scholarly journals Validity and reliability of innovative field measurements of tibial accelerations and spinal kinematics during cricket fast bowling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy Senington ◽  
Raymond Y. Lee ◽  
Jonathan Mark Williams
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Minimum Detectable Change ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Spinal Kinematics

AbstractThe use of inertial sensors in fast bowling analysis may offer a cheaper and portable alternative to current methodologies. However, no previous studies have assessed the validity and reliability of such methods. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of collecting tibial accelerations and spinal kinematics using inertial sensors during in vivo fast bowling. Thirty-five elite male fast bowlers volunteered for this study. An accelerometer attached to the skin over the tibia was used to determine impacts and inertial sensors over the S1, L1 and T1 spinous processes used to derive the relative kinematics. These measurements were compared to optoelectronic and force plate data for validity analysis. Most acceleration and kinematics variables measured report significant correlations > 0.8 with the corresponding gold standard measurement, with intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.7. Low standard error of measurement and consequently small minimum detectable change (MDC) values were also observed. This study demonstrates that inertial sensors are as valid and reliable as current methods of fast bowling analysis and may provide some advantages over traditional methods. The novel metrics and methods described in this study may aid coaches and practitioners in the design and monitoring of fast bowling technique. Graphical abstract Graphical abstract illustrating the synopsis of the findings from this paper.

scholarly journals Validity of Inertial Sensors for Assessing Balance Kinematics and Mobility during Treadmill-Based Perturbation and Dance Training

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3065
Author(s):  
Ernest Kwesi Ofori ◽  
Shuaijie Wang ◽  
Tanvi Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dance Training ◽  
Silver Standard ◽  
Mean Square Errors ◽  
Reactive Balance

Inertial sensors (IS) enable the kinematic analysis of human motion with fewer logistical limitations than the silver standard optoelectronic motion capture (MOCAP) system. However, there are no data on the validity of IS for perturbation training and during the performance of dance. The aim of this present study was to determine the concurrent validity of IS in the analysis of kinematic data during slip and trip-like perturbations and during the performance of dance. Seven IS and the MOCAP system were simultaneously used to capture the reactive response and dance movements of fifteen healthy young participants (Age: 18–35 years). Bland Altman (BA) plots, root mean square errors (RMSE), Pearson’s correlation coefficients (R), and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to compare kinematic variables of interest between the two systems for absolute equivalency and accuracy. Limits of agreements (LOA) of the BA plots ranged from −0.23 to 0.56 and −0.21 to 0.43 for slip and trip stability variables, respectively. The RMSE for slip and trip stabilities were from 0.11 to 0.20 and 0.11 to 0.16, respectively. For the joint mobility in dance, LOA varied from −6.98–18.54, while RMSE ranged from 1.90 to 13.06. Comparison of IS and optoelectronic MOCAP system for reactive balance and body segmental kinematics revealed that R varied from 0.59 to 0.81 and from 0.47 to 0.85 while ICC was from 0.50 to 0.72 and 0.45 to 0.84 respectively for slip–trip perturbations and dance. Results of moderate to high concurrent validity of IS and MOCAP systems. These results were consistent with results from similar studies. This suggests that IS are valid tools to quantitatively analyze reactive balance and mobility kinematics during slip–trip perturbation and the performance of dance at any location outside, including the laboratory, clinical and home settings.

scholarly journals Validity and Repeatability of Single-Sensor Loadsol Insoles during Landing

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Peebles ◽  
Lindsay Maguire ◽  
Kristen Renner ◽  
Robin Queen
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Clinically feasible methods for quantifying landing kinetics could help identify patients at risk for secondary anterior cruciate ligament injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and between-day repeatability of the loadsol insole during a single-hop and bilateral stop-jump. Thirty healthy recreational athletes completed seven single-hops and seven stop-jumps while simultaneous loadsol (100 Hz) and force plate (1920 Hz) measurements were recorded. Peak impact force, loading rate, and impulse were computed for the dominant limb, and limb symmetry was calculated between limbs for each measure. All outcomes were compared between the loadsol and force plate using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland–Altman plots. Fifteen participants completed a second day of testing to assess between-day repeatability of the loadsol. Finally, an additional 14 participants completed the first day of testing only to assess the validity of the newest generation loadsol, which sampled at 200 Hz. At 100 Hz, validity ICC results were moderate to excellent (0.686–0.982), and repeatability ICC results were moderate to excellent (0.616–0.928). The 200 Hz loadsol demonstrated improved validity ICC (0.765–0.987). Bland–Altman plots revealed that the loadsol underestimated load measures. However, this bias was not observed for symmetry outcomes. The loadsol device is a valid and repeatable tool for evaluating kinetics during landing.

scholarly journals Valid and Reliable Barbell Velocity Estimation Using an Inertial Measurement Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9170
Author(s):  
Steffen Held ◽  
Ludwig Rappelt ◽  
Jan-Philip Deutsch ◽  
Lars Donath
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Velocity Estimation ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reliability Indicators

The accurate assessment of the mean concentric barbell velocity (MCV) and its displacement are crucial aspects of resistance training. Therefore, the validity and reliability indicators of an easy-to-use inertial measurement unit (VmaxPro®) were examined. Nineteen trained males (23.1 ± 3.2 years, 1.78 ± 0.08 m, 75.8 ± 9.8 kg; Squat 1-Repetition maximum (1RM): 114.8 ± 24.5 kg) performed squats and hip thrusts (3–5 sets, 30 repetitions total, 75% 1RM) on two separate days. The MCV and displacement were simultaneously measured using VmaxPro® and a linear position transducer (Speed4Lift®). Good to excellent intraclass correlation coefficients (0.91 < ICC < 0.96) with a small systematic bias (p < 0.001; ηp2 < 0.50) for squats (0.01 ± 0.04 m·s−1) and hip thrusts (0.01 ± 0.05 m·s−1) and a low limit of agreement (LoA < 0.12 m·s−1) indicated an acceptable validity. The within- and between-day reliability of the MCV revealed good ICCs (0.55 < ICC < 0.91) and a low LoA (<0.16 m·s−1). Although the displacement revealed a systematic bias during squats (p < 0.001; ηp2 < 0.10; 3.4 ± 3.4 cm), no bias was detectable during hip thrusts (p = 0.784; ηp2 < 0.001; 0.3 ± 3.3 cm). The displacement showed moderate to good ICCs (0.43 to 0.95) but a high LoA (7.8 to 10.7 cm) for the validity and (within- and between-day) reliability of squats and hip thrusts. The VmaxPro® is considered to be a valid and reliable tool for the MCV assessment.

scholarly journals The Reliability and Validity of the Loadsol® under Various Walking and Running Conditions

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Renner ◽  
DS Williams ◽  
Robin Queen
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Method ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
Force Data

The assessment of loading during walking and running has historically been limited to data collection in laboratory settings or with devices that require a computer connection. This study aims to determine if the loadsol®—a single sensor wireless insole—is a valid and reliable method of assessing force. Thirty (17 male and 13 female) recreationally active individuals were recruited for a two visit study where they walked (1.3 m/s) and ran (3.0 and 3.5 m/s) at a 0%, 10% incline, and 10% decline, with the visits approximately one week apart. Ground reaction force data was collected on an instrumented treadmill (1440 Hz) and with the loadsol® (100 Hz). Ten individuals completed the day 1 protocol with a newer 200 Hz loadsol®. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC3,k) were used to assess validity and reliability and Bland–Altman plots were generated to better understand loadsol® validity. Across conditions, the peak force ICCs ranged from 0.78 to 0.97, which increased to 0.84–0.99 with the 200 Hz insoles. Similarly, the loading rate ICCs improved from 0.61 to 0.97 to 0.80–0.96 and impulse improved from 0.61 to 0.97 to 0.90–0.97. The 200 Hz insoles may be needed for loading rate and impulse in running. For both walking and running, the loadsol® has excellent between-day reliability (>0.76).

scholarly journals The Test–Retest Reliability of Bilateral and Unilateral Force Plate–Derived Parameters of the Countermovement Push-Up in Elite Boxers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Gemma N. Parry ◽  
Lee C. Herrington ◽  
Ian G. Horsley ◽  
Ian Gatt
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Vertical Stiffness ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Push Up

Context: Maximal power describes the ability to immediately produce power with the maximal velocity at the point of release, impact, and/or take off—the greater an athlete’s ability to produce maximal power, the greater the improvement of athletic performance. In reference to boxing performance, regular consistent production of high muscular power during punching is considered an essential prerequisite. Despite the importance of upper limb power to athletic performance, presently, there is no gold standard test for upper limb force development performance. Objective: To investigate the test–retest reliability of the force plate–derived measures of countermovement push-up in elite boxers. Design: Test–retest design. Setting: High Performance Olympic Training Center. Participants: Eighteen elite Olympic boxers (age = 23 [3] y; height = 1.68 [0.39] m; body mass = 70.0 [17] kg). Intervention: Participants performed 5 repetitions of countermovement push-up trials on FD4000 Forcedeck dual force platforms on 2 separate test occasions 7 days apart. Main Outcome Measures: Peak force, mean force, flight time, rate of force development, impulse, and vertical stiffness of the bilateral and unilateral limbs from the force–time curve. Results: No significant differences between the 2 trial occasions for any of the derived bilateral or unilateral performance measures. Intraclass correlation coefficients indicated moderate to high reliability for performance parameters (intraclass correlation coefficients = .68–.98) and low coefficient of variation (3%–10%) apart from vertical stiffness (coefficient of variation = 16.5%–25%). Mean force demonstrated the greatest reliability (coefficient of variation = 3%). In contrast, no significant differences (P < .001) were noted between left and right limbs (P = .005–.791), or between orthodox or southpaw boxing styles (P = .19–.95). Conclusion: Force platform–derived kinetic bilateral and unilateral parameters of countermovement push-up are reliable measures of upper limb power performance in elite-level boxers; results suggest unilateral differences within the bilateral condition are not the norm for an elite boxing cohort.

scholarly journals The 10/5 Repeated Jumps Test: Are 10 Repetitions and Three Trials Necessary?

Biomechanics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Callum Stratford ◽  
Thomas Dos’Santos ◽  
John J. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Ground Contact Time

The purpose of this study was to identify whether ten repetitions and three trials were necessary to achieve stability in peak reactive strength index (RSI) during the 10/5 repeated jumps test (RJT). Twenty-five males, from multiple sports, performed three trials of the RJT on an in-ground force plate, with 90 seconds’ rest between trials. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC = 0.916–0.986) and coefficients of variation (CV ≤ 14.5%) were considered acceptable for all variables. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and Freidman’s tests revealed large and significant differences (p ≤ 0.006, η2 = 0.159–0.434, power ≥ 0.859) in ground contact time (GCT), jump height (JH), and subsequently RSI both between trials and repetitions. Pairwise comparisons revealed that repetitions 1–3 produced longer GCTs (p ≤ 0.05, d = 0.41–1.40), lower JHs (p ≤ 0.05, d = 0.31–0.56), and lower RSI values (p ≤ 0.05, d = 0.35–1.24). The shortest GCTs, greatest JHs and greater RSIs occurred between repetitions 7 and 10, with approximately 60% of peak RSIs occurring during these ranges. The sequential estimate technique revealed that seven repetitions were needed to attain stability in mean peak RSI. Non-significant (p = 0.554) and negligible differences (d ≤ 0.09) in the five best RSIs between trials were noted. One trial of the 10/5 RJT is sufficient to evaluate peak RSI in athletes and should reduce data collection time and fatigue.

MEASURING LUMBAR SAGITTAL POSTURE IN SEWAGE WORKERS USING AN ULTRASONIC DEVICE

2002 ◽  
Vol 06 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Ultrasonic Device ◽  
Lumbar Flexion ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Work Routine ◽  
Subjective Reports

Because the degree and duration of lumbar flexion during sewage work have only been assessed on the basis of subjective reports, the purpose of this study was to investigate the usability of a measurement system for the non-invasive assessment of lumbar sagittal posture during sewage work using ultrasound. The validity of an ultrasonic measurement device was investigated in 16 healthy individuals by comparing the measurements obtained with the device with both Schober and electronic inclinometer measurements. To determine the intra-rater reliability of the ultrasonic device, short-term, medium-term, and long-term test-retest data were collected. Moreover, the percentage of the work time sewage workers spend in each of seven lumbar flexion categories within their individual lumbar flexion range of motion was assessed. Pearson's correlation coefficients of ≥ 0.88 indicate high validity between the methods. The intraclass correlation coefficients between tests and retests (≥ 0.88) demonstrate high reproducibility of the measurement procedures. Sewage workers spend about 25% of their work day in the most extreme of the seven lumbar posture categories. Also, testing did not interfere with the workers' normal work routine. The validity and reliability data as well as the trouble-free technical performance of the ultrasonic device support its usability for the continuous measurement of lumbar posture during sewage work.

scholarly journals Development and Testing of a Short Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion Skills Checklist

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Schuster ◽  
Brian Stahl ◽  
Connie Murray ◽  
Nowai L. Keleekai ◽  
Kevin Glover
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Intravenous Catheter ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Peripheral Intravenous Catheter ◽  
Skill Mastery

Abstract To date, there is no published, psychometrically validated, short peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) insertion skills checklist. Creating a valid, reliable, and generalizable checklist to measure PIVC skill is a key step in assessing baseline competence and skill mastery. Based on recognized standards and best practices, the PIVC Insertion Skills Checklist was developed to measure all the steps necessary for a best practice PIVC insertion. This includes the entire process from reading the prescriber's orders to documentation and, if the first attempt is unsuccessful, a second attempt option. Content validity was established using 3 infusion therapy experts. Evidence in support of response process validity is described. The PIVC Insertion Skills Checklist was used by 8 trained raters to assess the PIVC insertion skills, in a simulated environment, of 63 practicing clinicians working on medical and surgical units in a US teaching hospital. Internal consistency of the PIVC Insertion Skills Checklist was α = 0.84. Individual item intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between rater and gold standard observations ranged from − 0.01 to 1.00 and total score ICC was 0.99 (95% confidence interval, 0.99–0.99). The current study offers validity and reliability evidence to support the use of the PIVC Insertion Skills Checklist to measure PIVC insertion skill of clinicians in a simulated environment.

scholarly journals Mechanotendography: description and evaluation of a novel method for investigating the physiological mechanical oscillations of tendons using a piezo-based measurement system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura V. Schaefer ◽  
Frank N. Bittmann
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mechanical Oscillations ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Audio Files ◽  
Technical Reliability

The mechanotendography (MTG) is a method for analyzing the mechanical oscillations of tendons during muscular actions. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the technical reliability of a piezo-based measurement system used for MTG. The reliability measurements were performed by using audio samples played by a subwoofer. The thereby generated pressure waves were recorded by a piezo-based measurement system. An audio of 40 Hz sine oscillations and four different formerly in vivo recorded MTG-signals were converted into audio files and were used as test signals. Five trials with each audio were performed and one audio was used for repetition trials on another day. The signals’ correlation was estimated by Spearman (MCC) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC(3,1)), Cronbach’s alpha (CA) and by mean distances (MD). All parameters were compared between repetition and randomized matched signals. The repetition trials show high correlations (MCC: 0.86 ± 0.13, ICC: 0.89 ± 0.12, CA: 0.98 ± 0.03), low MD (0.03 ± 0.03V) and differ significantly from the randomized matched signals (MCC: 0.15 ± 0.10, ICC: 0.17 ± 0.09, CA: 0.37 ± 0.16, MD: 0.19 ± 0.01V) (p = 0.001 – 0.043). This speaks for an excellent reliability of the measurement system. Presuming the skin above superficial tendons oscillates adequately, we estimate this tool as valid for the application in musculoskeletal system.

scholarly journals Mechanotendography: description and evaluation of a novel method for investigating the physiological mechanical oscillations of tendons using a piezo-based measurement system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura V. Schaefer ◽  
Frank N. Bittmann
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mechanical Oscillations ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Audio Files ◽  
Technical Reliability

The mechanotendography (MTG) is a method for analyzing the mechanical oscillations of tendons during muscular actions. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the technical reliability of a piezo-based measurement system used for MTG. The reliability measurements were performed by using audio samples played by a subwoofer. The thereby generated pressure waves were recorded by a piezo-based measurement system. An audio of 40 Hz sine oscillations and four different formerly in vivo recorded MTG-signals were converted into audio files and were used as test signals. Five trials with each audio were performed and one audio was used for repetition trials on another day. The signals’ correlation was estimated by Spearman (MCC) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC(3,1)), Cronbach’s alpha (CA) and by mean distances (MD). All parameters were compared between repetition and randomized matched signals. The repetition trials show high correlations (MCC: 0.86 ± 0.13, ICC: 0.89 ± 0.12, CA: 0.98 ± 0.03), low MD (0.03 ± 0.03V) and differ significantly from the randomized matched signals (MCC: 0.15 ± 0.10, ICC: 0.17 ± 0.09, CA: 0.37 ± 0.16, MD: 0.19 ± 0.01V) (p = 0.001 – 0.043). This speaks for an excellent reliability of the measurement system. Presuming the skin above superficial tendons oscillates adequately, we estimate this tool as valid for the application in musculoskeletal system.

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