Investigation and Comparison of In Vitro Genotoxic Potency of PM10 Collected in Rural and Urban Sites at Tehran in Different Metrological Conditions and Different Seasons

The metabolic variation in the essential oil composition of Premna odorata leaves obtained from different seasons was quantitatively and qualitatively determined employing GC/MS (Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry) and GC/FID (Gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector) techniques. It displayed the existence of 97 constituents accounting for 94.19%, 92.27%, 91.95% and 92.63% for POS (spring), POM (summer), POA (autumn) and POW (winter) whole essential oils. β-Caryophyllene constituting the main metabolite in the oil in the different seasons. To better visualize the differences between them, GC data were exposed to chemometric analysis. A PCA (principal component analysis) score plot revealed the closeness of POS and POW. Molecular modelling on collagenase, elastase and hyaluronidase enzymes active centres shows that different compounds existing in the essential oil of Premna odorata leaves shows binding to the active sites with variable degrees that suggested its anti-ageing potential. Palmitic acid displayed the highest fitting for both the collagenase and elastase active centres in both pH-based and rule-based ionization methods with ∆G equals −78.27 and −44.77 kcal/mol, respectively; meanwhile, heptacosane showed the highest fitting score in the hyaluronidase centre with ∆G = −43.78 kcal/mol. In vitro assays consolidates the obtained modelling studies in which essential oil shows considerable anti-elastase and anti-hyaluronidase potential as evidenced by their IC50 values being 49.3 and 37.7 μg/mL, respectively; meanwhile, the essential oil of Premna odorata leaves displayed mild anti-collagenase potential. Thus, it can be concluded that Premna odorata could serve as a promising anti-ageing naturally occurring drug that could be effectively incorporated by pharmaceutical industries in cosmetics combating ageing and skin wrinkling.

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Stable enzootic transmission levels of West Nile virus in free ranging birds from rural and urban sites in the province of Cordoba

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/j.jevs.2016.02.065 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. S30

Author(s):

A.I. Quaglia ◽

F.S. Flores ◽

M.S. Contigiani ◽

L.A. Diaz

Keyword(s):

West Nile Virus ◽

West Nile ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Free Ranging ◽

Urban Sites

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Genotoxic and epigenotoxic effects of fine particulate matter from rural and urban sites in Lebanon on human bronchial epithelial cells

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. 352-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Mireille Borgie ◽

Frédéric Ledoux ◽

Anthony Verdin ◽

Fabrice Cazier ◽

Hélène Greige ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Bronchial Epithelial Cells ◽

Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells ◽

Bronchial Epithelial ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Urban Sites

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The Immunological Factors Predisposing to Severe Covid-19 Are Already Present in Healthy Elderly and Men

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2021.720090 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Gizem Kilic ◽

Ozlem Bulut ◽

Martin Jaeger ◽

Rob ter Horst ◽

Valerie A. C. M. Koeken ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

T Cell Subsets ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Differential Abundance ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Different Seasons ◽

Underlying Causes ◽

Inflammatory Proteins ◽

Immunological Factors

Male sex and old age are risk factors for COVID-19 severity, but the underlying causes are unknown. A possible explanation for this might be the differences in immunological profiles in males and the elderly before the infection. With this in mind, we analyzed the abundance of circulating proteins and immune populations associated with severe COVID-19 in 2 healthy cohorts. Besides, given the seasonal profile of COVID-19, the seasonal response against SARS-CoV-2 could also be different in the elderly and males. Therefore, PBMCs of female, male, young, and old subjects in different seasons of the year were stimulated with heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 to investigate the season-dependent anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response. We found that several T cell subsets, which are known to be depleted in severe COVID-19 patients, were intrinsically less abundant in men and older individuals. Plasma proteins increasing with disease severity, including HGF, IL-8, and MCP-1, were more abundant in the elderly and males. Upon in vitro SARS-CoV-2 stimulation, the elderly produced significantly more IL-1RA and had a dysregulated IFNγ response with lower production in the fall compared with young individuals. Our results suggest that the immune characteristics of severe COVID-19, described by a differential abundance of immune cells and circulating inflammatory proteins, are intrinsically present in healthy men and the elderly. This might explain the susceptibility of men and the elderly to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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