scholarly journals Shear stress distribution prediction in symmetric compound channels using data mining and machine learning models

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1097-1109
Author(s):  
Zohreh Sheikh Khozani ◽  
Khabat Khosravi ◽  
Mohammadamin Torabi ◽  
Amir Mosavi ◽  
Bahram Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Shear Stress Distribution ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Compound Channels ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Machine Learning Models

scholarly journals Data-Driven Approach for Predicting and Explaining the Risk of Long-Term Unemployment

2020 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Linan (Frank) Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Ensemble Machine Learning ◽  
European Public ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Long-term unemployment has significant societal impact and is of particular concerns for policymakers with regard to economic growth and public finances. This paper constructs advanced ensemble machine learning models to predict citizens’ risks of becoming long-term unemployed using data collected from European public authorities for employment service. The proposed model achieves 81.2% accuracy on identifying citizens with high risks of long-term unemployment. This paper also examines how to dissect black-box machine learning models by offering explanations at both a local and global level using SHAP, a state-of-the-art model-agnostic approach to explain factors that contribute to long-term unemployment. Lastly, this paper addresses an under-explored question when applying machine learning in the public domain, that is, the inherent bias in model predictions. The results show that popular models such as gradient boosted trees may produce unfair predictions against senior age groups and immigrants. Overall, this paper sheds light on the recent increasing shift for governments to adopt machine learning models to profile and prioritize employment resources to reduce the detrimental effects of long-term unemployment and improve public welfare.

scholarly journals Machine Learning for the Diagnosis of Orthodontic Extractions: A Computational Analysis Using Ensemble Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Yasir Suhail ◽  
Madhur Upadhyay ◽  
Aditya Chhibber ◽  
Kshitiz
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Ensemble Methods ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Error Training ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Extraction of teeth is an important treatment decision in orthodontic practice. An expert system that is able to arrive at suitable treatment decisions can be valuable to clinicians for verifying treatment plans, minimizing human error, training orthodontists, and improving reliability. In this work, we train a number of machine learning models for this prediction task using data for 287 patients, evaluated independently by five different orthodontists. We demonstrate why ensemble methods are particularly suited for this task. We evaluate the performance of the machine learning models and interpret the training behavior. We show that the results for our model are close to the level of agreement between different orthodontists.

scholarly journals Machine learning can accurately predict pre-admission baseline hemoglobin and creatinine in intensive care patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonin Dauvin ◽  
Carolina Donado ◽  
Patrik Bachtiger ◽  
Ke-Chun Huang ◽  
Christopher Martin Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Impaired Renal Function ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Intensive Care Patients ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Machine Learning Models ◽  
Baseline Hemoglobin

AbstractPatients admitted to the intensive care unit frequently have anemia and impaired renal function, but often lack historical blood results to contextualize the acuteness of these findings. Using data available within two hours of ICU admission, we developed machine learning models that accurately (AUC 0.86–0.89) classify an individual patient’s baseline hemoglobin and creatinine levels. Compared to assuming the baseline to be the same as the admission lab value, machine learning performed significantly better at classifying acute kidney injury regardless of initial creatinine value, and significantly better at predicting baseline hemoglobin value in patients with admission hemoglobin of <10 g/dl.

A Survey of Predicting Heart Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Preethi ◽  
J Selvakumar
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Clinical Area ◽  
Survey Paper ◽  
Critical Challenge ◽  
Machine Learning Models

This paper describes various methods of data mining, big data and machine learning models for predicting the heart disease. Data mining and machine learning plays an important role in building an important model for medical system to predict heart disease or cardiovascular disease. Medical experts can help the patients by detecting the cardiovascular disease before occurring. Now-a-days heart disease is one of the most significant causes of fatality. The prediction of heart disease is a critical challenge in the clinical area. But time to time, several techniques are discovered to predict the heart disease in data mining. In this survey paper, many techniques were described for predicting the heart disease.

scholarly journals Target classification using machine learning approaches with applications to clinical studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Chen Qian ◽  
Jayesh P. Rai ◽  
Jianmin Pan ◽  
Aruni Bhatnagar ◽  
Craig J. McClain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
Parametric Method ◽  
Group Classification ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Visual Data ◽  
Visual Data Mining ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Machine learning has been a trending topic for which almost every research area would like to incorporate some of the technique in their studies. In this paper, we demonstrate several machine learning models using two different data sets. One data set is the thermograms time series data on a cancer study that was conducted at the University of Louisville Hospital, and the other set is from the world-renowned Framingham Heart Study. Thermograms can be used to determine a patient’s health status, yet the difficulty of analyzing such a high-dimensional dataset makes it rarely applied, especially in cancer research. Previously, Rai et al.1 proposed an approach for data reduction along with comparison between parametric method, non-parametric method (KNN), and semiparametric method (DTW-KNN) for group classification. They concluded that the performance of two-group classification is better than the three-group classification. In addition, the classifications between types of cancer are somewhat challenging. The Framingham Heart Study is a famous longitudinal dataset which includes risk factors that could potentially lead to the heart disease. Previously, Weng et al.2 and Alaa et al.3 concluded that machine learning could significantly improve the accuracy of cardiovascular risk prediction. Since the original Framingham data have been thoroughly analyzed, it would be interesting to see how machine learning models could improve prediction. In this manuscript, we further analyze both the thermogram and the Framingham Heart Study datasets with several learning models such as gradient boosting, neural network, and random forest by using SAS Visual Data Mining and Machine Learning on SAS Viya. Each method is briefly discussed along with a model comparison. Based on the Youden’s index and misclassification rate, we select the best learning model. For big data inference, SAS Visual Data Mining and Machine Learning on SAS Viya, a cloud computing and structured statistical solution, may become a choice of computing.

scholarly journals S&P 500 Stock Price Prediction Using Technical, Fundamental and Text Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-788
Author(s):  
Shan Zhong ◽  
David Hitchcock
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Language Models ◽  
News Item ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Stock Price Prediction ◽  
Price Prediction ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Machine Learning Models

We summarized both common and novel predictive models used for stock price prediction and combined them with technical indices, fundamental characteristics and text-based sentiment data to predict S&P stock prices. A 66.18% accuracy in S&P 500 index directional prediction and 62.09% accuracy in individual stock directional prediction was achieved by combining different machine learning models such as Random Forest and LSTM together into state-of-the-art ensemble models. The data we use contains weekly historical prices, finance reports, and text information from news items associated with 518 different common stocks issued by current and former S&P 500 large-cap companies, from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2019. Our study's innovation includes utilizing deep language models to categorize and infer financial news item sentiment; fusing different models containing different combinations of variables and stocks to jointly make predictions; and overcoming the insufficient data problem for machine learning models in time series by using data across different stocks.

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