Risk factors for low birth weight and preterm birth: A population-based case-control study in Wuhan, China

Objective Low birth weight (LBW) infants (<2,500 g) continued to be a global health problem because of the associated short- and long-term adverse outcomes. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and short-term outcomes of term LBW infants Study Design A prospective and case–control study. All infants born consecutively from September 1, 2018 to August 31, 2019 were included. Cases, term LBW infants, were 1:1 matched to controls, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) term infants. Major congenital or chromosomal anomalies and multiple pregnancies were excluded. Results The prevalence of term LBW in the studied period was 4.8%. Mothers of term LBW infants had significantly lower body mass index (p = 0.05), gained less weight (p = 0.01), had a history of previous LBW (p = 0.01), and lower monthly income (p = 0.04) compared with mothers of term AGA infants even after adjustment for confounders. A nonsignificant higher number of term LBW infants needed NICU admission, while their need for phototherapy was deemed significant. Conclusion We identified nutritional and socioeconomic maternal factors that are significantly associated with LBW infants and should be targeted during antenatal visits to improve neonatal outcomes. Key Points

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Risk factors for low birth weight: Results from a case-control study in southern Spain

American Journal of Physical Anthropology ◽

10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199804)105:4<419::aid-ajpa2>3.0.co;2-j ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 105 (4) ◽

pp. 419-424 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez ◽

Rocío Pérez-Iglesias ◽

Montserrat Gómez-Olmedo ◽

Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas ◽

Ramón Gálvez-Vargas

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Southern Spain ◽

Control Study

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Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy in Brazilian Children: A Case-Control Study

10.1101/2020.12.01.20242248 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marcus Valerius da Silva Peixoto ◽

Andrezza Marques Duque ◽

Allan Dantas dos Santos ◽

Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida Lima ◽

Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Perinatal Factors ◽

Apgar Scores ◽

Control Study ◽

Brazilian Children

ABSTRACTBackgroundCerebral palsy is the main cause of physical disability in childhood.ObjectivesThis study analyzed prenatal and perinatal risk factors that contribute to cerebral palsy in Brazilian children.MethodsA case-control study was conducted with 2- to 10-year-old children in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. The cases were population-based, selected from the Primary Health Care services. The controls were selected from the database of the Brazilian Live Births Information System. Controls were paired with cases by gender, year, and hospital of birth.ResultsA total of 570 participants (114 cases and 456 controls) were studied. Most of the participants were male, with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Among the prenatal factors examined, the presence of congenital anomalies was significantly different between cases and controls (OR = 54.28, [95% CI 12.55, 234.86]). The analysis of perinatal factors revealed significant differences between cases and controls in low birth weight (OR = 3.8, [95% CI 2.34, 6.16]), preterm birth (OR = 2.31, [95% CI 1.41, 3.80]), and low Apgar scores (OR = 14.73, [95% CI 5.27, 41.15]).ConclusionsThe main prenatal and perinatal factors associated with cerebral palsy in our population were congenital anomalies, low Apgar scores, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The perinatal period had more risk factors, demanding a deeper study of their causes and of possible preventive measures.

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