Effect of Elevated UV-B Radiation on Microbial Biomass C and Soil Respiration in Different Barley Cultivars Under Field Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 228 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunsheng Lou ◽  
Xiatian Gu ◽  
Wenlin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Barley Cultivars

Microbial biomass and activity in the humus layer following burning: short-term effects of two different fires

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1275-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna Pietikäinen ◽  
Hannu Fritze
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Fungal Hyphae ◽  
C And N

During a 3-year study, soil microbial biomass C and N, length of the fungal hyphae, soil respiration, and the percent mass loss of needle litter were recorded in coniferous forest soil humus layers following a prescribed burning (PB) treatment or a forest fire simulation (FF) treatment (five plots per treatment). Unburned humus from adjacent plots served as controls (PC and FC, respectively). Prescribed burning was more intensive than the forest fire, and this was reflected in all the measurements taken. The amounts of microbial biomass C and N, length of fungal hyphae, and soil respiration in the PB area did not recover to their controls levels, whereas unchanged microbial biomass N and recovery of the length of the fungal hyphae to control levels were observed in the FF area. The mean microbial C/N ratio was approximately 7 in all the areas, which reflected the C/N ratio of the soil microbial community. Deviation from this mean value, as observed during the first three samplings from the PB area (3, 18, and 35 days after fire treatment), suggested a change in the composition of the microbial community. Of the two treated areas, the decrease in soil respiration (laboratory measurements) was much more pronounced in the PB area. However, when the humus samples from both areas were adjusted to 60% water holding capacity, no differences in respiration capacity were observed. The drier humus, due to higher soil temperatures, of the PB area is a likely explanation for the low soil respiration. Lower soil respiration was not reflected in lower litter decomposition rates of the PB area, since there was a significantly higher needle litter mass loss during the first year in the PB area followed by a decline to the control level during the second year. Consistently higher mass losses were recorded in the FC area than in the FF area.

Dynamics of soil microbial biomass C, soluble organic C and CO2 evolution after three years of manure application

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rochette ◽  
E. G. Gregorich
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Manure Amendments ◽  
Soluble C

Application of manure and fertilizer affects the rate and extent of mineralization and sequestration of C in soil. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of 3 yr of application of N fertilizer and different manure amendments on CO2 evolution and the dynamics of soil microbial biomass and soluble C in the field. Soil respiration, soluble organic C and microbial biomass C were measured at intervals over the growing season in maize soils amended with stockpiled or rotted manure, N fertilizer (200 kg N ha−1) and with no amendments (control). Manure amendments increased soil respiration and levels of soluble organic C and microbial biomass C by a factor of 2 to 3 compared with the control, whereas the N fertilizer had little effect on any parameter. Soil temperature explained most of the variations in CO2 flux (78 to 95%) in each treatment, but data from all treatments could not be fitted to a unique relationship. Increases in CO2 emission and soluble C resulting from manure amendments were strongly correlated (r2 = 0.75) with soil temperature. This observation confirms that soluble C is an active C pool affected by biological activity. The positive correlation between soluble organic C and soil temperature also suggests that production of soluble C increases more than mineralization of soluble C as temperature increases. The total manure-derived CO2-C was equivalent to 52% of the applied stockpiled-manure C and 67% of the applied rotted-manure C. Estimates of average turnover rates of microbial biomass ranged between 0.72 and 1.22 yr−1 and were lowest in manured soils. Manured soils also had large quantities of soluble C with a slower turnover rate than that in either fertilized or unamended soils. Key words: Soil respiration, greenhouse gas, soil carbon

scholarly journals Carbon Organic Content under Organic and Conventional Paddy Field and its Effect on Biological Activities (A Case Study in Pati Regency, Indonesia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Melja Karni Pratiwi ◽  
Slamet Minardi ◽  
Nanda Lintang Prastiyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C

The low organic matter content of paddy soils impacts the declining quality of land. Without the efforts to enrich the soil organic matter (SOM) content, the productivity of paddy fields will decrease or the need for inorganic fertilizers will increase to reach the level of yield. The present research aims to determine the effect of differences in organic and conventional paddy fields management practices on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and biological activities. The research was conducted from July to September 2018 on organic and conventional paddy fields in Dukuhseti Sub-district, Pati Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Sampling points were taken from six organic samples in the organic paddy fields while the other six samples were taken from conventional paddy fields. The variables observed in this research were organic C, pH, total N soil, total bacterial colonies, soil respiration and microbial biomass C. The results show that the organic C content in the organic paddy field (2.4%) was higher than that of the conventional paddy field (1.8%). The C content of organic paddy fields increased by 0.6%. The differences of the total bacterial colonies, soil respiration and microbial biomass C between organic paddy fields and conventional paddy fields were 11.5 CFU g<sup>-1</sup>, 7.42 mg CO<sub>2</sub> week<sup>-1</sup> and 0.51 µg g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, because the use of organic farming systems could improve the biological nature of soils and caused biological activity in organic paddy fields to have the highest value compared to conventional paddy fields.

EFFECTS OF SURFACE MINING ON THE MICROBIOLOGY OF A PRAIRIE SITE IN ALBERTA, CANADA

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUZANNE VISSER ◽  
CONNIE L. GRIFFITHS ◽  
D. PARKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Disturbed Soil ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Prairie Soil ◽  
Disturbed Site

The effects of surface mining for coal on soil respiration (CO2), microbial biomass C, ATP levels, bacterial and actinomycete numbers, bacterial taxa, hyphal lengths, fungal taxa, N2 fixation and decomposition potential were determined for a short-grass prairie site in southern Alberta, Canada. Soil respiration, microbial biomass C, ATP, actinomycete numbers, hyphal lengths and N2-fixing potential were significantly lower in the mined soil particularly when compared to the undisturbed topsoil. Bacterial numbers were, however, greater in the mined soil than in the unmined soil. The bacteria isolated from the undisturbed soil were dominated by Bacillus spp., coryneforms and non-pigmented Gram-negative rods, while those from the disturbed soil belonged mainly to the coryneform group. Mining also caused the fungal community to shift from one dominated by Chrysosporium-Pseudogymnoascus and sterile dark organisms to one dominated by Alternaria spp., Cladosporium spp., sterile dark forms and yeasts. Decomposition of filter paper, 24 mo after their placement in the field, was significantly faster on the disturbed site than on the undisturbed site. Key words: Surface mining, microbiology, prairie soil

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