scholarly journals Environmentally acquired chemical camouflage affects Pieris brassicae L. host plant selection and orientation behaviour of a larval parasitoid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuy Nga T. Bui ◽  
Sari J. Himanen ◽  
Jarmo K. Holopainen
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Pieris Brassicae ◽  
Cotesia Glomerata ◽  
Host Plant Selection ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Chemical Camouflage ◽  
Larval Parasitoid ◽  
Neighbouring Plant ◽  
Behavioural Tests

AbstractEnvironmentally acquired chemical camouflage is a phenomenon, where a plant growing close to a strong volatile organic compound (VOC) emitter will adsorb and re-emit the VOCs produced by the neighbouring plant. The re-emitted volatile bouquet may resemble more the VOC composition of the neighbour than plant’s own typical odour, and thus act as chemical camouflage against insect detection, potentially simultaneously providing associational resistance towards herbivory. We exposed a pest-sensitive horticultural crop, Brassica oleracea var. italica (broccoli) cv. Lucky, to the volatiles emitted by Rhododendron tomentosum [RT] twigs and assessed the host selection by ovipositing females and larval instars of the major caterpillar pest Pieris brassicae between RT-exposed and control plants. Potential impact of RT exposure on herbivore natural enemies was studied using behavioural tests with a parasitoid wasp Cotesia glomerata. P. brassicae females laid significantly less eggs and egg clusters were fewer on RT-exposed plants at both night-time (6 °C) and daytime (22 °C) temperatures. Larvae preferred leaves from control plants over RT-exposed plants at both temperatures. Preceding RT-exposure did not disturb orientation of parasitoid wasp Cotesia glomerata females towards B. oleracea plants damaged by its host P. brassicae. However, host-damaged control plants were favoured by the parasitoid over RT-exposed, host-damaged plants. Our results suggest that companion plant based chemical camouflage as a mechanism of pest suppression could be developed as an additional tool for the integrated pest management toolbox in agriculture.

scholarly journals Natural dispersal of Cotesia rubecula the recently introduced larval parasitoid of Pieris rapae through the South Island

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 379-379
Author(s):  
G.P. Walker ◽  
F.H. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Pieris Rapae ◽  
Pieris Brassicae ◽  
Cotesia Glomerata ◽  
The South ◽  
Cotesia Rubecula ◽  
Far North ◽  
Larval Parasitoid ◽  
Interesting Study ◽  
Initial Release ◽  
Natural Dispersal

The natural dispersal of Cotesia rubecula the important larval parasitoid of Pieris rapae (small white butterfly) was assessed through the South Island over 2 years as part of an SFF project to improve management of foliage pests on forage vegetable and seed brassicas grown in the South Island This parasitoid has dispersed naturally from its initial release sites at Lincoln and Christchurch as far south as Dunedin airport as far north as north Cheviot and inland to Methven and Hanmer Springs However it has failed to establish in Southland and is not present in central Otago or Nelson/Marlborough Seasonal surveys indicate that this parasitoid is well synchronised with its host sometimes parasitising complete cohorts in a cropping area There is also strong evidence that C rubecula is displacing the earlier introduced and much less effective larval parasitoid Cotesia glomerata The hyperparasitoid Baryscapus galactopus is also affecting the new primary parasitoid A new SFF project is supporting the introduction of C rubecula into the Nelson/Marlborough region where its future interaction with C glomerata and possibly its other host Pieris brassicae (great white butterfly) a new incursion into New Zealand will be an interesting study

scholarly journals The impact of host aggressiveness on sex allocation by the gregarious parasitoid wasp Cotesia glomerata (L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Pieris Rapae ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Pieris Brassicae ◽  
Cotesia Glomerata ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Pieris Rapae Crucivora ◽  
Gregarious Parasitoid ◽  
The Impact

Parasitoid wasps lay female eggs or a high proportion of female eggs in favourable host insects because female wasps require many more resources during their development. Many studies have tested the effects of host physiological status on the sex allocation of parasitoids, but few have attempted to test the effects of host behavioural traits. Cotesia glomerata is a gregarious parasitoid wasp that lays eggs in caterpillars of pierid butterflies. The brood sex ratio in C. glomerata females that attacked aggressive host caterpillars was compared with that in females that attacked less aggressive hosts. The male ratio was higher when C. glomerata attacked aggressive Pieris brassicae caterpillars than when it attacked less aggressive Pieris rapae crucivora caterpillars. However, when C. glomerata females were induced to oviposit in anaesthetized P. brassicae caterpillars, the male ratio in their offspring was significantly lower than when they attacked unanaesthetized caterpillars. C. glomerata was attacked by aggressive host caterpillars during oviposition bouts. It is likely that this aggressive host behaviour disturbed the fertilization process in ovipositing C. glomerata females. These results suggest that a behavioural defence by host caterpillars affects sex allocation in the parasitoid wasp C. glomerata .

Octopamine-like immunoreactivity in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of two parasitic wasps, Cotesia glomerata and Cotesia rubecula

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Smid ◽  
Brenda van der Zee ◽  
Maartje Bleeker
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Cotesia Glomerata ◽  
Mushroom Bodies ◽  
Suboesophageal Ganglion ◽  
Wasp Species ◽  
Labelling Intensity ◽  
Protocerebral Bridge ◽  
The Brain

AbstractTwo closely related parasitoid wasp species, Cotesia glomerata L. and C. rubecula Marshall (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), differ in their display of associative learning and memory during host searching. As octopamine is involved in learning and memory in insects we investigated octopaminergic pathways in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion (SOG) of the two wasps. We used an anti-octopamine antibody and subsequent whole mount analysis using a confocal laserscanning microscope and pertinent software. Three groups of octopaminergic cells were located in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion. One group was located near the antennal lobes and consisted of six to eight cell bodies. A second group was located ventrally in the SOG and was most likely formed by ventral unpaired median (VUM) and VCBN (ventral cell body neurite) neurons. A third group was located in the pars intercerebralis and consisted of four to six cells. Octopamine-like immunoreactivity was furthermore present in the central body, protocerebral bridge, the SOG, antennal lobe, near the alpha and beta lobes of the mushroom bodies and in the mushroom body calyces. Due to the used methods and a high variability in staining intensity it was not possible to detect if there were any differences in the number of neurons, in arborisation patterns or in labelling intensity between the two wasp species.

scholarly journals Host generated cues alter the foraging behavior of Cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae and its larval parasitoids, Cotesia glomerata and Hyposoter ebeninus

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
M. Debarma ◽  
D.M. Firake
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pieris Brassicae ◽  
Cotesia Glomerata ◽  
Cabbage Butterfly ◽  
Larval Parasitoids

Effect of host-generated cues on foraging speed of herbivore as well as its natural enemies was studied under net house conditions in Meghalaya, India. Foraging speed of <em>P. brassicae</em> was significantly higher towards the healthy plants, whereas it was lowest towards the damaged plants along with herbivore cues. In contrast foraging speed of parasitoids <em>H. ebeninus </em>and<em> C. glomerata</em> was highest towards damaged plants along with herbivore cues and lowest towards healthy plants. It indicates that herbivore and its parasitoids respond to the volatiles generated by their host. In addition to host plants natural enemies also utilize herbivore-generated cues for their detection.

scholarly journals Parasitoid Complex of Cabbage Large White Butterfly Pieris Brassicae (L.) (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) in Urmia with New Records from Iran

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Razmi ◽  
Yones Karimpour ◽  
Mohammad Safaralizadeh ◽  
Seyed Safavi
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Pieris Brassicae ◽  
Cotesia Glomerata ◽  
Raphanus Raphanistrum ◽  
Large White ◽  
Parasitoid Complex ◽  
Pteromalus Puparum ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
First Time

Parasitoid Complex of Cabbage Large White ButterflyPieris Brassicae(L.) (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) in Urmia with New Records from IranSurveys for parasitoids attacking larvae and pupae ofPieris brassicae(L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) were conducted in theBrassicaagro-ecosystem in the Urmia region, northwest of Iran, between 2008 and 2009. Parasitized hosts were collected from infested plants placed inBrassicacrops during the growing season (June-October), and from the naturalP. brassicaepopulation on the common weedsCapparis spinosaL. (Capparaceae),Crambe orientalisL. (Brassicaceae) andRaphanus raphanistrumL. (Brassicaceae) during the summer production break (December). Ten species of primary parasitoids -Cotesia glomerata(L.) (Hym., Braconidae),Brachymeria femorataPanzer (Hym.: Chalcididae),Aprostocetus taxiGraham (Hym.: Eulophidae),Agrothereutes adustusGrav.,Blapsidotes vicinusGrav.,Hyposoter clausesBrischke (Hym.: Ichneumonidae),Pteromalus puparum(L.) (Hym.: Pteromalidae) andExorista larvarum(L.),Exorista segregataRondan,Phryxe vulgarisFallén (Dip.: Tachinidae) were identified. The most numerous wereP. puparum(with 49.65% in 2008 and 46.13% in 2009) andC. glomerata(with 43.45% and 45.57% in 2008 and 2009, respectively). The following species:A. adustus, A. taxi, B. vicinus, B. femorata, H. clausesandP. vulgaris, were newly recorded for the Iranian fauna. With the exception ofB. femorataandP. vulgaris, all of the above mentioned species were recorded for the first time as parasitoid onP. brassicaefrom Iran.

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