Fingerprint identification of volatile organic compounds in gasoline contaminated groundwater using gas chromatography differential ion mobility spectrometry

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Liang ◽  
Klaus Kerpen ◽  
Andriy Kuklya ◽  
Ursula Telgheder
Author(s):  
Yueqi Wang ◽  
Yanyan Wu ◽  
Yingying Shen ◽  
Chunsheng Li ◽  
Yongqiang Zhao ◽  
...  

Chinese fermented mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) have unique aroma characteristics that are appreciated by local consumers. In this study, electronic nose (E-nose) and gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry analyses were combined to establish a volatile fingerprint of fermented mandarin fish during fermentation. Clear separation of the data allowed mandarin fish samples at different fermentation stages to be distinguishing using E-nose analysis. Forty-three volatile organic compounds were identified during fermentation. Additionally, partial least squares discrimination analysis was performed to screen for different VOC metabolites in the fermented mandarin fish; the levels of six VOCs changed significantly during fermentation (variable importance in projection >1; p < 0.05). Three VOCs, i.e., hexanal-D, nonanal, and limonene were identified as potential biomarkers for fermentation. This study provided a theoretical basis for flavor real-time monitoring and quality control of traditional mandarin fish fermentation.


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