Short-term effect of nitrogen addition on nitric oxide emissions from an alpine meadow in the Tibetan Plateau

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 12474-12479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongheng Gao ◽  
Xingxing Ma ◽  
David J. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Nitric Oxide Emissions

Short-term Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Litter and Soil Properties in Calamagrostis angustifolia Freshwater Marshes of Northeast China

Wetlands ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyu Song ◽  
Changchun Song ◽  
Yingchen Li ◽  
Cuicui Hou ◽  
Guisheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Freshwater Marshes ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Calamagrostis Angustifolia

Interactive effects of short-term nitrogen enrichment and simulated grazing on ecosystem respiration in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (19) ◽  
pp. 6191-6201 ◽  
Author(s):  
宗宁 ZONG Ning ◽  
石培礼 SHI Peili ◽  
蔣婧 JIANG Jing ◽  
熊定鹏 XIONG Dingpeng ◽  
孟丰收 MENG Fengshou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Enrichment ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Simulated Grazing

A Newspaper’s Effect on the Strength of Automatic Associations in Memory

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implicit Measure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Automatic Associations ◽  
Foreign Nationality ◽  
The Impact

A test was done to see if reading a newspaper which consistently overrepresents foreigners as criminals strengthens the automatic association between foreign country and criminal in memory (i.e., implicit cultivation). Further, an investigation was done to find out if reading articles from the same newspaper produces a short-term effect on the same measure and if (1) emotionalization of the newspaper texts, (2) emotional reactions of the reader (indicated by arousal), and (3) attributed text credibility moderate the short-term treatment effect. Eighty-five participants were assigned to one of three experimental conditions. Participants in the control group received short factual crime texts, where the nationality of the offender was not mentioned. Participants in the factual treatment group received the same texts, but the foreign nationality was mentioned. Participants in the emotionalized treatment group received emotionalized articles (i.e., texts which are high in vividness and frequency) covering the same crimes, with the foreign nationality mentioned. Supporting empirical evidence for implicit cultivation and a short-term effect was found. However, only emotionalized articles produced a short-term effect on the strength of the automatic association, indicating that newspaper texts must have a minimum of stimulus intensity to overcome an effect threshold. There were no moderating effects of arousal or credibility pertaining to the impact on the implicit measure. However, credibility moderated the short-term effect on a first-order judgment (i.e., estimated frequency of foreigners of all criminals). This indicates that a newspaper’s effect on the strength of automatic associations is relatively independent from processes of propositional reasoning.

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