantly variable under different N rates. Total soil N at 0–30 cm increased with N application rate and application year. After 3 years’ consecutive N treatment, total soil N reached 13 g/kg at an N application rate of 345 kg/ha. Soluble soil N at 0–30 cm increased with application rate but decreased with application year. At 345 kg N/ha application rate, soluble soil N was >100 mg/kg in 1998, but decreased to around 80 mg/kg in 2000. Herbage DM yields increased linearly with the N application rate. Compared with no fertiliser, 1.5 times more DM yield in 1998 and nearly double the DM yield in 1999 and 2000 were harvested for all grass mixtures at 345 kg N/ha. N concentrations in the herbages were significantly improved by N application. Each N fertiliser rate increased N contents in grass herbages by ≈3 g organic matter/kg. Apparent nitrogen recovery (ANR) decreased with N application rate in the establishment year of 1998, but increased with N application rate in 1999 and 2000. N use efficiency (NUE) decreased with N application throughout the experiment. Precipitation use efficiency (PUE) was significantly improved by N application for each grass mixture. Positive residual N-fertiliser effects were observed on herbage DM yield, ANR, NUE, and PUE in this study. BI + ES + AC showed higher DM yields, ANR, NUE, and PUE than the other 2 grass mixtures, and thus was proposed for N-input grassland systems in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Nitrogen management in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (Special) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
D Panda ◽  
AK Nayak ◽  
S Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Management Options ◽  
N Application ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Management ◽  
N Use

Nitrogen is the one of most limiting nutrient for rice production, and in India rice cultivation alone accounts approximately 37% of the total fertilizer-N consumption in the year 1917-18. However, 60-70% of applied N is lost from the rice ecosystem system in the form of reactive N species such as ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrate (NO3) through various processes. Hence enhancing N use efficiency through improved N management is of greater importance for ensuring food security and environmental sustainability. The decisions on optimum level, time, form and method of N application are crucial to an efficient N management strategy. Earlier studies suggested blanket fertilizer recommendations for different rice ecosystems and soil test based fertilizer applications. Subsequently, innovative methods of N application including deep placement of urea super granule in reduced zone, subsurface incorporation of urea through farmer friendly methods were also recommended Recently several advancements have been made in N management practices for rice crop such as site specific N management, real time N management using leaf colour chart (LCC) and customised LCC, enhanced efficiency N fertilizers (EENF) using N transformation regulators and GIS and remote sensing (RS) - based N application technologies. The objective of this paper is to comprehensively discuss about the established and emerging N management options for improving yield, N use efficiency and environmental sustainability of rice.

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