scholarly journals What Do You Mean by Trust? Establishing Shared Meaning in Interdisciplinary Design for Assistive Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Schwaninger ◽  
Florian Güldenpfennig ◽  
Astrid Weiss ◽  
Geraldine Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Abstract Concept ◽  
Shared Meaning ◽  
Interdisciplinary Design ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Weight Method

AbstractThe topic of trust has attracted increasing interest within HRI research, and is particularly relevant in the context of social robots and their assistance of older people at home. To make this abstract concept of trust more tangible for developers of robotic technologies and to connect it with older people’s living spaces and their daily practices, we propose a light-weight method drawing on elicitation cards to be used at early stages of participatory design. The cards were designed to serve as a guide for qualitative interviews at ideation phases. This was accomplished by using the cards connected to the living spaces of the participants, their daily practices, and ‘provocative’ questions to structure conversations. We developed the method with 10 inexperienced interviewers who conducted 10 qualitative interviews on the topic of trust without cards, and who tested the cards with 10 older adults. Our findings indicate that the method served as a powerful facilitator of conversations around the topic of trust and enabled interviewers to engage with everyday practices of older adults; it also facilitated a more active role for older adults during the conversations. As indicators of findings that can come from the cards, salient trust-related themes that emerged from the analysis of card usage were the desire for control, companionship, privacy, understandability, and location-specific requirements with regards to trust.

The Crucial Role of Cultural Probes in Participatory Design for and with Older Adults

i-com ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Maaß ◽  
Sandra Buchmüller
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Participatory Techniques ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Design Ideas ◽  
Common Understanding

AbstractSoftware systems meant to support older adults often are not well accepted as they do not meet the expectations and requirements of the target group. An involvement of older adults in system design seems imperative. The project ParTec investigated and evaluated techniques for participatory software development with regard to their suitability for communication and equal cooperation with older adults. With a group of 15 retirees we developed concepts for an online neighbourhood platform. Using various participatory techniques researchers and participants developed a deep common understanding of everyday life in early retirement, determined requirements and co-created design ideas and concepts. We will show that the use of cultural probes with subsequent qualitative interviews forms an ideal starting point and a strong fundament for a participatory design process with older adults.

scholarly journals Older workers imagining retirement: the collapse of agency, or freedom at last?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Anne Skevik Grødem ◽  
Ragni Hege Kitterød
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Work Patterns ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Retirement Decisions ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Images of what retirement is and ought to be are changing. Older workers are being encouraged to work for longer, at the same time, older adults increasingly voice expectations of a ‘third age’ of active engagement and new life prospects. In this article, we draw on the literature on older workers’ work patterns and retirement transitions (noting push/pull/stay/stuck/jump factors), and on scholarship on the changing social meaning of old age, most importantly the notions of a ‘third’ and ‘fourth’ age. The analysis is based on qualitative interviews with 28 employees in the private sector in Norway, aged between 55 and 66 years. Based on the interviews, we propose three ideal-typical approaches to the work–retirement transition: ‘the logic of deadline’, ‘the logic of negotiation’ and ‘the logic of averting retirement’. The ideal-types are defined by the degree to which informants assume agency in the workplace, their orientation towards work versus retirement and the degree to which they expect to exercise agency in retirement. We emphasise how retirement decisions are informed by notions of the meaning of ageing, while also embedded in relationships with employers and partners.

scholarly journals Service providers’ use of harm reduction approaches in working with older adults experiencing abuse: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Goodridge ◽  
Kerstin Stieber Roger ◽  
Christine A. Walsh ◽  
Elliot PausJenssen ◽  
Marina Cewick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Risk Environment ◽  
Intervention Process ◽  
Process Enactment ◽  
Humanistic Approach

Abstract Background Although abuse experienced by older adults is common and expected to increase, disclosure, reporting and interventions to prevent or mitigate abuse remain sub-optimal. Incorporating principles of harm reduction into service provision has been advocated as a strategy that may improve outcomes for this population. This paper explores whether and how these principles of harm reduction were employed by professionals who provide services to older adults experiencing abuse. Methods Thematic analysis of qualitative interviews with 23 professionals providing services to older adults experiencing abuse across three Western provinces of Canada was conducted. Key principles of harm reduction (humanism, incrementalism, individualism, pragmatism, autonomy, and accountability without termination) were used as a framework for organizing the themes. Results Our analysis illustrated a clear congruence between each of the six harm reduction principles and the approaches reflected in the narratives of professionals who provided services to this population, although these were not explicitly articulated as harm reduction by participants. Each of the harm reduction principles was evident in service providers’ description of their professional practice with abused older adults, although some principles were emphasized differentially at different phases of the disclosure and intervention process. Enactment of a humanistic approach formed the basis of the therapeutic client-provider relationships with abused older adults, with incremental, individual, and pragmatic principles also apparent in the discourse of participants. While respect for the older adult’s autonomy figured prominently in the data, concerns about the welfare of the older adults with questionable capacity were expressed when they did not engage with services or chose to return to a high-risk environment. Accountability without termination of the client-provider relationship was reflected in continuation of support regardless of the decisions made by the older adult experiencing abuse. Conclusions Harm reduction approaches are evident in service providers’ accounts of working with older adults experiencing abuse. While further refinement of the operational definitions of harm reduction principles specific to their application with older adults is still required, this harm reduction framework aligns well with both the ethical imperatives and the practical realities of supporting older adults experiencing abuse.

scholarly journals Thoughts on the Ageing Body

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Ghillani
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Artificial Image ◽  
The Media ◽  
Ageing Body ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Positive Representations

AbstractRecent studies have taken into account the fact that the lives of older people have changed drastically in the past fifty years. Older people today engage more with society and are also expected to maintain an active role in their communities. In order to maintain a positive social status, todays older adults need both to challenge negative stereotypes and also to achieve the “unachievable” positive representations in the media. Society plays a complex game of bodily images: the artificial image of the human body in the media, the image that individuals try to project, and the image that society reflects back to the individual. When the three don’t coincide, the collision creates a distancing effect. To truly understand the lived experiences of older adults in contemporary society we must explore the changing perceptions of the body. This review will illustrate the arguments both classical and contemporary through an exploration of the ageing female body, which remains the focus of most of the literature.

Evaluating the user-perceived benefit of a virtual patient education and support community: LVNG With Lung Cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (28_suppl) ◽  
pp. 92-92
Author(s):  
Mona L. Martin ◽  
Kristin Bucklen ◽  
Lise J. Hall ◽  
Beth Sandy ◽  
Dann Wonser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Perceived Benefit

92 Background: The accessibility and quality of network support for people living with lung cancer (PLW) and their support partners (SP) can vary. Virtual platforms provide a unique opportunity for PLW/SP peer support and disease education; the challenge is to measure impact. Methods: Our aim was to determine user-perceived benefit of the Facebook-based virtual community LVNG With Lung Cancer ( https://www.facebook.com/LVNGWithLungCancerUS ). Qualitative interviews were conducted with community members aged ≥18 yrs and living with lung cancer or actively supporting someone who had lung cancer. Also, inbound community comments (Dec 2015–Oct 2016) were retrospectively analyzed and grouped by similarity of content. Results: 18 PLW and 2 SP were interviewed (N = 20, saturation of concept met within the first 10). Mean yrs since diagnosis was 2.75 (range 0.08–17). Of the total expressions of benefit (n = 513) made during the interviews, 32% focused on increased health knowledge, with most participants calling out cancer information, good health behaviors, and coping strategies as key community benefits. Social impacts of the community accounted for 28% of benefit expressions; having a forum to share experiences and having a supportive environment were most frequently cited. An additional 18% of benefit expressions revealed that the community gives members feelings of empowerment, including feeling less alone (55% of respondents) and feeling inspired to help others (40% of respondents). Benefits received from community membership led to behavioral change in many respondents: 55% asked their doctor more questions, 50% shared helpful experiences with other members, and 35% took a more active role in their healthcare. In a notable example, an SP member said the community provided her with the knowledge she needed to address her symptoms and fears with her doctor, who was hesitant to biopsy because she did not meet typical risk criteria. Her self-advocacy was successful and ultimately led to an early lung cancer diagnosis. Results from the retrospective analysis of actual postings (n = 24,336; all unique users during evaluation period: n = 12,187) reflected the themes patients offered during interviews as important reasons to participate: 63% of postings were asking for or sharing cancer information, 98% provided emotional support and/or understanding, and 84% were inspirational/optimistic. Conclusions: This dual approach of assessing real-world impact of a virtual Facebook community provided insight into the benefit that members derive and highlighted the integral role of support groups in patient-centric care. Importantly, once members’ emotional and educational needs were met, they were empowered and/or inspired to take positive actions leading to better health behaviors and increased quality of life – an outcome that may have wider applicability for diseases beyond lung cancer.

A Qualitative Study Exploring Well-Being and the Potential Impact of Work-Related Stress Among Commercial Airline Pilots

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Paul Cullen ◽  
Joan Cahill ◽  
Keith Gaynor
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Airline Pilots ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Commercial Airline ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Increasing evidence suggests that commercial airline pilots can experience physical, mental, and social health difficulties. Qualitative interviews with commercial airline pilots explored the relationship between work-related stress and well-being. Participatory workshops involving pilots were conducted. The methodology of this action-based research involved a blend of person-centered design approaches; specifically, “stakeholder evaluation” and “participatory design.” The findings further support the hypothesis that pilot well-being is being negatively affected by the nature of their work. The biopsychosocial model of the lived experience of a pilot, as presented in this paper, provides a useful structure to examine pilot well-being, and to identify and scope potential coping strategies to self-manage health and well-being issues associated with the job of being a pilot.

scholarly journals Reflections on Hip Fracture Recovery From Older Adults Enrolled in a Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 233372141769766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Stott-Eveneshen ◽  
Joanie Sims-Gould ◽  
Megan M. McAllister ◽  
Lena Fleig ◽  
Heather M. Hanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Study Staff ◽  
Fracture Management ◽  
Positive Perspective

This study describes patients’ perspectives on recovery during participation in a randomized controlled trial that tested a postoperative hip fracture management program (B4 Clinic), compared with usual care, on mobility. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 50 older adults with hip fracture (from both groups) twice over 12 months. A total of 32 women (64%) and 18 men (36%) participated in the study with a mean age at baseline of 82 (range = 65-98) years. A total of 40 participants reported recovery goals at some point during their recovery from hip fracture but only 18 participants realized their goals within 12 months. Recovering mobility, returning to prefracture activities, and obtaining stable health were the most commonly reported goals. Participants described good social support, access to physiotherapy, and positive perspective as most important to recovery. These factors were influenced by participants’ knowledge, resources, and monthly contact with study staff (perceived as a form of social support). The most frequently reported barriers to participants’ recovery were the onset of complications, pain, and limited access to physiotherapy. Potential implications of these findings include design and modification of new or preexisting fracture programs, prioritizing patient engagement and enhanced knowledge for future clinical research in hip fracture recovery.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Conceptualization of an e-Mental Health Treatment for Depression in Older Adults: Mixed-Methods Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Eichenberg ◽  
Markus Schott ◽  
Adam Sawyer ◽  
Georg Aumayr ◽  
Manuela Plößnig
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Everyday

BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common mental disorders in older adults. Unfortunately, it often goes unrecognized in the older population. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify how Web-based apps can recognize and help treat depression in older adults. METHODS Focus groups were conducted with mental health care experts. A Web-based survey of 56 older adults suffering from depression was conducted. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 2 individuals. RESULTS Results of the focus groups highlighted that there is a need for a collaborative care platform for depression in old age. Findings from the Web-based study showed that younger participants (aged 50 to 64 years) used electronic media more often than older participants (aged 65 years and older). The interviews pointed in a comparable direction. CONCLUSIONS Overall, an e-mental (electronic mental) health treatment for depression in older adults would be well accepted. Web-based care platforms should be developed, evaluated, and in case of evidence for their effectiveness, integrated into the everyday clinic.

Abstract 215: Differing Perspectives Between Physicians, Patients And Caregivers On The Value Of An Individualized Estimate Of The Benefits Of Thrombolysis At The Time Of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Designing The Resolve (Rapid Evaluation for Stroke Outcomes using Lytics in Vascular Event) Decision Aid

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole J Decker ◽  
Emily Chhatriwalla ◽  
Brian Garavalia ◽  
John A Spertus ◽  
Er Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Risks And Benefits

Background: Explaining the risks and benefits of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) occurs in a hurried conversation in the emergency department and may not be fully grasped by patients and their caregivers. Risk models describing the heterogeneity of benefits from rt-PA in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have been created, but are not used in routine clinical practice. To develop a tool (RESOLVE) for modeling each patient’s benefits and risks for rt-PA, we conducted qualitative interviews with survivors, their caregivers and emergency physicians to inform the design and improve usability. Methods: A multidisciplinary research team conducted qualitative research through 10 focus groups of survivors and caregivers. We obtained feedback on their preferred role, desired information and their impressions of alternative formats for presenting risk and benefits. Three emergency physicians from 2 sites have been interviewed (with >15 additional physician interviews being currently conducted, the results of which will supplement these preliminary data at the time of presentation). Results: Survivors and caregivers (63 participants: 39 stroke survivors; 43% male) express a need for more information, including specific risks and benefits to treatment. In general, both groups desired an active role in the acute stroke treatment decision. In contrast, the initial physician interviews indicated a hesitancy to provide NINDS data to patients and caregivers, skepticism of the existing data and cultural barriers to the use of rt-PA in AIS, the latter acquired through residency training or the opinions of their clinical colleagues. The interviewed clinicians, however, felt more positive about using rt-PA when a neurologist was readily available to support the decision. Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest reluctance by emergency physicians to share data about the benefits of rt-PA to stroke patients and their caregivers, despite the desire of the latter for such information. While the additional planned interviews will be needed to confirm these findings, preliminary insights suggest a compelling need to overcome the reticence of emergency physicians to use clinical data to better engage patients in making a shared decision about rt-PA in AIS.

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