Modeling of Vortex Flows in Direct Current (DC) Electric Arc Furnace with Different Bottom Electrode Positions

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Kazak
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Bottom Electrode ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Vortex Flows ◽  
Arc Furnace

scholarly journals Design and Construction of a Laboratory-Scale Direct-Current Electric Arc Furnace for Metallurgical and High-Titanium Slag Smelting Studies

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Botao Xue ◽  
Lingzhi Yang ◽  
Yufeng Guo ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Melting Time ◽  
Furnace Lining ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Titanium Slag ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Metallized Pellets ◽  
The Heat Balance

A novel direct-current electric arc furnace (DC-EAF) was designed and constructed in this study for experimentally investigating high-titanium slag smelting, with an emphasis on addressing the issues of incomplete separation of metal and slag as well as poor insulation effects. The mechanical components (crucible, electrode, furnace lining, etc.) were designed and developed, and an embedded crucible design was adopted to promote metal-slag separation. The lining and bottom thicknesses of the furnace were determined via calculation using the heat balance equations, which improved the thermal insulation. To monitor the DC-EAF electrical parameters, suitable software was developed. For evaluating the performance of the furnace, a series of tests were run to determine the optimal coke addition under the conditions of constant temperature (1607 °C) and melting time (90 min). The results demonstrated that for 12 kg of titanium-containing metallized pellets, 4% coke was the most effective for enrichment of TiO2 in the high-titanium slag, with the TiO2 content reaching 93.34%. Moreover, the DC-EAF met the design requirements pertaining to lining thickness and facilitated metal-slag separation, showing satisfactory performance during experiments.

Energy Balance and Offgas Utilization of Ilmenite Smelting in a 30 MVA Direct Current Electric Arc Furnace

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 2343-2348
Author(s):  
Feng Xia Han ◽  
Ting Lei ◽  
Lin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Heat Quantity ◽  
Safety Production

Energy balance and offgas utilization of ilmenite smelting in 30 MVA direct current electric arc furnace (DC furnace) of a Yunnan company were investigated to make sure safety production, and to save energy and reduce pollution. The total input energy in the DC furnace was 2,000 kWh per ton of ilmenite, in which 1,003.31 kWh per ton of ilmenite was used to carbothermic reduction and other energy was consumed as heatloss. Based on energy conservation, the whole system heatloss in physical production should be controlled at 1,000 kWh per ton of ilmenite. With high combustion heat, the offgas discharged from furnace after treatment could be used to ilmenite drying, anthracite drying, titanium slag drying, and casting ladle baking. The offgas design flow ranged from 5,000 to 8,000 Nm3/h with the mean of 6,500 Nm3/h. The combustion heat quantity of offgas in the plant was 82,160 MJ per hour, which could save 480,276.8 kWh of electrical energy per day, and thus lower carbon emission of the whole production line.

Balance of Raw Input and Energy of Titanium Slag Smelting in Closed High Power Direct Current Electric Arc Furnace

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 1516-1521
Author(s):  
Feng Xia Han ◽  
Xiu Li Sang ◽  
Jian Xin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
High Power ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Slag Viscosity ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Titanium Slag ◽  
Freeze Lining

There were two controlling factors, which should be kept balance of raw input and energy during titanium slag smelting in closed high power direct current electric arc furnace, DC furnace for short. The first factor contains compositions and ratio of input raw materials. Compositions of the raw could influence the progress and technical indicators of DC furnace smelting, and on the meanwhile, it could determine the compositions of impurity and contents of TiO2 in titanium slag. On the other hand, the ratio of input infected the compositions of the slag, while too much anthracite would disadvantage to produce high quality slag because of impurity being reduced continually. Meanwhile much more low-state titanium would be generated. The second factor was an important one that energy equilibrium, which influence the production safety of DC furnace. It could keep balance of input and output energy, while the heatloss was 4.971 MVA. While the ratio of anthracite remained the same, the energy would effect slag viscosity and equilibrium of freeze lining directly. The energy input higher than smelting need would result in burnthrough of furnace wall and hearth, on the contrary, lower than smelting need would bring about slagging difficulties. Consequently, raw input and energy must be kept dynamic balance in order to achieve high quality titanium slag and protect freeze lining.

Intelligent Compound Control of Direct Current Electric Arc Furnace

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (13) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Xianwen Gao ◽  
Shujiang Li ◽  
Tianyou Chai ◽  
Xiaogang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Compound Control

Analytical Electron Microscopy Characterization of Electric Arc Furnace Dust

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
J. R. Porter ◽  
J. I. Goldstein ◽  
D. B. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Residual Elements ◽  
Industry Practice

Alloy scrap metal is increasingly being used in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking and the alloying elements are also found in the resulting dust. A comprehensive characterization program of EAF dust has been undertaken in collaboration with the steel industry and AISI. Samples have been collected from the furnaces of 28 steel companies representing the broad spectrum of industry practice. The program aims to develop an understanding of the mechanisms of formation so that procedures to recover residual elements or recycle the dust can be established. The multi-phase, multi-component dust particles are amenable to individual particle analysis using modern analytical electron microscopy (AEM) methods.Particles are ultrasonically dispersed and subsequently supported on carbon coated formvar films on berylium grids for microscopy. The specimens require careful treatment to prevent agglomeration during preparation which occurs as a result of the combined effects of the fine particle size and particle magnetism. A number of approaches to inhibit agglomeration are currently being evaluated including dispersal in easily sublimable organic solids and size fractioning by centrifugation.

Monitoring the environmental and energy impacts of electric arc furnace steelmaking

2016 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Colla ◽  
Filippo Cirilli ◽  
Bernd Kleimt ◽  
Inigo Unamuno ◽  
Silvia Tosato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Furnace
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