The cortical distribution of first and second language in the right hemisphere of bilinguals – an exploratory study by repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1034-1049
Author(s):  
Lorena Tussis ◽  
Nico Sollmann ◽  
Tobias Boeckh-Behrens ◽  
Bernhard Meyer ◽  
Sandro M. Krieg
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cortical Distribution

scholarly journals Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation of the supplementary motor cortex disrupts fine motor skills in healthy adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Severin Schramm ◽  
Lucia Albers ◽  
Sebastian Ille ◽  
Axel Schröder ◽  
Bernhard Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fine Motor Skills ◽  
Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Supplementary Motor Cortex ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractNavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) over the supplementary motor area (SMA) may impact fine motor skills. This study evaluates different nTMS parameters in their capacity to affect fine motor performance on the way to develop an SMA mapping protocol. Twenty healthy volunteers performed a variety of fine motor tests during baseline and nTMS to the SMA using 5 Hz, 10 Hz, and theta-burst stimulation (TBS). Effects on performance were measured by test completion times (TCTs), standard deviation of inter-tap interval (SDIT), and visible coordination problems (VCPs). The predominant stimulation effect was slowing of TCTs, i.e. a slowdown of test performances during stimulation. Furthermore, participants exhibited VCPs like accidental use of contralateral limbs or inability to coordinate movements. More instances of significant differences between baseline and stimulation occurred during stimulation of the right hemisphere compared to left-hemispheric stimulation. In conclusion, nTMS to the SMA could enable new approaches in neuroscience and enable structured mapping approaches. Specifically, this study supports interhemispheric differences in motor control as right-hemispheric stimulation resulted in clearer impairments. The application of our nTMS-based setup to assess the function of the SMA should be applied in patients with changed anatomo-functional representations as the next step, e.g. among patients with eloquent brain tumors.

Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation for preoperative language mapping in a patient with a left frontoopercular glioblastoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Sollmann ◽  
Thomas Picht ◽  
Jyrki P. Mäkelä ◽  
Bernhard Meyer ◽  
Florian Ringel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Awake Surgery ◽  
Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Clear Speech ◽  
Language Mapping ◽  
Motor Mapping ◽  
The Right

Up to now, navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) has been used for motor mapping in the vicinity of rolandic brain lesions. Recently, nTMS has also been suggested to be useful in mapping human language areas. The authors describe the case of a left-handed patient with a left-side glioblastoma within the opercular inferior frontal gyrus who presented with severe motor aphasia. Preoperative functional MRI (fMRI) indicated speech dominance of the right hemisphere and did not show any language-related activation in the vicinity of the tumor. Navigated TMS, however, showed a significantly higher rate of induced speech arrests for the left than for the right. Left-side direct cortical stimulation induced clear speech arrests during awake surgery. This case suggests that nTMS may be useful for preoperative speech mapping in tumors affecting the anatomy, vasculature, and brain oxygen levels and therefore impairing fMRI reliability.

scholarly journals Neuronavigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as Novel Mapping Technique Provides Insights Into Language Function in Primary Progressive Aphasia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Mueller-Sarnowski ◽  
Nico Sollmann ◽  
Axel Schröder ◽  
Leen Houri ◽  
Sebastian Ille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Language Mapping ◽  
Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Primary Progressive ◽  
The Right

Abstract Neuronavigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (nrTMS) is an innovative technique that provides insight into language function with high accuracy in time and space. So far, nrTMS has mainly been applied in presurgical language mapping of patients with cranial neoplasms. For the present study nrTMS was used for language mapping in primary progressive aphasia Seven patients (median age: 70 years, 4 males) with the non-fluent variant of primary progressive aphasia were included in this pilot study. Inhibitory nrTMS trains (5 Hz, 40 % resting motor threshold) caused virtual lesions at 46 standardized cortical stimulation targets per hemisphere. Patients’ errors in a naming task during stimulation were counted. The majority of errors induced occurred during frontal lobe stimulation (34.3 %). Timing errors and non-responses were most frequent. More errors were induced in the right hemisphere (58%) than in the left hemisphere (42%). Mapping was tolerated by all patients, however, discomfort or pain was reported for stimulation of frontal areas. The elevated right-hemispheric error rate in our study supports the hypothesis of a partial shift of language function to the right hemisphere in neurodegenerative aphasia during the course of disease and therefore points to the existence of significant neuronal plasticity in primary progressive aphasia. While this is an interesting finding for neurodegenerative disorders per se, its promotion might also harbor future therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of transcranial magnetic stimulation of the prefrontal cortex for the correction of autonomic disorders in miners with polyneuropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 679-682
Author(s):  
Margarita O. Gidayatova ◽  
Ilya D. Martynov ◽  
Anastasia V. Yamshchikova ◽  
Arnold N. Fleishman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Autonomic Disorders ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stimulation Of

Introduction. Polyneuropathy is the most common occupational neurological pathology. Violation of the activity of the central links of autonomic regulation due to excessive afferent impulses from the receptors of the skin and other tissues of the extremities leads to sympathetic activation and angiospasm, the progression of polyneuropathy. A decrease in the parasympathetic influence is the cause of systemic trophic disturbances. The possibility of transcranial magnetic stimulation of the prefrontal cortex opens up new therapeutic opportunities to correct the autonomic disorders in occupationally caused polyneuropathy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsolateral zone in the prefrontal cortex of the right hemisphere for the correction of neuroautonomic disorders in miners with polyneuropathy. Material and methods. Forty-two miners of the Kuzbass coal mines with a proven diagnosis of upper extremity polyneuropathy were examined. To identify autonomic dysregulation, the “Questionnaire for revealing the signs of autonomic changes”, spectral and nonlinear indices of cardio rhythm were used. Low-frequency (1 Hz) transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsolateral zone of the prefrontal cortex of the right hemisphere was performed in the course of 5 procedures according to a specially elaborated methodology. Results. In the examined miners, a decrease in the nonlinear and spectral indices of heart rate variability was initially determined, which indicated reducing adaptive capabilities, an increase in sympathetic influence. After the magnetic stimulation course, there was an improvement in general well-being and normalization of autonomous regulation according to the questionnaire. An increase in the spectral indices of the heart rate variability, more pronounced in the range of very low frequencies, indicated the activation of suprasegmental autonomic centers and an increase in parasympathetic influence. Conclusions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the prefrontal cortex effectively corrects autonomic disorders in miners with polyneuropathy and promotes an increase in adaptive capabilities due to the activation of suprasegmental autonomic centres.

Mathematics and TMS

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Rusconi ◽  
Carlo Umiltà
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Number Line ◽  
Mathematical Cognition ◽  
Mental Number Line ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

This article introduces the relationship between mathematical cognition and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The mental number line is located in the parietal lobe. Studies employing TMS have explored issues related to the mental number line. This article reviews the studies centered on the magnitude code. The results show that even though the parietal activation is nearly always present in both hemispheres, it is often asymmetric, being greater in the right hemisphere when quantification of nonverbal and nonsymbolic material is required. Neuropsychological studies confirm the relation between the magnitude code and the parietal lobe. The extent to which number-related processes are number specific, and the extent to which they overlap with other aspects of spatial or magnitude representation, is currently a burgeoning area of research. Current work is aimed to disrupt numerical processes and observe concomitant changes in brain activation.

Excitatory Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation With H-Coil Over the Right Homologous Broca’s Region Improves Naming in Chronic Post-stroke Aphasia

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Chieffo ◽  
Federico Ferrari ◽  
Petronilla Battista ◽  
Elise Houdayer ◽  
Arturo Nuara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Random Sequence ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Broca’S Region ◽  
The Right

Background. The role of the right hemisphere in poststroke aphasia recovery is still controversial and the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the right homologous Broca’s region have been seldom investigated. Objective. This study aimed to compare the effect of excitatory, inhibitory, and sham rTMS delivered with H-coil over the right inferior frontal gyrus in chronic aphasic patients. Methods. Five right-handed poststroke aphasic patients underwent a picture naming task before and immediately after each of 3 sessions of rTMS: excitatory (10 Hz), inhibitory (1 Hz), and sham rTMS, in random sequence and separated by at least 1 week. Results. Only the excitatory 10-Hz stimulation was associated with a significant improvement in naming performance ( P = .043) and was significantly more effective than 1-Hz rTMS ( P = .043). Conclusions. A single session of excitatory deep brain rTMS over the right inferior frontal gyrus with H-coil significantly improves naming in right-handed chronic poststroke aphasic patients. This result is in line with the hypothesis of a positive, rather than detrimental, role of the right hemisphere in chronic aphasia due to a left-hemispheric stroke.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Human Frontal Eye Field: Effects on Visual Perception and Attention

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1109-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Hélène Grosbras ◽  
Tomáš Paus
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Frontal Eye Field ◽  
Target Onset ◽  
Eye Field ◽  
The Right

When looking at one object, human subjects can shift their attention to another object in their visual field without moving the eyes. Such shifts of attention activate the same brain regions as those involved in the execution of eye movements. Here we investigate the role of one of the main cortical oculomotor area, namely, the frontal eye field (FEF), in shifts of attention. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a technique known to disrupt transiently eye-movements preparation. We hypothesized that if the FEF is a necessary element in the network involved in shifting attention without moving the eyes, then TMS should also disrupt visuospatial attention. For each volunteer, we positioned the TMS coil over the probabilistic anatomical location of the FEF, and we verified that single pulses delayed eye movements. We then applied TMS during a visuospatial attention task. In this task, a central arrow directed shifts of attention and the subject responded by a keypress to a subsequent visual peripheral target without moving the eyes from the central fixation point. In a few trials, the cue was invalid or uninformative, yielding slower responses than when the cue was valid. We delivered single pulses either 53 msec before or 70 msec after target onset. Contrary to our prediction, the main effect of the stimulation was a decrease in reaction time when it was applied 53 msec before target onset. TMS over the left hemisphere facilitated responses to targets in the right hemifield only and for all cueing conditions, whereas TMS over the right hemisphere had a bilateral effect for valid and neutral but not invalid cueing. Thus, TMS interfered with shift of attention only in the case of right hemisphere stimulation: it increased the cost of invalid cueing. Our results suggest that TMS over the FEF facilitates visual detection, and thereby reduces reaction time. This finding provides new insights into the role of the human FEF in processing visual information. The functional asymmetry observed for both facilitation of visual detection and interference with shifts of attention provides further evidence for the dominance of the right hemisphere for those processes. Our results also underline that the disruptive or facilitative effect of TMS over a given region depends upon the behavioral context.

scholarly journals Bihemispheric Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Mapping for Action Naming Compared to Object Naming in Sentence Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1190
Author(s):  
Ann-Katrin Ohlerth ◽  
Roelien Bastiaanse ◽  
Chiara Negwer ◽  
Nico Sollmann ◽  
Severin Schramm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Sentence Context ◽  
Object Naming ◽  
Semantic Retrieval ◽  
Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Language Mapping ◽  
Action Naming

Preoperative language mapping with navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) is currently based on the disruption of performance during object naming. The resulting cortical language maps, however, lack accuracy when compared to intraoperative mapping. The question arises whether nTMS results can be improved, when another language task is considered, involving verb retrieval in sentence context. Twenty healthy German speakers were tested with object naming and a novel action naming task during nTMS language mapping. Error rates and categories in both hemispheres were compared. Action naming showed a significantly higher error rate than object naming in both hemispheres. Error category comparison revealed that this discrepancy stems from more lexico-semantic errors during action naming, indicating lexico-semantic retrieval of the verb being more affected than noun retrieval. In an area-wise comparison, higher error rates surfaced in multiple right-hemisphere areas, but only trends in the left ventral postcentral gyrus and middle superior temporal gyrus. Hesitation errors contributed significantly to the error count, but did not dull the mapping results. Inclusion of action naming coupled with a detailed error analysis may be favorable for nTMS mapping and ultimately improve accuracy in preoperative planning. Moreover, the results stress the recruitment of both left- and right-hemispheric areas during naming.

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