Semantic relations in text and translation Die semantischen Relationen im Text und Übersetzung

Based on the German language department’s theoretical and practical aspects as well as educational programs, the present study discusses the semantic relations in text sentences and their role in the science of translation. Through clarifying the semantic relationship between the text sentence and the methods used to express a news item, a situation or an occurrence and through the statement of the multiple theoretical semantic structures of the text’s construction and interrelation, a translator can easily translate a text into the target language. It is known that language learners face multiple difficulties in writing and creating an integrated, coherent and intelligible text, and the reason for this is their lack of knowledge of semantic relations. Deutsch In dieser Forschungsarbeit gehen die folgenden theoretischen Ausführungen im Zusammenhang mit bestimmten didaktischen Bemerkungen, die im Laufe des Lehrprozesses aufgetreten sind, der Frage der semantischen Relationen in Satzperspektiven nach. Berücksichtigt wurde dabei überdies das Lehrprogramm in der irakischen Germanistikabteilung. Daher besteht das Hauptpostulat dieser wissenschaftlichen Abhandlung in dem Versuch, dieses sprachliche Phänomen im Übersetzen und dessen vielseitige Varianten darzulegen sowie dessen Anwendbarkeit in den Verhandlungen, im praktischen Leben und im Umgang mit den ausländischen Firmen etc. zu klären.

S&P 500 Stock Price Prediction Using Technical, Fundamental and Text Data

We summarized both common and novel predictive models used for stock price prediction and combined them with technical indices, fundamental characteristics and text-based sentiment data to predict S&P stock prices. A 66.18% accuracy in S&P 500 index directional prediction and 62.09% accuracy in individual stock directional prediction was achieved by combining different machine learning models such as Random Forest and LSTM together into state-of-the-art ensemble models. The data we use contains weekly historical prices, finance reports, and text information from news items associated with 518 different common stocks issued by current and former S&P 500 large-cap companies, from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2019. Our study's innovation includes utilizing deep language models to categorize and infer financial news item sentiment; fusing different models containing different combinations of variables and stocks to jointly make predictions; and overcoming the insufficient data problem for machine learning models in time series by using data across different stocks.

“Why Can’t We?” Disinformation and Right to Self-Determination. The Catalan Conflict on Twitter

Disinformation does not always take the form of a fake news item, it also appears in much less evident formats which are subtly filtered into public opinion, thus making its detection more difficult. A method is proposed in this paper to address the study of “widespread” disinformation by combining social science methods with artificial intelligence and text mining. The case study chosen was the expression “right of self-determination” as a generator of disinformation within the context of the Catalan independence process. The main work hypothesis was that the (intentional or unintentional) confusion around the meaning and scope of this right has become widely extended within the population, generating negative emotions which favour social polarisation. The method utilised had three stages: (1) Description of the disinformation elements surrounding the term with the help of experts; (2) Detection of these elements within a corpus of tweets; (3) Identification of the emotions expressed in the corpus. The results show that the disinformation described by experts clearly dominates the conversation about “self-determination” on Twitter and is associated with a highly negative emotional load in which contempt, hatred, and frustration prevail.

Infodemia – an Analysis of Fake News in Polish News Portals and Traditional Media During the Coronavirus Pandemic

The article addresses the issue of the presence of false information on coronavirus in the Polish news media between January and September 2020. The research aimed to check the extent to which traditional media participate in disinformation processes during the pandemic. An attempt has also been made at explaining the reasons for the publication of fake news in these media. Sources of information that Poles use most often were examined: popular information portals, traditional media websites, and social media (Facebook and Twitter). The article analyses false information in both quantitative and qualitative terms. A total of 101 pieces of false information made available online were diagnosed, of which every fourth news item (25.74%) appeared in opinion-forming media (three most popular news portals and all traditional media were taken into account). The qualitative analysis shows that publishing false information in the opinion-forming media is the result of changes in the journalistic work environment (especially declining standards of work, a desire to attract the attention of the media audience and the pursuit of the media organisations’ own interests). However, this issue requires further research in editorial offices and among journalists.

Climate Change 2021—The Physical Science Basis

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the United Nations body responsible for assessing the science related to climate change. The Sixth Report from IPCC Working Group 1 published in August 2021 paints a very sombre picture for the future. This report was commented on in a news item by the International Science Council (ISC) on behalf of its members, of which IUPAC is a founding member.

Alternative approaches to news: the role of media distrust, perceived network homophily, and interests in news topics

This study focuses on three contemporary alternative users' attitudes to news previously detetected in the literature: 'News finds me', 'The information is out there' and 'I don't know what to believe. It analyzes the role of users' media distrust and social network homophily perception as predictors of each considered attitude. Secondly, the study also considers the effect of the mentioned attitude on user's interests in different news topics. Last, it compares the reciprocal influence of the aforementioned attitudes among them. A survey (n = 279) was developed among Spanish Facebook users. Data was analysed through multiple regression test. Results show that media distrust positively predicted “The Information Is Out There” but was not relevant in the cases of “News Finds Me” and “I Don’t Know What To Believe”. “News Finds Me” negatively predicted interest in hard news (domestic, international politics, and economy), and “The Information Is Out There” predicted interest in lifestyle news and stories about celebrities. Perceived network homophily was not predicted by any of the observed attitudes. A reciprocal influence was detected between “The Information Is Out There” and “News Finds Me” but no influence was identified from or to “I Don’t Know What To Believe”. We conclude that “The Information Is Out There” may have the same negative effects on political knowledge and participation that “News Finds Me” as it drives users away from hard news item and towards softer topics.

Online Fake News, Indonesia Law and Islamic Perspective

The effects of internet use bring with it many negative aspects linked to online fake news in Indonesia. Indonesia's fight against the spread of online fake news has been going on for many years. However, in 2017, the country experienced the biggest challenges in the bid to battle and resolve the rise of post-truth politics in the country. In addition, the spread of fake news in Islam is prohibited and perspectives from Islamic law equally discouraged the same. There is no harm in making gossip focused on sharing real experiences and emotions but Islam forbids any information being made with the intention of spreading rumors or falsehood. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to discuss online fake news based on Indonesia Law and Islamic Perfectives. The study conducts descriptive analytical literature review methods without using a basic assumption or proposition. Also, the literature used by the author for data collection includes primary and secondary sources from previous studies, such as publications, reference books, online news verification; and ayahs from Qur’an & Hadith that are centered on Indonesia Cyber Crime Law Settings. Cybercriminal offense governed in Law No. 11 Year 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions (UUITE) relating to online fake news item number one: criminal offenses involved in illegal activities, such as: distribution or propagation, transmission, unavailability of illegal content, including: ethics (Article 27[1] UUITE), gambling (Article 27 [2] UUITE); disrespect or defamation (Article 27 [3] UUITE); outrage or threats (Article 27 [4] UUITE), hoax manipulating and damaging customers (Article 28 [1] UUITE); creates a sense of ethnic hostility-based bigotry (Article 28 [2] UUITE). Equally, online fake news is also not allowed in Islam and that is evident in some ayahs stated in the Qur’an, which among are: Qur’an (49:6) & (24:15). Since online fake news has to do with spreading lie, falsehood, rumors and gossips, Islam condemns all kinds of deceit. Therefore, spreading rumors should not be treated as trivial or casual nor be encouraged as a form entertainment due to the high concerns it can raise and its far-reaching implications.

PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN DAN KEMAMPUAN PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI NEWS ITEM TEXT SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN DARING DENGAN METODE DISCOVERY LEARNING DI SMAN 1 MALINAU

Best Practice ini disusun untuk mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman dan kemampuan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran daring mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris Kelas XII SMA Negeri 1 Malinau selama masa Pandemi Covid-19. Best Practice ini dilaksanakan pada semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 yaitu bulan Juli-Agustus 2020. Best Practice ini menggambarkan tentang proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode Discovery Learning melalui media pembelajaran antara lain: Google Meet dan Google Classroom. Diharapkan siswa dapat memahami materi News ItemText berdasarkan generic structure, language feature dari teks tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode dan media pembelajaran tersebut ternyata peserta didik sangat tertarik. Dari tidak tahu menjadi tahu dari tidak mengerti menjadi paham tentang materi News Item Text.

ANALYZING MAIN AND SUBORDINATE CLAUSES IN THE WEVERSE MAGAZINE

Reading is activities that always do by EFL students; through reading, students can gain knowledge or get information from text like a printed textbook, E-book, magazine, article, news, and others. However, EFL students must understand what they read and the structural grammar of the text they already read. In grammar, there are term clauses that are divided into five parts: Main clause, Subordinate clause, Noun clause, Adjective clause, and Adverb clause. This article will focus on the main and subordinate clauses applied in the sentence on every Weverse magazine. Weverse itself is an online website that includes some hot news about K-pop idols under HYBE labels like BTS, TXT that a worldwide superstar boy group. This article uses descriptive qualitative research that aims to analyze the main and subordinate clauses in Weverse Magazine. This study will show how the main and subordinate clause is applied and used in the sentence on every news item written on Weverse magazine.

Power of the people or the expert? The influence of vox pop and expert statements on news-item evaluation, perceived public opinion, and personal opinion

Vox pops, interviews with ordinary people on the street, are one of the most common ways to represent public opinion in television news. Research found that they influence audience judgments more than static base-rate information such as poll results. However, little research has compared vox pops with vivified base-rate information. Most research studying vox pops assumed they are included in the news because of their apparent attractiveness and trustworthiness to audiences. Using a television news experiment comparing statistical base-rate information vivified by an expert with vox pop statements, this study shows that news items containing vox pop statements are perceived as being less attractive and trustworthy than items containing the expert statement. No difference is found between the two types of public opinion information in their influence on perceived public opinion, but vox pops do influence audiences’ personal opinion more strongly.